Angina ndi matenda osangalatsa komanso osadziwika bwino.
Kumbali imodzi: angina alipo mu mabuku onse ofotokoza zachipatala, ambiri akhala nawo, ambiri amadziwa kuti ngati "ziphuphu zinawonjezeka ndi kuzimeza mopweteka" - izi ndizozikulu kwambiri. Kumbali ina, palibe angina mu matenda amitundu yapadziko lonse (ICD-10). Chododometsa? Ayi ndithu.
Mfundo ndi yakuti angina ambiri. Zolondola kwambiri, kwambiri. Mitundu ingapo ingathe kuwerengedwa popanda kusiya malo. Chizoloŵezi chofala chomwe chimagwirizanitsa zonsezi ndizokhazikitsidwa pokhapokha pazochitika mwapadera machitidwe a lymphatic otchedwa tonsils.
Tidzakonza zochepa kuti tizimvetsetse bwino: ndi chiyani, ndi chifukwa chiyani timafunikira.
Chitetezo
Chitetezo chokwanira, ndiko kuti, chitetezo cha thupi lathu, lingalirolo latambasuka kwambiri. Amayimira maselo, ziphuphu, komanso ziwalo zina zapadera. Minofu yomwe ili ndi zotetezera ndi maselo amatchedwa lymphoid. Mu thupi muli malo angapo a momwe amachitira. Phiri ndi imodzi mwa iwo.
Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zakunja kumabwera ku thupi lathu kudzera m'mphuno ndi pakamwa - apa ndi mpweya, ndi madzi, ndi zakudya, ndi zina zambiri zomwe sizowonongeka. Adani okonda nkhanza ali opambana kuti asapangidwe zopanda phindu pamayendedwe akutali, osalola. Ichi ndi cholinga cha mapangidwe apadera apakhosi, omwe amatchedwa tonsils.
Mataniyoni ndi "mitsempha" yotseguka. Pazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito minofu, pali chithunzithunzi chapamwamba cha kutetezera thupi mu mawonekedwe ofanana ndi minofu ya lymphoid. Pali matayoni ambiri: pepala la palatines, lingual (pamtunda wa lilime), pharyngeal (kumbuyo kwa khoma la pharynx), mapaipi awiri a tubal (pakhomo lolowera kumapangidwe apamwamba kumbuyo kwa pharynx). Makina onsewa amatchedwa mphete ya Pirogov-Valdeier.
Ife, pachiyambi, timakondwera ndi matani a palatine, nthawi zina amatchulidwa kuti "glands". Padziko lonse lapansi, iwo amangokhala pamapangidwe a palatine - mapepala a mucous membrane, omwe amachokera muzu wa lirime kupita kumalo otsika (choncho dzina). Ma toni amenewa ndi aakulu kwambiri, ali m'dera lawo lomwe sewero lotchedwa "angina" likuwonekera.
Mwa njira, amygdala mu Chilatini amawoneka ngati tonsila, kotero kutupa kwake kudzatchedwa "tonsillitis". Pano pansi pa dzina la ma tonsillitis ovuta ndipo angina athu amakhala mu ICD-10.
Alendo osalandiridwa
Chofunika kwambiri cha toniillitis yosavuta n'chakuti: chitukuko cha zotupa zomwe zimayambira pofika pamatenda a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zikhoza kukhala mabakiteriya, mavairasi, bowa, motero, angina adzakhala mabakiteriya, mavairasi kapena fungal.
Palinso mitundu ya angina mu matenda oopsa a mwazi, koma m'nkhalango yotero sitiyenera kugwiritsira ntchito, tiyima pa njira yothetsera matenda.
Choncho, pakati pa mabakiteriya omwe ali otchuka kwambiri ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a strep throat ndi streptococci. Pafupifupi 80-90% ya matulisitis a acute ndi streptococcal. Kawirikawiri, chifukwa cha matendawa ndi staphylococci kapena pneumococci. Ngakhale kawirikawiri pa ntchito ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kupanga timadzi ta tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndiyeno timapanga angina aakulu kwambiri a Simanovsky-Plaut-Vincent.
Chinthu chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi chakuti angina amatha kupititsidwa osati kokha ndi madontho amadzimadzi, komanso chifukwa cha zakudya, chifukwa mkaka womwewo kapena mbatata yosenda ndizobwino zogwiritsira ntchito staphylococci kapena streptococci.
M'tsogolomu, tikakambirana za angina, tidzakhala ndi malingaliro otchuka a streptococcal, chifukwa amapezeka kwambiri.
Kusamvana kwa chidwi
Ntchito ya streptococcus ndiyo kulowa mu thupi la munthu ndi kupindula pamenepo ndi chinachake chokoma. Ntchito ya chitetezo cha mthupi sichiyenera kuphonya malo osungira malo opatulika ndikuchotseratu ndi malire ochepa. Pali kutukuta - ndiko, kuchitapo kanthu kwanuko kumayambitsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kutupa kwa tonsils kumawonetseredwa makamaka mu ubweya wawo (kuthamanga kwa magazi) ndi kuwonjezeka (edema). Ichi ndi chithunzi chomwecho chomwe mungathe kuchiwona potsegula pakamwa panu pamaso pa galasi ndikudziuza nokha "Ah-ah-ah-ah-ah." Mlingo wa kuwonjezeka kwa tonizi ukhoza kukhala wosiyana - pang'onopang'ono iwo amatha kuyang'ana pa chithunzi cha palatine, ndipo pamtunda omwe amasankhidwa m'kamwa mwachindunji ndikugwirana. Chifukwa cha kutupa m'matoni, tili ndi zizindikiro zazikulu za angina - pakhosi pakummeza, ndipo nthawi zina ngakhale kusakhoza kumeza kanthu, ngakhale mphutsi.
Mwa njira, kwa pakhosi pamtima rhinitis, chifuwa kapena "pansi" mawu siwonekedwe. Zizindikirozi zikhoza kuyankhula za ARVI kapena matendawa.
Mzere wotsatira wa chitetezo ndi dera. Ndi ma angina, amadziwika ngati kuwonjezeka ndi kupweteka kwa ma-lymph nuclei. Zingatheke kumapeto kwa nsagwada zam'munsi - kuzungulira kuzungulira mtola kapena pachimake cha hazeluti.
Malire otsiriza ndi zamoyo. Kuyankha kwa intrusion ya streptococcus - fever (mpaka 39 ° C), chills, misous aches, malaise, kufooka, chifuwa, ndi zizindikiro zina za kumwa mowa kwambiri zomwe zimamaliza chithunzi cha matenda a angina.
Miyeso itatu
Angina ndi ndondomeko. Ndipo ngati sangasokoneze, nthawi zambiri amadutsa mitundu yonse.
Chilichonse chimayamba ndi khungu la pakhosi. Mitambo yowonjezereka ndi yofiira, kutuluka pang'ono kutentha, kupweteka pang'ono pamene imameza. Phokoso lachilendo likuchedwa panthawi imeneyi, komanso odwala enieniwo samapereka zizindikiro izi nthawi zonse.
Mapuloteni amtundu ndi mawonekedwe omwe amapezeka kwambiri. Dzinali limagwirizanitsidwa ndi maonekedwe pa pamwamba pa mapepala a zovuta za pus, zomwe zimatchedwa follicles. Pano ife tiri ndi chithunzi chonse cha angina, kuphatikizapo kutentha thupi ndi zizindikilo zina.
Ngati simukuthandizira, ndondomekoyi idzapitirira, ndipo pus anayamba kudzaza mapepala a matani. Angina adzalowera ku lacunar.
Matenda a mitsempha amayamba kuchepa kwambiri, ndipo amatanthawuza kuti kusungunuka kwa matani, kutembenuka kwa kutupa kumatenda ozungulira, kutentha kwa 41 ° C, zomwe sizigwirizana ndi moyo.
Chithandizo
Dokotala ayenera kuchiza angina. Kudzipiritsa pazomweku sikunali kovomerezeka, koma ndi koopsa, komwe kanthawi kochepa. Matendawa ayenera kutsimikiziridwa ndi kachipatala kafukufuku (kusambira ku mphuno ndi pharynx). Chowonadi ndi chakuti matenda oopsa kwambiri, mwachitsanzo, diphtheria, akhoza kupereka chithunzi chomwecho.
Mankhwala amakono ali ndi zonse zofunika kuti apulumutse munthu kuchokera kumtima. Chithandizo chachikulu ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, omwe amasankhidwa ndikuganizira za mphamvu ya microflora.
Ndikofunika kusunga mosamala malamulo onse a dokotala ndipo popanda njira iliyonse kuti musachepetse mankhwala. Apo ayi, mukhoza kukula chilombo choopsa komanso chosagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala.
Zotsatira zotheka
Tsopano ponena za chinthu chofunika kwambiri - zomwe angina ndizoopsa kwambiri, ndi chifukwa chake madokotala akuyenera kusunga angina odwala, kuyesa mayeso, kutenga electrocardiogram ndikupanga maphunziro ena.
Chowonadi ndi chakuti streptococci ndi alendo osangalatsa kwambiri. Amakhala otanganidwa kwambiri, amatenga thupi, ndipo amachititsa kuti thupi lathu liwonongeke. Mavuto aakulu kwambiri ndi a rheumatism (ndi kuwonongeka kwa mtima ndi mgwirizano) ndi glomerulonephritis (kugonjetsedwa kwa chipangizo cha glomerular cha impso). Matenda awiriwa ndi ovuta kwambiri kupeŵa kusiyana ndi kuchiza mtsogolo.
Ndicho chifukwa chake palibe chifukwa choyenera kuti musiye mankhwala, kubwereranso ku katundu wammbuyo, ngakhale mkhalidwe wa thanzi ukhale wabwino pa tsiku lachitatu-4 la matenda. Angina - matenda omwe amachititsa manyazi komanso osasamala sangakhululukire.
Kulingalira kwa angina mwa anthu ndi pafupifupi 10-15 peresenti. Ndipo achinyamata (mpaka zaka 30) ali pachiopsezo cha matenda. Izi zimachokera ku zokhudzana ndi zaka zomwe zimagwira ntchito pa chitetezo cha mthupi.