Maluwa amachokera ku madera otentha ndi otentha a m'mapiri a Asia, South America ndi Africa. Adalandira dzina lake kulemekeza Kazembe wa chilumba cha Haiti M. Begon. Kulima kulima, mitundu yowakanizidwa - begonias yokongoletsera komanso yokongoletsa - imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
Kusamalira chipinda cha begonia
Begonia sichikondwera pamene iwo akusokoneza mtendere wawo. Yesani kusuntha chomera kuchoka pamalo amodzi, osachigwiranso. Maluwa amasangalala, pokhala miphika pazenera. Zokongola - ziyikeni pazenera, yomwe ili kum'mwera chakum'maŵa ndi kum'mwera chakumadzulo.
Ali ndi begonias akufunikira chipinda chowala, koma ayenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa. Chonde dziwani, ngakhale kukhala kanthawi kochepa dzuwa kumatulutsa zilonda zoopsa ku zomera.
Mu chisamaliro cha begonia, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa kutentha. Izi ndizochitika makamaka m'nyengo yozizira. Maluwa amenewa ndi otentha kwambiri. Kutentha kwabwino kwambiri kwa iye ndi 18-20 ° C mu masika ndi chilimwe, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira - osati pansi pa 18 ° C.
Mu kutentha kwakukulu, muyenera nthawi zonse ndikutsitsiramo chomeracho, ndipo nthawi yophukira ndi yozizira - moyenera. Begonias salola nthaka yonyowa kwambiri, choncho kuthirira kumakhala kofunika pamene chingwe chapamwamba cha dziko lapansi chouma ndi 1-2 masentimita. Kuyenda kwa madzi, monga kuyanika, kumakhudza kwambiri vuto lawo. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda ndi otsekemera.
Chinyezi ndi chinthu china chofunika kwambiri. Begonia imatsutsana ndi kupopera mbewu. Izi zimayambitsa mawanga ofiira pa masamba. Choncho, nkofunika kuyika zombo pafupi ndi miphika zomwe zingapereke chinyezi chabwino. Kwa nyengo yotentha ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito katayidwe kapena mabokosi ndi peat wothira kapena moss.
Kusindikiza
Kudzalitsa, nthaka yosalala, yowonjezera komanso madzi okwanira adzafunika. Kawirikawiri izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: turf, pepala, humus ndi peat ndi mchenga mu chiŵerengero: 2: 1: 1: 1: 1/3. Onjezerani mossekedwa bwino kwambiri a sphagnum mositolo ku nthaka yomwe idagulidwa mu sitolo.
Ndibwino kuti musamuke kamodzi pakatha zaka ziwiri. Dziko lapansi liyenera kutsanulidwa osati pamwamba pa mphika, koma kuti kenako, pamene mizu yowonjezera ikula, zikhoza kuwonjezedwa. Begoniyu amaika pawindo, ndipo amakula msanga kukhala masamba atsopano. Pakadutsa masiku 40-50 munthu amatha kuyembekezera maonekedwe.
Kubalana
Begonia imakula, malingana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, masamba ndi tsinde, mbewu, kupatulidwa kwa masamba kapena rhizomes. Mitundu yokongoletsera kawirikawiri imadziwika ndi kupatulidwa kwa rhizome. Kuwombera begonias, m'pofunika kudula rhizomes ndi mpeni wakuthwa kwambiri ndikusiya impso imodzi pambali iliyonse. Ndiye muyenera kutsanulira malasha osweka ndi kuika miphika ndi dothi. M'mwezi pali kukula kwakukulu.
Kudula tizilombo
Kusamalira begonias kumaphatikizapo kuwonongedwa kwa tizirombo. Nyongolotsi zomwe zimafala kwambiri maluwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi akangaude. Iwo amakhala kumbuyo kwa mapepala ndipo amamwa juzi zawo. Gonjetsani izi mothandizidwa ndi kupopera mbewu ndi kutsuka pansi pa masamba ndi sopo losasunthika fodya kapena chamomile. Zida zomwe zili ndi pyrethrum kapena tizilombo zimathandizanso kukonza. Kupopera mbewu kumafunika kubwerezedwa mpaka tizirombo tomwe titha kuwonongeka.
Kuti zomera ziphuphu ndi mitundu yowala, ziyenera kukhala ndi umuna nthawi ndi nthawi. Chitani izi 1-2 pa mwezi mukamagwiritsa ntchito njira zenizeni. Zowonjezerapo zokhudzana ndi zigawo za nitrogenous ndizoyenera feteleza zokongola begonias. Koma fanizo lofalikira la zolemba zotere sizigwirizana, chifukwa zimasokoneza maluwa.