Menyu ya zinyama za chaka chachiwiri cha moyo ndi zosiyana kwambiri ndi zakudya za mwana wa chaka chimodzi. Inde! Ndipotu, ndi nthawi yoti mwanayo apite pang'onopang'ono ku tebulo la "wamkulu".
Banja lidachita chikondwerero chokumbukira tsiku loyamba la mwanayo - lomwe linatulutsa kandulo pa keke ya kubadwa (pakali pano yokha), analandira mulu wa mphatso, anamva mawu ambiri okoma kuchokera kwa alendo ... Kodi mankhwala othandiza kwa ana a zaka zitatu omwe angasankhe ndi chiyani? Anthu apanyumba tsopano akuwona momwe mwanayo amayamba kusintha tsiku ndi tsiku, osati kunja ... Monga momwe ana adanenera, nthawi imeneyi imakhala ndi kukula kwa mwana.
Matenda a m'mimba amayamba kusintha mwakhama, koma amakhalabe opanda ungwiro. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha ntchito yosakwanira yopangidwira, yomwe imayambitsa mapuloteni, mafuta ndi zakudya.
Ndicho chifukwa chake zakudya za ana zimalimbikitsa makolo kupereka zofunikira za zakudya ndi zakudya kwa mwana wa chaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Ndiponsotu, bungwe losaphunzira la zakudya za mwana zingayambitse mavuto aakulu akalamba. Mwachitsanzo, kusowa kwachitsulo kungayambitse kuchepa kwa kukula kwa maganizo a mwana ali wamng'ono, kuthekera kukumbukira ndi kuganizira kwambiri zaka za sukulu.
Kuperewera kwa ayodini kumabweretsa chisokonezo cha mapangidwe a chithokomiro, kuchedwa kwa chitukuko cha neuropsychiatric, kuchepetsa chitetezo chokwanira. Kuperewera kwa kashiamu ndi vitamini D zili ndi zotsatira zosautsa phungu. Mwa njira, zimatsimikiziridwa kuti calcium imayikidwa mwamphamvu m'mafupa ali mwana, nthawi ya kukula. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti mwanayo alandira zowonjezera zonse zofunika komanso nthawi yomweyo amaletsa kuwonjezera kwa ena, zakudyazo ziyenera kukhala zosiyanasiyana.
Mapuloteni apamwamba , chitsulo, zinc, mavitamini B2 ndi B6 amapangitsa nyama kukhala chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa zakudya za mwana wa chaka chachiwiri. Mu nyama, mosiyana ndi zina zomwe zimachokera ku zinyama, chitsulo n'chosavuta kudya (makamaka ng'ombe ndi Turkey). Kuphika zitsamba kungakhale nyama zamtundu uliwonse: zowonda, nkhuku, nkhumba, nkhuku, kalulu - mwa mawonekedwe a cutlets, stewed kapena owiritsa. Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, cutlets ayenera kutenthedwa kapena kutsekedwa mu poto (popanda kutumphuka kotsika!). Koma olemera a broths nyama, makamaka pa mafupa, ana a chaka chachiwiri cha moyo sali okonzedwa. Mwatsoka, palibe mapuloteni, palibe mchere wamchere, palibe mavitamini omwe amapita mu msuzi. Koma pamasewera a ana a zaka zapakati pa 1,5-3 kumaphunziro a sukulu amodzimodzi ndi msuzi pa nkhuku kapena msuzi wa nyama. Akatswiri a zamaphunziro ali ndi malingaliro osiyana ponena za mbale iyi - pali chimodzi chophatikizidwa chimodzimodzi mmenemo, ndipo, panthawi yomweyi, kuchepetsa zinthu zomwe zimatchedwa zinthu zowonjezera. Kumbali imodzi, amachititsa chidwi chokhumba, kupereka chakudya chapadera ku zakudya zoyamba, pazinthu zina - zinthu zina zimapanga kuchulukitsa mavitamini a m'mimba, ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti zipsinjo zowonongeka za mwana zisokonezeke ndipo zingayambitse kugwira ntchito yawo. Chifukwa chomwecho, ana samapatsidwa mafuta ndi nyama zosiyanasiyana nyama. Zakudya zothandiza mwana kwa zaka zitatu zitha kukhala nyama ya mafuta ochepa, zipatso zosiyanasiyana ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi timadziti.
Zogulitsa
Mu majekeseni (chiwindi, mtima, lirime), poyerekeza ndi nyama, mlingo wa mapuloteni ndi chitsulo ndi wotsika, koma zomwe zili ndi micronutrients (zinki, mkuwa, manganese) zomwe zimapezeka mu hematopoiesis ndizitali. Choncho, amatha kulangizidwa kwa ana omwe ali ndi hemoglobin yachepa. Koma kuchuluka kwa mafuta ndi zowonjezereka m'zinthu zamakono ndizokwanira, choncho sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kokha m'masiku 7-10.
Gulu losiyana la zinthu zopangidwa ndi nyama ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya soseji, soseji ndi soseji. Kwa ana a sukulu ya msinkhu wa msinkhu, mankhwala opangidwa ndi soseji apadera apangidwa, omwe amapangidwa malinga ndi mapangidwe apadera, ndi zofunikira zowonjezera kuti zipangizo zikhale bwino. Koma m'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo, kugwiritsa ntchito ngakhale zida zosafunika kumakhala kosasintha. Chizoloŵezi cha nyama zachilengedwe tsiku lililonse kwa mwana wosapitirira zaka 2 ndi 60-70.
Monga nyama, nsomba ndi gwero la mapuloteni apamwamba, chitsulo ndi vitamini B12. Nsomba zam'madzi zili ndi ayodini wambiri ndi fluoride, palinso zitsulo, koma zimayika kwambiri. Mafuta a nsomba ali apamwamba kwambiri pa chakudya chamtengo wapatali. Izi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kukhalapo kwa mafuta a polyunsaturated mafuta ochuluka m'kalasi la Omega-3. Amagwira ntchito yofunikira pa chitukuko cha ziwalo za ubongo, ziwalo za masomphenya, chitetezo chokwanira, kayendedwe ka madzi. Pazinthu za ana, mitundu yowonda ya nsomba - cod, haddock, ndi pike-nsomba ndi yabwino. Mtengo wa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi wofanana ndi nyama. Zakudya za nsomba zakonzedwa kawiri pa sabata, m'malo mwa nyama. Nsomba zamchere ndi ma caviar sizigwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza mbale kwa ana a chaka chachiwiri cha moyo chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa mchere mwa iwo, ndi nsomba (nkhanu, shrimps, trepangs, squids, lobsters, etc.) - zinthu zowonjezera. Kupatulapo ndi kelp (nyanja kale). Saladi kuchokera kwa ilo ikhoza kuperekedwa kwa mwana wa zaka 1.5-2 (20-25 g). Koma ana okhala ndi impso akulephera kupatsidwa kelp mosamala.
Mazira
Mazira ali ndi mapuloteni odzaza ndi zamoyo zonse - zabwino ndi zomwe zili ndi amino acid. Komanso, ali ndi mavitamini A, D, B2, beta-carotene. M'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo mwanayo akhoza kudya mazira awiri pa tsiku kapena mazira 2-3 pa sabata. Mazira owopsa sangathe kudyedwa.
M'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo wa mwanayo, ndibwino kuti apitirize kugwiritsa ntchito mkaka wapadera wa khanda, kefir, yogurt. Pafupi ndi zaka ziwiri, mutha kufotokozera zazhenka ndi varenets. Kuchuluka kwa mkaka, komanso mankhwala a mkaka wowawasa, patsiku ayenera kukhala osachepera 500 ml. Kuwonjezera apo, tchizi - pafupifupi 5 magalamu, kirimu wowawasa - 10 magalamu, batala - magalamu 20, kanyumba tchizi - 50 magalamu patsiku (kapena mawonekedwe a casseroles, syrnikov 100-200 magalamu, kangapo pa sabata). Zakudya zakumwa za mkaka zisamakhale zazikulu: mkaka - mpaka 3.2%, kanyumba tchizi - mpaka 9%, kirimu wowawasa - mpaka 20%.
Zakudyazi zimapanga gawo la mkango wa chakudya cha mwana - mpaka 70%, amapatsa mwana mphamvu.
Ana ang'ono angadye mkate wa tirigu ndi rye. Zosafunika - zonse-tirigu. Mtengo wodulidwa wa mkate mu chakudya cha zaka zitatu zoyambirira ndi 15-20 g rye ndi 50-60 g tirigu. Ndalama zamtengo wapatali za pasta ndizo zopangidwa kuchokera ku tirigu wa durumu. Zili ndi mapuloteni apamwamba ndi mavitamini.
Zina mwa zakudya, buckwheat ndi oat zimakonda. Zili ndi mapuloteni ambiri, amchere (magnesium, zinki, mkuwa), mavitamini. Mpunga ndi wabwino - ndizoposa mbewu zina, chakudya. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kugula chimanga - pamtengo wapatali, umabwera pafupi ndi mpunga. Koma mtengo wa semolina ndi waung'ono, koma chifukwa cha kukoma kwake, nthawi zina ukhoza kupezeka patebulo la ana. Kuwonjezera apo, ndi zofunika kwambiri pa casseroles. Kuonjezera zakudya zake zimathandizira kuwonjezera zipatso ndi zipatso zouma. Osagwiritsiridwa ntchito pa mbale za ana (mpaka zaka zitatu) ngale ya barele ndi balere. Millet imavomereza, koma ndizofunikira pampaniyi ndi mpunga kapena dzungu.
Mu chakudya cha ana a chaka chachiwiri cha moyo mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito masamba obiriwira. Popatula awo lakuthwa oimira - radish, radish. Kukonzekera koyamba, mbale yachiwiri ndi mchere umatha kugwiritsa ntchito masamba, zipatso ndi zipatso. Pa tsiku limene mwanayo adzalandira 300 gm ya masamba ndi 150 g zipatso. Zipatso zouma zimagwiritsidwa ntchito patapita chaka monga gawo la mbewu, zakudya zamagetsi, zinyama, zamchere. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa zipatso zouma sikuyenera kupitirira 50 g pa sabata.
Nyemba
Ndicho chitsime cha mapuloteni apamwamba komanso amino acid ofunikira. Makamaka mapuloteni ambiri mu soya. Kuchepetsa gassing pogwiritsa ntchito nyemba kungakhale, ngati yophika bwino ndipo ngati n'kotheka kumasula khungu. Mu zakudya za mwana wa zaka zoyambirira za moyo, nandolo ndi nyemba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, komanso zakudya zamakono za mkaka ndi tchizi. Zakudya zina za soya kwa ana sizilangizidwa.
Zakudya zokadya
Mafuta a masamba amasiyana ndi omega-6 ndi omega-3 fatty acids, komanso mavitamini E. Omega-6 fatty acids amapezeka m'mafuta onse a masamba, kotero palibe chosowa. Omega-3 acid soy okha, rapesed ndi mafuta odzola ndi olemera. Vitamini E yochuluka mu mafuta a soya. Mankhwala a masamba a tsiku ndi tsiku kwa ana osapitirira zaka zitatu - 5-7 g (izi ndi 1-2 teaspoonfuls).
Shuga ndi confectionery
Ana amatha chaka chimodzi osadwala matendawa, mungapereke uchi (1-2 masupuni 2-3 pa sabata). Kuchokera ku chipinda chodyera kwa ana pambuyo pa chaka kumaphatikizapo marshmallow, pastille, marmalade, kupanikizana, kupanikizana, kupanikizana, makeke, kuchuluka kwa 10-15 magalamu patsiku. Chokoleti ndi zinthu zomwe zimachokera kwa izo sizipereka ana kwa zaka zitatu. Ngakhale kuti ndikumwa kosavuta, nthawi zina imaphatikizapo m'mabwalo a ana opanga mafakitale.
Kumwa
Odziwika kwambiri ndi timadziti, compotes, kissels, zakumwa za zipatso. Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ndi ana apadera kapena apakhomo. Musaiwale kuti kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso wa zipatso zotere kumatha kumasulidwa, choncho ndalama zawo siziyenera kupitirira 200-300 ml pa tsiku. Kissel sagwiritsidwa ntchito kuposa 1-2 pa sabata.
Pafupifupi zaka ziwiri mu zakudya za ana zimaphatikizapo tiyi yofiira ndi yobiriwira. Patapita chaka mukhoza kupereka mwana wanu zakumwa kuchokera ku chicory. Ndi mkaka, kumwa izi ndi chokoma kwambiri. Pambuyo pa zaka 1-1,5, zinyenyeswazi zingaperekedwe ku kaka, koma m'mawa, chifukwa zimayambitsa ntchito ya mantha ndi mtima wa mtima. Koma koka ndi tiyi ndi bwino kusamwa pambuyo pa mbale zakudya, chifukwa zinthu zomwe zili mkati mwake zimachepetsa kuyamwa kwa chitsulo.
Mchere ndi zonunkhira
Mbali yaikulu ya mchere imalowa m'thupi la mwanayo ndi mankhwala ochiritsira. Mlingo wa mchere umakhala ndi zinyenyeswazi ndi 0.5-1 g patsiku. Mwachidule, chakudya cha mwanacho chiyenera kuikidwa mchere kuti ziwoneke kuti sizinali mchere. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito mchere wa iodizedwa ndikuphika chakudya cha ana. Kuchokera ku zonunkhira, muzitsulo zochepa kwambiri, mungagwiritse ntchito tsabola wokoma ndi woyera, tsamba la basil, basil, thyme, coriander, marjoram, rosemary ndi tsabola wokoma.