Kwa mtundu wa Stapelia anganene kuti pafupifupi zomera zana, zomwe ziri za banja labwino kwambiri. Stapelia imafalikira ku South Africa, koma palinso mitundu ina kummawa kwa Africa. Zomera zonse za mtundu uwu ndi zokongola, zosatha komanso zochepa.
Stapelia imakhala ndi mphukira zam'mimba ndizinayi, masamba alibe, kawirikawiri amapanga njira kumunsi. Kawirikawiri, maluwa amakula m'munsi mwa mphukira, komanso pamwamba; ali pazitali za pedicels chimodzi kapena zingapo, mtundu uli wofiira, iwo ali ndi pubescence. Nkhutayi ili ndi masamba 5, yosonyeza nsonga; Chomera chimakhala chokongola kwambiri, chokhala ndi mbali, zomwe zimadulidwa ndi theka la kutalika kwake, mawonekedwe ake ndi amtundu wanji, mapulogalamuwa ndi owopsa. Nkhumba ndi zinyama, zimakhala ndi mtundu, zimakumana ndi pubescent ndi glabrous. Korona uli ndi mzungu wambiri. Chotsitsa chakunja chimakhala ndi mbali zisanu zapadera, zing'onoting'ono kapena la lanceolate; zipilala za korona zili pafupi ndi anthers, m'litali mwake ndizofupika, zosavuta kapena zosavuta, kapena zimagawidwa.
Maluwa okongola a stapel ali ndi mtengo wokongoletsa kwambiri, pamene iwo ndi osavuta kusamalira. Maluwa ake ali oyambirira ndipo ali ndi maonekedwe abwino, koma pali kamphindi kakang'ono - ndi fungo lawo. Fungo la maluwa ndi losavuta komanso losasangalatsa, limakopa ntchentche. Komabe, ngakhale izi, zomera zimatchuka kwambiri pakati pa florists chifukwa chokula mu nyumba.
Kusamalira mbewu
Kuunikira. Stapelias, mofanana ndi zomera zambiri, zimafuna kuwala kowala komanso kosavuta. Komabe, Stapelia imatha kunyamula dzuŵa lomwe limayendetsedwa nayo nthawi yachisanu ndichisanu; M'nthaŵi ya chilimwe, kutentha kwa dzuwa kungawonekere dzuwa, makamaka m'nyengo yotentha kwambiri.
Malo abwino kwambiri oti mukule ndi kumadzulo kapena kummawa. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, chomeracho chiyenera kutsekedwa dzuwa, mungagwiritse ntchito nsalu kapena mapepala opangidwa ndi translucent, mwachitsanzo, gauze kapena papepala. Ngati chomeracho chinagulidwa mu sitolo, i.e. mwinamwake, anaima pamthunzi, komanso pambuyo pa nyengo yozizira, sizingatheke kufotokozera dzuwa, ziyenera kuzolowereka pang'onopang'ono, mwinamwake chomeracho chikhoza kutenthedwa.
M'nyengo yozizira, mpweya wabwino umakhala wabwino kwambiri pammera, ndipo chomeracho chimakhala ndi mpweya wabwino, choncho ndibwino kuti mutulutse ku khonde kapena munda panthawi imeneyo. Mu nthawi yotentha, ndithudi, chomeracho chiyenera kutsekedwa ku dzuwa. M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, stapelia imalekerera kuwala kwa dzuwa, kotero palibe kumeta.
Kutentha kwa boma. Kutentha ulamuliro kuchokera ku kasupe ndipo nthawi yonse yofunda ndi yosavuta kapena yotentha - + 22-26С. Kuyambira mwezi wa September, kutentha kumayenera kuchepetsedwa, ziyenera kukhala pafupifupi 15C, choncho zomera zimakonzedweratu nyengo yozizira - nthawi yonse. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kumachepetsedwa ndi madigiri 1-2, koma musagwe pansipa + 12C.
Kuthirira. Kuchokera kumayambiriro kwa masika mpaka October, stapel imathirira madzi pang'ono, pambuyo pa dothi la pamwamba la nthaka lauma; kuthirira kwina kuchepetsedwa, kubweretsa nyengo yozizira, koma osati kulola makwinya a mphukira. Ngati chomeracho chitaleka kuthirira, ndiye kuti zimayambira kukwinya, chomeracho chimataya mphamvu yake ndipo chimalowa m'nyengo ya zomera. Komanso, mukamwetsa madzi, payenera kuyang'anitsitsa kutentha kwa zomwe zili: kutentha kwa nyengo yozizira, nthawi zambiri ndikofunika kuthirira mbewu.
Kutentha kwa mpweya. Pankhani ya chinyezi, koma izi sizili zofunikira kuti zikule. Chomeracho chimakhala bwino ndi mpweya wouma.
Kupaka pamwamba. Maluwa a stapel amadyetsedwa m'chilimwe, omwe amafunikira feteleza omwe amakonzedwera cacti kapena zomera zabwino; Mlingo ndi wovomerezeka, monga momwe amasonyezera pa phukusi. M'nyengo yozizira ndi yophukira izi m'nyumba zamaluwa sizifuna zina kudyetsa. Kwa mtundu uwu, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi chowonjezera chowonjezera potaziyamu; Chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa mankhwalawa, amayamba kulimbana ndi matenda.
Kusindikiza. Kusindikizira zomera zachinyamata chaka chilichonse mu kasupe, ndipo akuluakulu amawonetsa kawirikawiri - zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu. Ngati zomera zazikulu zikuikidwa, ndiye kuti mphukira yakale yomwe ili mkati imachotsedwa, koma siidzaphuka. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha mchenga chiyenera kukhala mchenga wolimba komanso wosalowerera. Chinthu choterechi chidzakhala chosakaniza ndi mchenga wambiri, ziwiri ndi gawo limodzi. N'zotheka kugwiritsa ntchito gawo lokonzekera lokonzekera, lomwe liri loyenera kwa cactus, koma apo ndi zofunika kuwonjezera zidutswa za malasha ndi mchenga. Miphika yoyenera idzakhala yosalala, chifukwa mizu yaying'ono. Kujambula ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri, chimayikidwa pansi pa mphika pachitatu cha thanki. Pambuyo pake, chomeracho sichiyenera kuthiriridwa masiku 5-7, mwinamwake mizu ingayambe kuvunda.
Kubalana. Stapelia - maluwa omwe amabereka ndi mbewu kapena cuttings.
Ngati tikulankhula za mbeu, ndiye kuti amangiriridwa bwino, koma amakhala osasuntha pang'ono, pafupifupi chaka chimodzi. Mbewu ziyenera kufesedwa miphika yakuda mu nthaka ya mchenga.
Sungani mbewu za mwezi. Mbande obzalidwa ang'onoang'ono miphika atatha. Dziko lapansi liyenera kukonzedwa mmagulu otsatirawa: gawo limodzi la nthaka, magawo awiri a tsamba, onetsetsani mchenga wotsekemera - gawo limodzi, komanso malasha ndi laimu limodzi la magawo khumi.
Chaka chotsatira, zomera zachinyamata ziyenera kusamutsidwa ku miphika pang'ono, zomwe zimapangidwira nthaka kuti zikhale zofanana. Mitengo iyi, yomwe imamera kuchokera ku mbewu, ingakhale yosiyana ndi chomera cha makolo, popeza stapel ili ndi chizolowezi chowoloka.
Ngati mukufuna kukweza cuttings, ndiye adadulidwa ku mphukira yakale. Asanadzalemo, iwo anaphimba, ndipo kenako adzalima pansi. Mbendera imapangidwa ndi chisakanizo cha mchenga wonyezimira ndi tchizi. Mizu ya cuttings ikuwonekera mofulumira, mwamsanga mutatha kuti iwo abzalidwa miphika ndi mamita awiri masentimita. Dziko lapansi kusakaniza limakonzedwa komanso mbande.
Zosatheka zovuta
- Ngati chilimwe sichidziwika ndi dzuŵa, ndiye kuti chomeracho chimawoneka ngati madontho kapena kutentha, makamaka ngati kamtengo kameneka kamakhala pamthunzi kapena pamphuno.
- Ngati mumamwa mulu wambiri, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira, zimayambira kukhala zovuta, zimatha ndi kuvunda.
- Ngati mbewuyo ilibe zakudya zokwanira kapena ngati mbewuyo ilibe kuwala kokwanira, zimayambira ndipo zimakhala zoonda, ndipo zomera zokha sizikuphulika.
- Kuwonongeka kwa mbewu kungavunda.