Ngati mutawona bwino zikhalidwe zonse za kubzala ku begonia, ndiye kuti zomera zimakhudzidwa pang'ono ndi matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Nthaŵi zambiri matenda ndi tizirombo ta begonias amapezeka mu wowonjezera kutentha komanso pansi pa zovuta.
Matenda omwe angakhudze begonia
Grey kuvunda kumakhudza begonia ndipo imafalikira pa kutentha kwapamwamba ndi chinyezi. Pa masamba, amawombera ndi maluwa a chomeracho madzi amitundu yoyera ndi imvi yamaluwa imapangidwa. Zotsatira zake, mawanga awa ali ndi bulauni wothira zowola. Zomwe zimayambira pa mbeuyi zowola, ndipo masamba amasanduka wakuda ndi kupotoka. Pofuna kuimitsa matendawa, chomeracho chiyenera kupopedwa ndi mankhwala osakaniza mkuwa (2 magalamu a mkuwa sulfate ndi yankho la madzi ndi sopo yotsuka - magalamu 20 pa lita imodzi ya madzi). Ngati pangakhale kuwonongeka kwa maluwa, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito fungicide.
Zowopsa kwa zomera powdery mildew. Zimakhudza zomera zonse (pamwambaground part). Choyamba muwoneke pamasamba a masamba ndi chovala choyera, pambuyo pake chikwangwani chikufalikira ku mbewu yonse. Masamba amawongolera ndikuwuma pang'onopang'ono. Chipinda chimene maluŵa amakula chiyenera kukhala mpweya wokwanira ndi bwino. Pofuna kuthetseratu matendawa, gwiritsani ntchito kupopera mbewu pambewu ndi sopo-sopo phula mumadzi okwanira 20 magalamu ndi 2 magalamu a sulfate. Komanso, mankhwala a soda (pa lita imodzi ya madzi magalamu asanu a soda) amathandizanso. Chomeracho chimapangidwanso ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate (5 magalamu pa 10 malita a madzi).
Pamene begonia ikugonjetsa patchiness ya bakiteriya, madontho aang'ono obiriwira amakhala pamunsi mwa masamba. Ndi kufalikira kwa matendawa, masamba amakhala ofiira, ndipo maluwa ndi petioles a masamba amatembenukira wakuda. Pankhaniyi, zomera zomwe zakhudzidwa ziyenera kuwonongedwa, dothi liyenera kukhala lopatsirizidwa. Pofuna kupewa tizilombo toyambitsa bakiteriya, begonia ayenera kupopedwa ndi kuyimitsidwa kwa mchere kloridi (0.5%). Bwerezani mankhwalawa mu masabata awiri.
Tizilombo toopsa kuti tipezeke
Kwa begonias, matenda ophera tizilombo ndi tizilombo towononga. Ichi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (3-4mm kutalika). Mkaziyo ndi wing'onoting'ono, wosayendayenda, ndi ziwalo zowamwa zowononga. Ikuphimbidwa ndi chitetezo chofiirira chazitsulo. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyendetsa tizilombo toyendetsa tizilombo toyendetsa tizilombo toyendetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Nthaŵi zambiri, tizilombo timakhala m'mitsempha ndi m'mphepete mwa masamba, zimayambira ndi petioles, chifukwa cha masamba omwe ali opunduka ndi opukutira. Ngati tizilombo tafalikira kwambiri, begonia imakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa shuga. Pa zotayika zoterezi, kumenyana ndi mdima ndi zowawa zimatha kufalikira. Chomera chodwalitsa chimakula bwino ndipo chimakula. Mu nyengo ya wowonjezera kutentha, tizirombo timene timabereka chaka chonse, kupereka mibadwo 3-4.
Pakhomo ndi m'munda wamaluwa, zotsatirazi zimatengedwa kuti athetse mastitis. Mwamanja, ndi burashi yofewa, zomera zimatsukidwa ndi kutsukidwa ndi kulowetsedwa kwa pyrethrum kapena adyo (10 magalamu pa lita imodzi ya madzi). Pakapita masabata angapo, mankhwalawa akubwerezedwa. Mu wowonjezera kutentha begonia ndi sprayed ndi yankho la 0.1% hostakvik, 0,1% actinel, 0,2% ya chlorophos. Mankhwalawa amatchulidwanso motsutsana ndi mphutsi pambuyo pa masabata 2-3. Chithandizocho chiyenera kuchitika kuyambira April mpaka September.
Whitefly ndi yoopsa kwambiri ku begonia. Ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amawononga masamba. Mphutsi yomwe imaikidwa ndi yaikazi imayikidwa pambali mwa tsamba. Kuchokera ku begonia iwo amayamwa madzi, motero, masamba amatembenukira chikasu ndikugwa maluwa. Pofuna kuyendetsa whitefly, njira yothetsera madzi (40 magalamu pa lita 10 za madzi) imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Fulutsani chomera nthawi zonse, mpaka tizilombo tiwonongeke.
Achinyamata amawombera, maluwa ndi masamba a begonia amawononga nsabwe za m'masamba, zomwe zimayamwa madzi kuchokera ku zomera. Zotsatira zake, masamba, pamodzi ndi masamba ndi maluwa akugwa. Nsabwe za m'masamba zimalowanso m'munsi mwa masamba, ndikusiya kusungunuka kwa shuga kumbuyo kwawo. Kuteteza tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa kungagwiritsire ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa masamba a mbatata (kwa maola 4, kuumirira kilogalamu ya masamba 10 malita a madzi). Kugwiritsa ntchito nsabwe za m'masamba ndi njira yothetsera sopo (10 malita a madzi 200 magalamu a sopo). Mungagwiritsenso ntchito kulowetsedwa kwa peyala anyezi (10 malita a madzi otentha ndi 200 magalamu a peeled anyezi). Mukhoza kupasuka 10 malita a madzi ofunda ndi 100 magalamu a adyo ndi 100 magalamu a anyezi. Fulumira mbewuyo ndi njirayi ikulimbikitsidwa katatu.