Nkhanu: Mbiri, mbiri, momwe mungasankhire

Ku Russia, nkhanu zinayamba pafupifupi kutchuka kwambiri. Ntchito yaikulu, makamaka, idasewedwera ndi kuti munthu akhoza kukonzekera mwamsanga chinachake kuchokera kwa iwo, popeza mankhwalawa ndi okonzeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa nthiti za nkhanu sizingatchedwe kuti ndi mankhwala osakwanira.


Mbiri ya nkhanu

Kodi iwo anabwera liti ndi timitengo ta nkhanu? Ndani anapanga timitengo? Nsonga za Crab zinapangidwa ndi a Japan - nthawizonse amapanga zokondweretsa zambiri ndi zatsopano, ndipo "zonse zachilendo" izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dziko lonse lapansi ndikufuula: "Chabwino, ndizo!". Mwachidziwikire, a ku Japan anapanga timitengo ta nkhanu kwa nthawi yayitali, kapena kuti, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 12. Panthawi imeneyo, nsomba za ku Japan zinayamba kupanga nyemba zoyera, zomwe zimatchedwa "surimi". Pa nthawiyi, mankhwala osungunuka, koloboks-anali okonzeka kuchoka ku chovala choyera ichi. Kenaka mankhwalawa ankaswedwa, ankaphika, ankawotcha ndi kuwonjezera kwa zida zawo za ku Japan. Pakati pa anthu omwe amakonda kwambiri nsomba zofiirira - "kamaboko."

Patapita nthaŵi, a ku Japan anayamba kuyesa kutumiza katundu uyu, koma msika wa "luso" sanavomerezedwe. Anthu a m'mayiko akumadzulo amati mipira ya surimi imawoneka ngati mphira ndi kukoma kwa sopo komanso kuti agalu sangagwiritse ntchito.

Koma m'zaka za m'ma 2000, zonse zinasintha kwambiri-chochokera ku surimi chinakondana ndi dziko lonse lotukuka. Koma chinsinsi cha kupambana koteroko ndi chiyani? Ndipo kupambana kunali kuti mu mafakitale a zakudya m'mayiko ambiri panthawiyo, zowonjezera zakudya monga cacaromatizers, dyes, zopatsa mphamvu zowonjezera, ndi zipatso zina za zokhudzana ndi sayansi zinayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Panthawi imeneyi, mankhwala a surimi, omwe amamveka bwino kwa anthu ochepa, adabwereranso ku timitengo ta "nkhanu" zomwe zimadziwika lero (kunyenga nyama).

Mitengo ya nkhanu yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ku Ulaya, America, Russia, ndi Japan, monga kale, chirichonse chinkayenda mofanana - gawo la nkhono palochezes ya zopangidwa zonse zomwe zapangidwa kuchokera ku surimi akaunti kwa khumi peresenti.

Kuchokera ku ndondomeko ya krayoni

Pokonzekera surimi m'zaka za zana la 12, nsomba zapamwamba zinagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zinali zowonongeka ndi chilengedwe. Pakalipano, si mitundu yabwino ya nsomba yomwe imasinthidwa, nthawi zambiri kukonzekera ndi whitefish, mwachitsanzo, buluu whiting, haddock, pollock, nsomba, hake. Zophika nsomba zimatsukidwa koyamba, kupukuta, kenako kuchotsa chinyezi chowonjezera chimadutsa mu centrifuge. Zotsatira zake ndi misala, ndiye shuga, wowuma ndi mchere amawonjezeredwa - zimakhala ngati surimi. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti mabungwe ogulitsa chakudya cha ku Russian omwe sagwiritsa ntchito surimi, amasankha kugula kunja - ku US, Canada, Argentina, ndipo pomwepo amakhala akukonzekera timitengo tachisawawa.

Mu surimi, zowonjezera zowonjezera zimaphatikizidwanso: dzira loyera, mafuta a masamba, wowonjezera, masamba a masamba, stabilizers, oyeretsa, madzi oyeretsedwa, thickeners, utoto wofiira wofiira (monga caramine kapena carrageenan) ndi opatsa mphamvu. Choncho, nsomba za nsomba zimakhala zokwanira 45 peresenti, koma nthawi zambiri mankhwalawa alibe mankhwala oposa 25% a nsomba za minced, ndipo izi zimaonedwa ngati chiwerengero chofanana. Kawirikawiri, kuchuluka kwa chiŵerengero cha zosakaniza sikunatchulidwe mu chogulitsa chogulitsa, komabe, musanagule, ndi bwino kuti muwerenge zomwe zili muzogulitsa.

Pakalipano, ogula ambiri amadziwa kuti zowonjezera zomwe zili pamndandanda wa zolembazo ndizo zoyamba kupanga gawo lalikulu la mankhwalawa. Chifukwa chake, ngati chogulitsidwa cha mankhwalacho choyamba ndi "surimi", ndiye kuti zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ndizovomerezeka, ndipo zingatheke bwino. Zikanakhala kuti "surimi" yayikidwa pamalo achiwiri, chiwerengero cha nsomba zomwe zagulitsidwacho chichepetsedwa. Ngati mawuwa sali m'ndandanda, ndiye kuti, nsomba, palinso mapuloteni a soya okha, wowonjezera komanso m'malo osiyanasiyana. Pankhaniyi, ndibwino kuti musagule nkhuni zoterezi.

Tsopano ponena za zakudya zowonjezera. Lero, popanda chakudya, palibe chimene chingathe, ndipo nkhanu sizili choncho. Koma mpaka pano ku Russia amaloledwa kuti zowonjezereka zomwe m'mayiko ena zaletsedwa kale. Ndizo zowonjezera zoipa, monga E420, E450, E171, E160 - Zowonjezera izi zingayambitse matenda, komanso matenda aakulu. Ku Russia, zowonjezerazi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito, koma m'mayiko a EU akuletsedwa.

Akatswiri ambiri ndi opanga makina amayesera kugulitsa wogula kuti mankhwala owopsa pazowonongeka sizingayambitse. Mwina, makamaka ngati simukumbukira kuti nthawi zonse timagula katundu m'masitolo athu omwe ali ndi zinthu zambiri, ndi nkhanu, m'malo mwazitsulo zina, timayika pafupifupi saladi onse.

Mulimonsemo, wogula aliyense akuganiza kuti ndigule liti lomwe angagule, koma musanagulire nkhuni zamagetsi, ganizirani izi. Kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi zina kumakhala koopsa kwambiri kuposa zomwe zimakhala ndi mankhwala enaake, makamaka ngati tikuwona kuti mankhwala omwe tafotokoza sagonjetsedwa ndi mankhwala. Choncho, ndi bwino kugula zinthu muzitsulo zosungira zopangidwa ndi anthu otchuka, koma zosankha zochepetsetsa ziyenera kupeŵa.

Sankhani nkhuni za nkhanu

Kodi ndizofunika bwanji kugula nkhuni? Chenjerani ayenera kulipira poyamba kuoneka: nkhanu ziyenera kukhala zokongola ndi zoyera, zikhale zotsekemera, zowonongeka, ziyenera kufanana ndi nkhanu nyama ndipo ziyenera kuoneka zosangalatsa. Zowonongeka, zowuma komanso zosasunthika zomwe zimagula kugula sizothandiza, chifukwa nkhunizi sizilawa, chifukwa palibe phindu. Musagulenso nkhuni kuchokera ku mafiriji, komwe mumakhala pansi pa madigiri 18 pansi pa zero.

Nsonga zazinkhwa zisamakhale zowonongeka. Ngati phukusili liri ndi chipale chofewa ndi / kapena ayezi, ndiye izi zimasonyeza kuti mankhwalawa asungidwa mobwerezabwereza. Pamapangidwewa ayenera kudziwa zambiri za opanga, kusungirako zinthu ndi masamu, ndi zomangira kumbali imodzi ziyenera kukhala zojambulidwa bwino.

Choncho, nkhanu sizingatchedwe mankhwala othandiza, chifukwa mchere wonse, mavitamini ndi mafuta othandiza amataika pophika wowawasa.