Kukula kwa mbeu m'mabotolo kumapulumutsa malo, komanso njira yabwino ngati muli ndi mthunzi, nthaka yochepa, nthawi yaying'ono, nyengo yosauka, zolemala ndi zochepa. Ndibwino kusamalira, minda yamasamba ndi minda ya ndiwo zamasamba zimapindulitsa kwambiri kuposa zowonongeka. Kuchokera mamita mitala mukhoza kusonkhanitsa 20 - 25 makilogalamu a ndiwo zamasamba. Pewani mavuto ambiri a tizirombo ndi matenda. Chinthu chabwino kwambiri ndi chakuti munda woterewu uli pamtunda, umakhala ndi chiyanjano chokha, chomwe simukukhala mumunda wamba.
Munda wamakina kapena munda umafuna zipangizo zapadera, zitsulo ndi nthaka.
Kodi ndiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chiani? Kusankha katsulo kwa munda wanu wa ndiwo zamasamba kulibe malire. Zitha kukhala pafupifupi zonse zomwe zili ndizing'ono ndipo zili ndi dzenje pansi: Dothi ladongo ndi miphika ya pulasitiki, zidebe, miphika, zidebe, madengu a msondodzi, makina a mitsuko yowitsuka, mabokosi a matabwa ndi mabokosi, nyumba za ana, zidole, malo osambira, mbiya zitsulo zamapulasitiki, zitumba zazikulu, matayala akale ... ndi zina zonse zomwe malingaliro anu angathe ndikupangira bajeti. Mutha kusintha ndi zitsulo zamtundu uliwonse, malingana ndi mtundu wa ndiwo zamasamba zomwe mukufuna kukula. Pakati pa mitundu yonse yomwe mungathe kuganiza, zosangalatsa kwambiri ndi miphika ya pulasitiki ndi mabokosi, zidebe zakale za pulasitiki, matumba a geotek, matumba a polyethylene.
Chomera chomera masamba chingakhale ndalama. Pamabotolo angapo okalamba, munda wamtengo wapatali udzatha. Yang'anani kuzungulira nyumba ndipo onetsetsani kuti mupeze chodzala tomato. Zokwanira pazimenezi ndizitsulo zamapulasitiki zokwana 20 kuchokera pansi pa zipangizo zomangira ndi zakudya. Osagwiritsa ntchito mbale, zomwe poyamba zidasungira mankhwala osadziwika. Kugwiritsira ntchito zinthu zopanda ntchito, kapena kupanga mabotolo oyambirira ofika pa patio ndi mbali yabwino kwambiri ya kulima chidebe. Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito mabokosi ogwiritsira ntchito matabwa, mvetserani kuti nkhuni sizinapangidwenso ndi njira zotetezera ku zowonongeka, magulu a arsenic kapena pentachlorophenol - zoteteza nkhuni. Zinthu zimenezi ndizoopsa kwa zomera ndi anthu. Miyezo ya organic imalola kugwiritsa ntchito mkuwa wambiri.
M'nyengo yozizira, zimbudzi ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kuteteza kutentha kwa mizu.
Muli ndi chiwiya chotani chomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito, onetsetsani kuti pali mabowo pansi kuti mupulumuke kwaulere madzi owonjezera. Mitengo yambiri imakhala ndi chidebe chakuya cha masentimita 15 mpaka 20 kuti chitukuko chikhale chonchi.
Zida zimakhala zolemetsa kwambiri, kotero kuti zitheke zowonongeka, gwiritsani ntchito magalimoto ndi mapulaneti pamagudumu. Zotheka kusankha - bokosi pa odzigudubuza. Izi ndi zothandiza makamaka kwa horticulture mu nyumba kapena pa khonde, pamene mukufunikira kusuntha zomera kumbuyo kwa dzuwa kuti mupeze bwino dzuwa, kapena kuti musamawononge zomera pa chisanu kapena mphepo.
Ngati palibe malo osungirako miphika panthawi yopuma, muli ndi zamasamba ndi minda yomwe mungathe kuchita popanda iwo. Zikwilo zomwe zimabzala zomera zimayikidwa mwachindunji pa nsanja yamaluwa, miyala, miyala, pamwala.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya chidebecho. Choyamba ndi zida zachikhalidwe, izi ndi zomwe mungathe kudzaza dothi lokwanira komanso limene limabowola pansi kuti madzi asatuluke. Njira yachiwiri ndizitsulo zozizira (Self Watering Containers), zomwe zinapezeka pamsika zaka zambiri zapitazo. Ali ndi nkhokwe yosungiramo madzi, choncho musafunike kuthirira tsiku ndi tsiku ndikuonetsetsa kuti madzi amapezeka nthawi zonse kwa zomera. Zili bwino kumadera ozizira pamene kulibe mvula, ndipo zingakhalenso yankho labwino kwa anthu otanganidwa omwe sangathe kulipira tsiku ndi tsiku zomera zawo. Komabe, ngati chidebecho mulibe dzenje la madzi otuluka, mukakhala mulibe nyengo yamvula, zomera zidzafa chifukwa cha chinyezi.
Zambiri za chidebecho.
Kuphika, matabwa, pulasitiki, zitsulo ndi zipangizo zambiri. Mitengo ya polypropylene imatulutsidwa kwambiri ndi nthaka kutentha ndi kuzizira ndipo ndi ofanana ndi miphika ya dongo. Miphika ya Ceramic ndi yokwera mtengo, koma yokongola kwambiri. Mabokosi a matabwa, mipiringidzo ndi chisankho chabwino. Onetsetsani kuti zitsulo zamatabwa zili ndi mabowo. Mutabzala, musalole kuti ziume, chifukwa matabwa adzasweka kapena kutaya mawonekedwe. Miphika yowonongeka imakhala yowuma mu nyengo yozizira, youma. Nthawi zina zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kawiri - chidebe chaching'ono cha pulasitiki chimalowetsedwa mu chidebe chachikulu cha dothi. Danga pakati pa miphika liri ndi mchenga, peat kapena sphagnum, izi zidzathandiza kusunga chinyezi ndi kuteteza mizu kuchokera kutentha. Pamwamba pake, nthaka ikhoza kuyikidwa ndi filimu ya polyethylene kapena wosanjikiza wa mulch organic, imathandizanso kuchepa kwa chinyezi. Mofanana ndi zida zadongo, madengu a willow amauma mofulumira ndipo amayenera kuyang'aniridwa mkatimo asanadze filimu ya polyethylene. Onetsetsani kuti zinthu zomwe zili mu chidebe zimagonjetsedwa ndi mazira a ultraviolet. Makamaka zimakhudzana ndi matumba a polyethylene ndi matumba omwe amapanga polypropylene.
Kukula kwa chidebecho.
Zomera zimakula mumsewu, choncho poyerekeza ndi zomera zodzikongoletsera, zimafuna nthaka yambiri. Kwa munda wamakina kapena m'munda, zitsulo zing'onozing'ono zisagwiritsidwe ntchito. Zitsulo zing'onozing'ono zouma mwamsanga ndipo sizikhazikitsa bata mu nyengo yamphepo, makamaka pamene zomera zapamwamba zakula.
Pakuti zomera zomwe zimabzalidwa m'zinthu zazikulu zimakhala zosavuta kuzisamalira, zimafuna zochepa. Zitsulo zazikulu zingakhale zochepetsetsa nthawi zambiri. M'dothi lalikulu, zolakwitsa zanu panthawi ya kudya sizikhala ndi zotsatirapo zoterezi. Kukula kwa chidebe kumadalira kukula ndi mtundu wa zomera zakula. Zigawo ziwiri ndizofunikira: kuya kwa chidebe ndi voliyumu. Mafuta ochepa: kuchokera pa malita 8 mpaka 10 a zitsamba, masamba anyezi, radish, chard, tsabola, tomato wamtengo wapatali kapena nkhaka, basil, malita 15 mpaka 20 a tomato, nkhaka, biringanya, nyemba, nandolo, kabichi ndi broccoli. Chidebe chachikulu chikhoza kubzala zomera zingapo. Pankhaniyi, ndi kofunika kuti mumwe madzi ndi kudyetsa kawirikawiri. Zomera zokhala ndi mizu yayikulu zidzakhala zofooka ndi zosafunika ngati alibe malo okwanira kuti akonze mizu.
Gwiritsani ntchito zidazo ndi vesi pakati pa 15 ndi 120 malita ndi kutalika kwa masentimita 20. Komabe, musatenge nawo kwambiri kukula kwake. Musaiwale za kulemera. Payekha, chidebe cha pulasitiki cha 20 litawunikira kwambiri. Zodzazidwa ndi gawo la peat lidzalemera 10 - 12 makilogalamu, ndipo linatsanulira makilogalamu 25. Chidebe chomwecho ndi nthaka yamchere chonyowa chimapinda 40 - 50 makilogalamu. Zida zazikulu simungathe kuziyika.