Madzi okongoletsera amakhala ndi michere yomwe imakhudza chakudya. Zilimbikitsidwa mu kanjira ka pancreatic, yomwe imagwirizanitsa ndi ndondomeko yotchedwa bile yomwe imayambira kumtunda kwa m'mimba mwaching'ono (mu duodenum). Mu lumen ya m'matumbo kudzera mu njirayi imabwera mchere wa pancreatic ndi bile kuchokera ku madontho a bile pachiwindi ndi ndulu. Mahomoni opangidwa ndi mphukira amaphatikizapo insulini ndi glucagon. Iwo amalowetsa mwachindunji m'magazi ndi kuyang'anira shuga la magazi. Kodi mungatani kuti mupange khansa yapakhungu komanso mavuto otani?
Zizindikiro za khansa yapakhungu
• Kupweteka kumbuyo, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta usiku.
• Jaundice.
• Kuyabwa (monga odwala a icteric).
• Kulemera kwa thupi.
• Osauka.
• Kutupa.
• Zakudya zamadzi (steatorrhea - zinyama zamitundu yobiriwira, zowonjezera ndi zonunkhira zonyansa).
• Kusokonezeka kwa chimbudzi.
• Zizindikiro za matenda a shuga monga ludzu komanso kutaya kwa mkodzo waukulu. Khansara yotchedwa Pancreatic kawirikawiri imapezeka kuti yayamba kale, chifukwa zizindikirozo sizikhala zosafunikira kwenikweni ndipo zimatha kufanana ndi zikhalidwe zina, mwachitsanzo, matenda a m'mimba. Pa nthawi ya matenda, chifuwachi chimakula mozungulira ziwalo zozungulira - chiwindi, m'mimba, m'matumbo, m'mapapo ndi m'mitsempha. Cholinga chenicheni cha khansa ya pancreatic sichidziwika, koma akukhulupirira kuti chitukuko cha matendawa chikukhudzidwa ndi zifukwa zotsatirazi:
• Kusuta (kubwereza chiopsezo).
• Kutupa kwambiri kwa kaperesa (matenda osapsa matenda).
• Matenda a shuga, makamaka okalamba.
• Zotsatira za kuwonongeka kwa mafakitale ndi DDT (tizilombo).
• Kutulutsidwa kwapadera kwa m'mimba (kutsika kwapadera).
Kuchiza
Khansara yapancreatic imakhala malo asanu mwa zivomezi zoopsa ndipo chiwerengero chikuwonjezeka. Paunyamata, chotupachi chikufala kwambiri mwa amuna kuposa akazi, kenako kusiyana kumeneku kwachotsedwa. Poganizira odwala akukayikira za chifuwa chachikulu, dokotala nthawi zambiri amapeza chikasu cha khungu ndi mazira, chiwindi cha chiwindi ndi ndulu (zowonongeka pamunsi mwa chinsalu choyenera). Chizindikiro chotsiriza chingasonyeze chotupa chonse chomwe chimaphatikizapo mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi amchere. Maphunzirowa akuphatikizapo:
• Kuyezetsa magazi kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa chiwindi.
• Kuyezetsa kwa ultrasound - kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire chotupa, komanso kuteteza kusinthana kwa singano panthawi ya chiwopsezo.
• CT (computed tomography) ndi / kapena MRI (maginito imaging resonance) - perekani chithunzi cha digito cha ziwalo zamkati za m'mimba.
Njira zogwiritsira ntchito - perekani molunjika kwa khoma lamkati la m'mimba.
• ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) ndi phunziro limene chubu lopangidwa ndimatulutsa limatengedwa kudzera pakamwa ndi m'mimba m'mimba mwaing'ono, pambuyo pake chojambulidwa chimayikidwa mu njira yowonongeka yomwe imawombera.
• Laparoscopy - kuyambitsidwa kwa laparoscope m'mimba mwa m'mimba pogwiritsa ntchito kamangidwe kakang'ono ka khoma la m'mimba ndi mwayi wotenga kachilombo. Chithandizo cha khansa ya pancreatic chimadalira zaka za wodwalayo komanso chikhalidwe cha thanzi, kukula kwa chotupa ndi kukula kwake.
Opaleshoni
Ziphuphu zazikuluzikulu zomwe zimachokera ku mitsempha yambiriyi imachiritsidwa mwa kuchotsa lonse kapena gawo la chiwalo. Ndi opaleshoni yaikulu, mbali ya m'mimba ndi m'mimba, ubweya wa ndulu, chikhodzodzo, ndulu ndi maselo amphongo pafupi ndi malo osungunuka akhoza kuchotsedwa. Izi ndizovuta kwambiri, ndikufa pambuyo pake, ngakhale kuti zakhala zikuchepa m'zaka zaposachedwapa chifukwa cha kupititsa patsogolo mankhwala opatsirana ndi opaleshoni. Ndi zotupa zosagwiritsidwa ntchito, mankhwala amauzidwa, m'malo mwake, kuchepetsa zizindikiro. Ngati chotupacho chimapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingathe kuchitapo kanthu kuti tibwezeretse kuwala kwake mwa kukhazikitsa zitsulo panthawi ya ERCP. Chifukwa cha kusokoneza uku, wodwalayo amamasulidwa ndi kuyabwa ndi kuchepa kwa jaundice.
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo
Mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi mankhwala amphongo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupha maselo a kansa ndi kuchepetsa vuto la khansa, koma zotsatira zake zimakhala zochepetsera m'malo mochizira. Mbali yofunika kwambiri ya njira zothandizira ndi zowonjezera zowonjezereka, mwachitsanzo, kukonzekera kwa m'thupi nthawi yaitali morphine; Zipangizo zamakono za mankhwala opereka mankhwala mu pulsed mode angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Zolemba
Malingaliro a pancreatic carcinoma ndi osakondweretsa kwambiri, popeza pafupifupi 80% odwala ali ndi chotupa chomwe chafalikira kale ku maselo a mitsempha pa nthawi ya matenda.
Kupulumuka
Odwala 2% okha omwe ali ndi kansa ya pancreatic amakhalabe ndi moyo zaka zisanu, odwala omwe ali ndi vuto losawonongeka amafa patatha masabata asanu ndi atatu atatha kupeza matenda. Ngati chotupacho chichotsedweratu, zizindikirozi zimakula ndi pafupifupi 10%.