Posachedwa, kuchuluka kwa anthu ogwira ntchito akugwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zoperekedwa ndi chingwe cha hypermarket mwa mawonekedwe a zakudya zopangidwa ndi mazira. Ndipo sikuti mwadzidzidzi - kubwerera kunyumba pambuyo pa tsiku lalitali ndi lotopetsa, akazi ochepa kwambiri ogwira ntchito adzasangalala ndi lingaliro lakuti mukufunabe kuphika chakudya cha banja lonse. Zoonadi, pankhaniyi, zakudya zopangidwa ndi madzi ozizira ndizowonjezera chabe, mtundu wa "wowombola wopulumuka". Koma azimayi ochepa okha amaganiza za momwe zakudya zafungo ndi zakudya zilili, komanso ngati angadye konse, makamaka ana.
Kafukufuku wosiyanasiyana ndi malingaliro pambali iyi asokoneza kwathunthu ogula, ndi ife ndi inu. Ena amati zakudya za mazira ndi madalitso a chitukuko, chifukwa ndi zabwino komanso zothandiza, wathanzi komanso wotetezeka ku thanzi. Ena amalimbitsa mwamphamvu malingaliro akuti palibe zakudya zowonongeka ndi kuzizira ndipo sizingatheke, chifukwa panthawi ya chithandizo chamankhwala zinthu zonse zothandiza zimatha mwa iwo, ndipo ngakhale zovulaza zingapangidwe. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mankhwalawa amathyoledwa kambirimbiri kenako amazirala, sangadye pambuyo pake. Zonsezi zimakhala ndi ufulu wamoyo. Koma kodi choonadi chiri kuti? Tiyeni tiyesere kuzilingalira.
Malingana ndi akatswiri
Kusungunula ndi imodzi mwa njira zabwino kwambiri zosungiramo zakudya. Izi zimakuthandizani kuti muzisunga zakudya zambiri, mosiyana ndi njira zotetezera pogwiritsa ntchito zowonjezereka monga mchere, shuga kapena viniga. Kuonjezerapo, kukoma ndi maonekedwe a zakudya zowonongeka ndizochepa poyerekeza ndi zatsopano, zomwe sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa zakudya zamzitini.
Masiku ano, zakudya zopangidwa mwamsanga zowonjezereka zimakhala zikudziwika kwambiri ndipo zikusandulika kukhala gwero labwino la ndalama, chifukwa zimasunga nthawi ndi ndalama. Koma palibe chinthu chimodzi chomwe chingapulumutsidwe kwamuyaya ndi chithandizo chozizira. Kuonjezerapo, mu njirayi nkofunika kusunga malamulo atatu ofunika kuti mupereke chakudya chabwino ndi chamoyo:
- Kwa kuzizira, zoyeretsedwa bwino ndi zoyenera ziyenera kusankhidwa. Chifukwa pambuyo pokutsutsani simungathe kuwayeretsanso kapena kuwasambitsa. Ngati mankhwalawa adayamba kuchokera pachiyambi, sichidzawonjezera ku chisanu cha chisanu. Zoterezi sizingadye.
- M'nyengo yozizizira, liwiro limene mankhwala onsewa athazikika mpaka -18 ° C kapena ngakhale kutentha kutsika n'kofunika. Pa izi kutentha, kusintha kwa mankhwala ndi chitukuko cha tizilombo timayima, ndipo mankhwalawo amakhala atsopano, monga iwo analiri nthawi ya kuzizira. Choposa zonse - kuzizira mofulumira, pamene mankhwalawa amabweretsedwa kutsika kochepa mu mphindi zochepa. Mafiriji amasiku ano amalola izi kuti zichitike popanda zovuta komanso popanda kutaya zakudya ndi mavitamini.
- Ngati timasankha kuti tizisungunula zakudya zina, zimakhala zofunikira kukonzekera, kapena kutchedwa "blanching," zomwe zimathandiza kusunga khalidwe la mankhwala. Iwo amatsuka kutsukidwa, kudula ndikuikidwa m'madzi otentha amchere, amaphika kwa mphindi 3-4 (pambuyo pa madzi otentha). Choncho, machitidwe a ma enzyme amasiya, zomwe zingapangitse kuti kuwonjezereka kwabwino ndi kununkhira kwa mankhwala. Pambuyo kuchotsedwa m'madzi, iyenera kutenthedwa, kudzazidwa mofulumira ndi madzi ozizira kapena kuikidwa mu chidebe chosiyana kumizidwa m'madzi a ayezi. Pokhapokha ngati mankhwalawa atakhazikika, amatha kuziyika ndi kuzizira.
Zochitika zikuwonetsa kuti chakudya chosungidwa pa kutentha pang'ono sichimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kusowa kwa zakudya zowonjezera kuposa zomwe zimasungidwa ndi kuyanika kapena kumalongeza. Koma chakudya cha mazira ndi chakudya champhongo chingathe kuwononga thanzi la munthu ngati zina zofunika pokonzekera ndi kusungirako sizikugwirizana.
Njira zowonjezera
Pali njira zitatu zazikuluzikulu zamakono zotentha: kuzizira mofulumira, zofiira komanso zochedwa. Zakudya zozizira kwambiri ndizo zomwe zakhala zikuchitika monga "kuzizira mwamsanga". Malingana ndi iye, chigawo cha maximum crystallization chimafalikira mwamsanga malinga ndi mtundu wa chakudya, kutentha komwe kumachitika panthawi ya kutenthetsa kwabwino m'madera onse a chakudya sichidutsa -18 ° C ndipo amakhalabe nthawi zonse. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti kupanga zakudya zowonjezera msanga zimagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zokhazokha zowonjezera zabwino. Kukonzekera kozizira kofulumira kwa chakudya kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mwamsanga pogwiritsira ntchito njira ndi njira zoyenera. Zapangidwa kuti zichepetse kuthekera kwa mankhwala, zamagetsi ndi zamoyo zamakono.
Kusokoneza "kapena kutchedwa" blastfreezing "kumachitika m'matanjira ozizira omwe amapanga mapepala a polyurethane. Njira yozizirayi ndi yoyenera nsomba, nyama, nkhuku ndi zamasamba. Zikuoneka kuti kuzizira ndi njira imodzi yabwino kwambiri yowonetsetsa kuti nyama, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zikhazikike. Ndipo mofulumira chisanu, kuchepa kochepa kumakhudza mankhwala.
Werengani malemba a zakudya zakuda
Izi ndi zofunika kuti mudziwe zomwe zili mu zakudya zakuda ndi chiwerengero cha makilogalamu. Ovomerezeka akulangizidwa kuti asankhe zakudya zomwe zili ndi vitamini A ndi C, mapuloteni, chitsulo, calcium ndi fiber. Kawirikawiri, gawo la chakudya chozizira kwambiri chimapangidwa m'njira yowonjezera chakudya chatsopano momwe zingathere. Chiwerengero cha makilogalamuwo sichiyenera kupitirira 300-350 (mwachitsanzo 12-14 g mafuta onse, 4.5 g mafuta odzaza, 600 mg kapena mchere wochepa, 0 g Mafuta a Transgenic, mapuloteni 15 g ndi pafupifupi magalamu atatu celulo). Komabe, nthawi zina, zowonjezera zowonjezereka zimakhala zachizolowezi, chakudya chimodzi cha mazira sangakhale chokwanira chamasana kapena chakudya chamadzulo. Ichi ndichifukwa chake ambiri odyetsa zakudya amalimbikitsa mbale zowonjezera kuti zikhale zowonjezera ndi saladi, zowonjezera masamba kapena zipatso. Choncho, kuwonjezeka kwa mitsempha, yomwe imathandiza kuti thupi lizikhala lopanda mafuta osakaniza, lidzaperekedwa.
Zakudya zozizira kapena zakuda - zomwe ziri bwino?
Cholinga cha kuzizira (ndi kuzizira) ndi njira yochepetsetsa ya zakudya zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mavitamini. Kukula kwa mabakiteriya kumaimitsidwa pa kutentha kwa -5 mpaka -8 ° C, ndi kukula kwa bowa - pa -11 ° C. Kuwonjezera apo, kutentha kutentha kumachepetsa ntchito ya ma enzyme, koma musayime kupanga. Kuzizira kungangowonongeka njira yobalana, koma osati kulepheretsa izo. Izi zikuwonetsanso kuti zakudya zopangidwa ndi chilled zimapindulitsa bwino, popeza zinthu zamoyo zimakhalabe kwa iwo masiku awiri kapena atatu kuyambira tsiku lopangidwa. Pozizizira, kutentha kumakhala -18 ° C ndipo ngakhale kumunsi, kumene mabakiteriya sangathe kukula ndipo, chifukwa chake, nthawi yosungirako yayitali.
Nthawi zonse muzisankha zakudya zabwino kwambiri!
Kuphika chakudya kumapangidwira kuti awatchinjiridwe ku zonyansa ndi tizilombo towononga. Kuonjezerapo, chifukwa cha zipangizo zamakono zamakono, kuperewera kwa zinthu zogulira katundu kumachepetsedwa kwambiri. Pofuna kuzizira, phukusi lapadera ndilofunikira. Ngati phukusilo lawonongeka, kutuluka kwa mpweya sikungatheke, pamene chakudya chimawonongeka, mafuta ochulukirapo ambiri amapezeka mmenemo, ndipo zothandiza zimatayika mosalekeza. Njira zomwe zimayambitsa kusintha kwa kukoma ndi kupanga zinthu zovulaza zimayambanso chifukwa cha kusungidwa bwino. Ndibwino kuti matumbawa asungidwe mlengalenga, omwe amathandiza kuteteza mavitamini ndi mchere mu mankhwala. Pachifukwa ichi, mu zomera zabwino zopangira, pamapampu apadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosavuta kutulutsa mpweya kuchokera pamapangidwe, kupanga chopuma.
Izi ziyenera kukumbukira kuti chakudya ndi mapangidwe owonongeka akhoza kukhala owopsa kwa ogulitsa. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwao kungayambitse kupweteka, kutsekula m'mimba, kutsegula m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa. Sitiyenera kuiwalika kuti mankhwala opangidwa ndi thawedwa sangathe kukhala ozizira kwambiri, popeza asakhale osayenera kumwa.
Sitikukayikira kuti zakudya zopangira chakudya chozizira zimapulumutsa nthawi yathu ndipo m'manja mwa munthu wothandizira waluso angathe kukhala chakudya chosangalatsa - chothandiza ndi chokoma. Koma, komano, wina sangakhale wotsimikiza za khalidwe lapamwamba ndi chiyambi cha mankhwala. Motero, kudyetsa masamba ndi nkhuku yokazinga bwino panyumba kungakhale bwino kuposa momwe zimakhalira mazira ozizira.