Tikukhala m'zaka zovuta zogwira ntchito zamakono komanso zamakono, ndipo zinthu zosayenerera zimakhala zikuwonjezeka chaka ndi chaka. Pali zitsanzo zambiri zomwe zimatsimikizira izi - kuwonjezeka kwa kuipitsidwa kwa mpweya, madzi komanso zakudya zamagetsi sizinsinsi. Koma aliyense wa ife akufuna kukhala wathanzi ndi kukhala ndi ana abwino, ndipo pa izi timafunikira zakudya zachilengedwe komanso zoyera. Kodi alipo? Kodi angapezeke kuti ndi momwe angasankhire molondola? Zonsezi zidzakambidwa pansipa.
Zaka zaposachedwapa, zomwe zimatchedwa "organic products" - zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba - zayamba kuoneka m'magalimoto akuluakulu, omwe sali okongola kwambiri, ndipo amakhala ndi maulendo afupipafupi komanso pamtengo wokwanira kawiri wa zinthu zomwezo pamsika. Mosakayikira, funsoli limayamba: "Kodi ndi bwino kulipira kawiri kapena katatu mtengo wapamwamba wa mankhwala omwewo ndipo amatipatsa chiyani?" Yankho liri losakaniza. Koma chinthu chimodzi chimveka - ichi ndi chakudya chachilengedwe komanso choyera. Ndipo ziri kwa inu kusankha ngati mugule kapena ayi.
Kodi muyenera kudziwa chiyani za chakudya cha organic?
Mkhalidwe wa zakudya zakutchire, zachilengedwe kapena "bio" zimakhala chimodzimodzi: Zimakula popanda kuthandizidwa ndi ma genetic, mankhwala ophera tizilombo, feteleza za nthaka ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimateteza ku tizilombo kapena zokolola zochepa. Zogulitsa zoterezi zodzaza ndi kusungidwa m'njira yomwe sizimasokoneza kukoma kwawo. N'zachidziwikire kuti zakudya zachilengedwe ndi zachilengedwe zimathandiza kwambiri. Zilibe zowonjezereka zowonjezera mavitamini kapena zowonongeka. Palibenso chiopsezo chotengera ku thupi la mitundu yonse ya "chemistry" ndi zina zowonjezera.
Kafukufuku wina amasonyeza kuti zakudya zakuthupi zili ndi mchere wochuluka, mavitamini komanso zinthu zogwira ntchito zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi mankhwala. Izi ndi zofunika, chifukwa zimachokera ku zakudya (zomera kapena nyama) zomwe thupi limalandira zowonjezera zofunika kwambiri. Ndipo zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito zomwe zatenthedwazo zimayikidwa mwachindunji ndi zikhalidwe zomwe zinapangidwa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mbatata inkapwetekedwa ndi Colorado mbatata kachilomboka ndipo analandira mahomoni oonjezera kuti apititse patsogolo kukula - mankhwalawa sangakhale othandiza kwambiri kwa anthu. Pambuyo pake, zinthu zonse zovulaza zasungidwa mmenemo.
Zakudya zamakono komanso zachilengedwe zimakhala ndi zokhazokha zokha. Ngati kulipo kwa zinthu zakuthupi, ndiye kuti peresenti ya iwo kuchokera ku chiwerengero cha mankhwala ndi zosakaniza zikhale organic. Ku US ndi Australia, chiwerengero cha "chilengedwe" cha mankhwalachi chiyenera kukhala osachepera 95%. Ku Russia mpaka pano, 90% zachilengedwe ndi zoyera zimaloledwa.
Mu American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, pulogalamu inafalitsidwa yomwe ikuphatikizapo kufufuza kwa maphunziro opitirira 160 omwe anachitidwa zaka 50 zapitazi. Malinga ndi iye, pali kusiyana kwakukulu ngati mumadya chakudya cha zakudya kapena zakudya zomwe zimasinthidwa. Pakhala pali maphunziro ochuluka omwe sanasonyeze kusiyana kwa zakudya, koma adapeza kuti chakudya chokwanira ndi 60% kuposa zakudya zina. Phunziro latsopano, lomwe linaphunzitsidwa ku yunivesite ya Newcastle, linasonyeza kuti zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zimaphatikizapo makumi anayi oposa antioxidants kuposa ochiritsira. Kuonjezera apo, maapulo okoma ndi okoma kwambiri komanso amakhala ndi alumali wabwino poyerekeza ndi chikhalidwe chawo. Chitsanzo china chikuwonetsa kuti tomato ya mavitamini ali ndi mavitamini oposa awiri ndipo amatsanzira zinthu kuposa tomato. Ndipotu, zakudya zoyenera zamoyo zimakhala ndi zakudya zabwino kwambiri. Kupezeka kwa zowonjezereka ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri kuti tikhale ndi moyo wathanzi.
Samalani posankha zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba
Pofuna kukhala ndi moyo wautali wazitali komanso kusintha maonekedwe ndi kuonjezera phindu kuchokera kuzipangidwe, opanga akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri (kufulumizitsa kukula), maantibayotiki (kwa nthawi yaitali yamatabwa), ndi njira zamakono zopangira mavitamini (chifukwa chokula zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zosaoneka bwino kwa iwo). Zambiri mwa zinthuzi zimalowa m'thupi, zomwe zimayambitsa vuto losagwirizana ndi thanzi. Kafukufuku wa zachipatala amasonyeza kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwakukulu kwa zinthu zakuthupi kumabweretsa kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha matenda monga khansara, shuga ndi nyamakazi. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mphamvu ya mpweya woipa, madzi ndi moyo wokhala ndi moyo wapansi unaphatikizidwa - chifukwa chake, ziwonekeratu ndipo, mwatsoka, zimadetsa nkhawa.
Ambiri odyetsa akulangizidwa kukhala osamala posankha zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. Mankhwala ophera tizilombo tochepa kwambiri amapezeka mu katsitsumzukwa, avocado, nthochi, broccoli, kolifulawa, chimanga, kiwi, mango, anyezi, nandolo wobiriwira, papaya ndi chinanazi. Choncho, mlingo wapamwamba wa mankhwala ophera tizilombo mu maapulo, udzu winawake, yamatcheri, mphesa, yamapichesi, mapeyala, mbatata, sipinachi ndi strawberries.
Malingana ndi ziwerengero ...
Zakudya zapanyama zimaphatikizapo 1-2% ya chiwerengero cha chakudya cha padziko lonse ndipo pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezereka kwa malonda awo m'mayiko otukuka komanso m'mayiko omwe ali ndi chitukuko chopita patsogolo. Kugulitsidwa kwa dziko lonse kwa zakudya zachilengedwe ndi zoyera kunakula kuchokera $ 23 biliyoni mu 2002 kufika pa $ 70 biliyoni mu 2010.
Msika wadziko lonse wa zakudya wakhala wochuluka ndi 50% kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1990 ndipo ma volume akugulitsa akupitiriza kukula. Potsirizira pake, pafupifupi zaka makumi atatu ndi zitatu famu iliyonse idzapangika mankhwala abwino - popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera zowonjezeredwa kapena zowonjezera mavitamini. Zokolola sizingakhale zapamwamba kwambiri, koma kukoma, kununkhira, komanso chofunika kwambiri kuti zakudya zamagetsi zikhale zamtengo wapatali. Mwina kufunika kwa mankhwala opangidwa ndi organic si mapeto mwa iwo wokha, ndi chabe chiwonetsero cha chirengedwe cha umunthu cha thanzi ndi moyo wautali.