Simulators ndi oyambitsa
Zimakhulupirira, ndipo kafukufuku wamaganizo amatsimikizira kuti anthu ambiri (95%) ndi otsanzira kapena akapolo ndipo pafupifupi 5% ali oyambitsa kutsogolera. Ngati timakumbukira kuti pali ambiri a ife, koma bwana ndilo - chiŵerengero chotero sichidzabweretsa kukayikira. Kugawidwa kwa maudindo kuti atsogolere ndi akapolo - sizoipa kapena zabwino, koma mitundu iwiri yokha ya malingaliro ndi khalidwe, chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa anthu za zikuluzikulu ndi makhalidwe a mtsogoleri. Kuthamangira kwa mtundu woyamba kapena wachiwiri waikidwa kuyambira ubwana. Kukhala wotsogolera kumatanthauza kukhala wotanganidwa, mtsogoleri. Kufunika kwa kutsogolera kumatanthauza kutsika pang'ono, kusokoneza kwakukulu, kusintha kwachangu, ndi udindo wapamwamba. Kukhala kapolo kumatanthauza kukhala ndi udindo, kukhulupirira ndi kuvomereza, kupereka ufulu wa zisankho kapena kusankha kwa wina. Anthu ochepetsedwa amakhala osasinthika komanso osadziimira okha kuposa otsogolera, odalira kwambiri anthu apamtima kapena apamwamba.
Chifukwa chiyani anthu ambiri amakonda kutsanzira, kutsanzira, kutsata munthu? Ambiri a ife timalingalira kuti khalidwe lathu ndi lolondola tikaona anthu ena akuchita mofananamo. Timangoganiza kuti ngati anthu ambiri amachitanso chimodzimodzi, ndiye kuti ayenera kudziwa zomwe sitimachita. Mwanjira ina, khalidwe ili likugwirizana ndi chidziwitso cha kudzipulumutsa. Mwa njira, mphamvu yathu yotsanzirira ikuwonetsedwanso ngakhale pamaganizo ndi m'maganizo. Kumbukirani kuti zolimbana ndizoonekera kwa munthu wodula kapena wosangalala. Ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuti musagwedezeke kapena kumusangalatsa.
"Kutenga" ndi kolimba kwambiri moti nthawi zina kumabweretsa mavuto aakulu. Mwachitsanzo, kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la khumi ndi khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, anyamata aang'ono adayenda pang'onopang'ono m'nyumba ya ku France. Ndipo iwo adatenga zambiri ndi moyo, pazifukwa zina, kokha pa mbedza mu bafa. Mliri wa kudzipha unapitirizabe mpaka wina atayesera kuti ayese kuyesa kunja kwa khoma: pazifukwa zina njira zina zofera atsikanayo zimawoneka zosakongola, ndipo ziyenera kuyembekezera kuti akhala ndi ukalamba kwambiri.
Mphamvu ya munthu kuti imutsanzire imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi oganiza zamaganizo a magulu osiyanasiyana. Choncho, opempha opemphapempha "mchere" awo amtengo ndi mitengo ya kanjedza ndi ndalama zingapo, omwe amati amatha kuponyedwa ndi anthu ena, akutilimbikitsa kuti titsatire chitsanzo chawo. Kawirikawiri, njirazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potsatsa, kuyitanitsa kugula chinthu chokongoletsera kapena chovomerezedwa ndi ogula ena. Mawonetsero a pa televizioni, amalemba kuseka kwasitima, "kutanthauza" kumene tikufunikira kuseka. Akuluakulu a ndale chifukwa cha zomwezo, ngakhale kuti ali ndi zaka zamakono zatsopano zamakono, amakondabe maphwando: gulu ndi losavuta kuphunzitsa malingaliro aliwonse kusiyana ndi munthu aliyense.
Sinthasintha madigiri 180
Koma kodi tifunika kusintha? Pomaliza, sikuti aliyense angathe kukhala atsogoleri? Tidzayenera kusintha. Moyo wamakono umayambitsa mavuto atsopano kwa anthu, kuwalimbikitsa kuti amve ndi kuchita mosiyana. Choyamba, dziko likutsatira njira ya demokarasi, chitukuko cha munthu monga munthu. Chifukwa chachiwiri ndi kusintha kwa sayansi ndi zamakono, ndipo m'nthawi ya chidziwitso chosinthika munthu ayenera kuyendayenda, kuganiza moyenera. Ndipo lachitatu ndilo msika. Lero, msika wa katundu ndi mautumiki ndi oversaturated. Zotsatira zake, ndizosiyana ndizosiyana, monga zachuma, zomwe zimapindulitsa, ndizopikisana. Anthu opanga okha amatha kupanga phindu lowonjezera - iwo samatsanzira, koma oyambitsa, omwe ndi psychology yawo akutsogolera, osati kutsogozedwa. Palibe zodabwitsa tsopano ku Western Europe ndi America kunali mabuku ochuluka, mapulogalamu othandizira, ntchito ikuchitidwa kuti chiwonjezere chiwerengero cha anthu osokonezeka.
Kuonjezera chiwerengero chazochita, anthu odziganizira ndizofunika kwambiri zachuma. Koma kodi ndizoona? Mwina kuthekera kwa "kugwedeza" kapena "kukhala ndi ufulu" mwa ife ndi chilengedwe? Mmodzi sayenera kuganiza kuti choyambiriracho, utsogoleri ndi makhalidwe osadziwika okha. Ndipotu, ndi "proactivity gene" anthu onse amabadwa. Pamapeto pake, umuna uliwonse kuti umve dzira uyenera kuti unapitiliza zikwi zambiri za "mpikisano anzake." Kenaka akuyamba kusokoneza maganizo pazinthu zomwe timakhala nazo mwachilengedwe. Kodi proactivity ndi chiyani? Izi ndizofanana ndi za ufulu, ntchito ndi udindo. Munthu wokhudzidwa amafuna kukhala phunziro, osati chinthu chochita. Makhalidwe ake akukhazikitsidwa ndi zosankha zake, osati ndi zochitika.
Kuthamanga kwa maganizo koyamba kumapezeka ku mtundu wautsikana komwe timakhala nawo nthawi zonse, kukakamizidwa kudya nthawi, kukhala pansi pamphika nthawi yomweyo ndi gulu lonse, ndi zina zotero. "Wolemba mbiri wotchuka wa ku Swiss, dzina lake Jean Piaget, mmodzi mwa omwe anayambitsa genetic psychology, ananena kuti m'zaka zisanu zoyambirira zaka, anthu amapeza mapulogalamu 80%, zomwe zimakhudza tsogolo lake. Ndipo izo ziri mu m'badwo uno, ndiko kuti, mu galasi, kuti wathu wachisokonezo wapangidwira. Anayamba sukulu yatha. Kawirikawiri makolo amatsanulira mafuta pamoto, poyerekeza ana awo ndi "zolinga za maphunziro": "Chifukwa chiyani ana onse ali ndi ana, ndipo muli ndi chinthu choterocho? "Pamene akazi akufunsa choti achite kuti asabwereze zolakwitsa za makolo awo poleredwa ndi ana, ndikukulangizani kuti musanene kuti" Mungathe bwanji! Ndi bwino kupanga zomwe mumanena kwa mwana motere: "Izi siziyenera kuchitika ndi mnyamata wanzeru ngati inu!"
Komabe, munthu sayenera kutsutsa chilichonse pa maphunziro athu ndi makolo, omwe amazunzidwa ndi Soviet. Chiŵerengero cha otsatira 95% ndi 5% mwa atsogoleri akusungidwa m'mayiko ambiri m'mbiri yonse ya anthu. Ili "dongosolo" linali lofunikira kuti pakhale dziko, limene, monga momwe likudziwira, ndi makina oponderezedwa ndi kuponderezedwa. Zinthuzo zinayamba kusintha posachedwapa. Ndi nkhani ina kuti mayiko a ku Ulaya apitiliza ku Ukraine pa njira ya demokalase ya anthu, maphunziro a makhalidwe abwino ndi makhalidwe a mtsogoleri mwa munthu. Mwa njira, utsogoleri sayenera kuganiziridwa kokha pa nkhani ya utsogoleri. Lingaliro limeneli limaphatikizaponso luso la munthu kuthetsa tsogolo lake. Pa nthawi yomweyi, akhoza kukhala pamalo alionse. Mkazi woyeretsa, yemwe amagwira ntchito muofesi ndikufika kumapeto kuti kuyeretsa nsalu yakale kumalo otsetsereka ndi mchere, anapita ku sitolo kukatenga mopopera ndiyeno anabweretsa kwa mkulu wa khola cheke kuti apereke - ali kale mtsogoleri m'malo mwake.
Dzuka, projectivity!
Atayankha funso limodzi lachikale, "Ndi ndani amene ayenera kulakwa? ", Ndikofunika kuyankha wina -" chochita chiyani "? Kuti apange kampani yopambana bwino, mtsogoleri ayenera kuchita njira ziwiri. Choyamba, kuti tikhale ndi makhalidwe a utsogoleri paokha, ndipo kachiwiri, ogwira ntchito ake kuti ayambitsenso "gene" yofanana ya proactivity. (Mwa njirayi, Stefano Covey m'buku la "Anthu 7 Amaphunziro Opambana" amalitcha kuti proactivity ya imodzi mwa ziyeneretso za munthu wopambana.). Izi si ntchito yopanda malire: Akatswiri a maganizo amaganiza kuti ngati zinthu zakhazikitsidwa, ndiye kuti mkati mwa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu, munthu akhoza kusintha miyezo yake, komanso kuchokera ku gulu la otsatira kutsogolera. Nthawi zonse ndimalankhula mu maphunziro a utsogoleri omwe mtsogoleri yemwe amauza anthu abwino kuti azigwira nawo ntchitoyo ndi abwino, omwe mwa njira zina angakhale apamwamba kwambiri kuposa iye mwa nzeru, ntchito, etc. Ndipo amapatsa anthu kuwala, kotero kuti athe kusonyeza makhalidwe awa m'malo awo.
Malinga ndi njirayi ikupambana, mungasonyeze chitsanzo cha njira ziwiri zotsutsana ndi oyang'anira. Choncho, Pulezidenti wazaka 39 wa ku America Jimmy Carter anagwira ntchito maola 15 mpaka 16, mafunso ambiri sanakhulupirire akuluakulu ake, adayesa kusankha yekha. Pulezidenti wa 40 - Ronald Reagan - anachita chimodzimodzi. Anagwira ntchito kuyambira maola 10 mpaka 16, kuthetsa mavuto enieni okha, ndipo china chilichonse chinaperekedwa kwa gulu la akatswiri a boma, omwe anafunsidwa kwambiri mu maora asanu ndi limodzi. Imeneyi ndi njira ya Reagan yomwe inalola kuti America apange chuma chamtsogolo.
Koma apa pali funso limodzi: momwe mungatsimikizire kuti ogwira ntchitoyi sakuyima "mtsogoleri yemwe mwiniwake, ndipo adawapatsa kuwala kobiriwira? Mtsogoleri, yemwe "adakhala pansi", ndi amene amamuimba mlandu. Choncho, sindinawone zofuna za antchito ndipo sindinawathandize kuzigwiritsa ntchito nthawi, sanakhazikitse nyengo yabwino. Ndipotu, nthawi zambiri timasokoneza maubwenzi ndi otsogolera chifukwa cha nzeru zathu zochepa.
Mawu akuti "nzeru zamalingaliro" pakati pa zaka za m'ma 90 za zana lotsiriza adayambitsidwa ndi American Daniel Goleman. Nzeru zamaganizo ndi kuthekera kwa munthu kutanthauzira zofuna zawo ndi maganizo a ena kuti agwiritse ntchito chidziwitso chomwe adalandira kuti adziwe zolinga zawo. Atafufuza makampani pafupifupi 500 m'mayiko osiyanasiyana kwa zaka 15, adalongosola kuti mtsogoleri wa mtsogoleriyo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa microclimate mu timagulu timagwirizana kwambiri ndi zokolola za ntchito komanso kuti kampaniyo imagwiritsa ntchito anthu opanga nzeru omwe angapange phindu lowonjezera, zomwe tatchulidwa pamwambapa.
Kupita ku Utsogoleri
Kodi mungatani kuti mukhale ndi luso lotsogolera? Kuti mukhale woyambitsa, choyamba muyenera kukumba mu moyo wanu womwe. Muyenera kupeza chifukwa cha kusatetezeka. Khwerero yoyamba ndiyo kubwereza zomwe zinapitilira kale zomwe zinakutsogolerani ku dziko lino. Izi zingakhale zopweteka kwambiri. Khwerero yachiwiri ndi kukhazikitsa cholinga chabwino. (SMART ndifupikitsa yopangidwa kuchokera ku zilembo zazikulu za mawu a Chingerezi: zenizeni, zowoneka, zotheka kuzikwaniritsa, zowonongeka, zowonongeka .Mawu awa akutanthauza njira imodzi yokhazikitsira zolinga zoyenera). Lembani pamapepala zomwe mukufuna kuti mukwaniritse. Zotsatira zake, ndiye kuti, muli, kudzikonza nokha kuti mukwaniritse cholinga ichi. Ndipo sitepe yachitatu ndiyopitirira malire a malo anu otonthoza. Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kudzifotokozera nokha kuti mwakonzeka kuvutika.
Chodabwitsa , kudzikonzekera nokha kuti mukwaniritse cholinga. Ndi chifukwa chakuti munthuyo ayamba kufunafuna njira zoti agwiritsire ntchito. Ndipo chifukwa chake, mawonekedwe atsopano amaonekera. Monga akunena, kugogoda ndipo mutsegulidwa.
Koma ndi kulera kwa utsogoleri, kuyambitsa makhalidwe, mumafunikanso kuthandizidwa kunja, malingaliro abwino a iwo ozungulira. Mwamuna ndi "masamu apakati" a anthu asanu apamtima kwambiri. Choncho, yang'anani mosamala amene akukuzungulira. " Mwa njira, chifukwa chomwecho, akulangizidwa kuti akhale kutali ndi otaika ndi osowa, mwinamwake iwo ayenera kuti aphatikizedwe mu "masamu awo owerengeka. Komabe, kusintha malo anu, kusonkhanitsa anthu omwe angakuthandizeni ndi kukukakamizani, osati kugwetsa, ntchitoyo si yosavuta. Ndipotu, sikuti timasankha, koma ife. Choncho, kuti mupeze anthu "olondola", m'pofunika, poyamba, kuti musinthe.
Ndipo "njerwa" yomalizira pomanga makhalidwe a utsogoleri payekha ndiyo kuphunzira molondola, kuphatikiza zoyembekezera zanu ndi zodzinenera. Mwachidule, kuti mukwaniritse cholinga chachikulu, mumasowa kudzitamandira pang'ono, zopanda pake, kuponyera. Apo ayi, utsogoleri umenewu umasanduka wopweteka, ndipo pamapeto pake, umayamba kuvulaza munthu. Sizongopanda kanthu zomwe akunena kuti anthu onse abwino kwambiri ndi osavuta. Ndipo ngati titsatira malingaliro onse, ndiye aliyense wa ife adzatha kufika pamwamba.