Mawu akuti "vegetarianism" angamasulidwe mobwerezabwereza kuti "chomera chomera" (kuchokera ku English masamba kapena ku Latin "wokondwa, wathanzi, wathanzi"). Pogwiritsa ntchito dongosolo lino la zakudya pali njira zingapo, aliyense ali ndi zizindikiro zake. Ku Ulaya, mosiyana ndi Asia, kumene njira yodyera imadziwika kuyambira kale, zamasamba zinangowoneka kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XIX. Ndondomeko ya zakudya yowonongeka inakondweretsa a ku Ulaya ndipo inayamba kupambana omuthandiza atsopano. Mu 1908, International Vegetarian Union inalengedwa. Masiku ano padziko lapansi, chiŵerengero cha anthu omwe sanatulutse chakudya chawo cha zinyama, chikuyembekezeka pa mamiliyoni. Kodi chinsinsi cha kutchuka kwa "chikondi cha masamba" ndi chiyani?
Ndiloleni ndipite ku Himalaya!
Kumeneku kumakhala mtundu wakale umene umadyetsa zokha basi. Amwenye amatha kusamba mitsinje yamtunda chaka chonse, amadziwika ndi thanzi labwino komanso moyo wautali (zaka 110-120), ndipo abambo onse awiri amatha kukhala maso komanso kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo amayi amabereka ana a zaka zoposa 50. M'chilimwe amadyetsa zomwe zimakula pamtunda wawo, masamba ndi zipatso zimadya yaiwisi. M'nyengo yozizira, zakudya za okwera mapiri zimakhala ndi apricot wouma, tirigu wa tirigu, ndi tchizi. Pali nthawi ya moyo wa fuko pamene ziweto za chaka chatha zatha, ndipo zatsopano zisanafikebe - zimatha miyezi iwiri. Panthawiyi, anthu ammudzi akukhala ndi njala, akudya kamodzi pa tsiku kumwa zakumwa za apricot zouma. Sizingatheke kuti anthu okhala m'mayiko otukuka akuwoneka kuti avomereza miyambo ya Himalaya, ngakhale idzawalonjeza kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi ndi thanzi - ali okhwima kwambiri. Koma kodi n'chiyani chimatilepheretsa kubwereka chinthu chofunika kwambiri? Kwa ichi, sikoyenera kupita ku Himalaya!
Mukufuna kulingalira
Zamasamba sizikutanthauza njala yambiri komanso kukana zofunikira za zakudya - mapuloteni, mafuta ndi chakudya. Kugwiritsa ntchito ndiwo zamasamba, zipatso ndi mtedza mu zakudya zimapatsa "ndiwo zamasamba" kuti azipeza bwino. Mapuloteni amapereka zakudya zamtundu ndi nyemba; Zakudya zamadzimadzi, mavitamini ndi zinthu zozembera ndizochuluka zamasamba, zipatso, zitsamba ndi tirigu; Mafuta ofunika kwambiri a thupi amaphatikizapo mafuta a masamba (azitona, mpendadzuwa, nsalu, mphutsi, mpiru, chimanga, mtedza, amondi, thonje, etc.). Mndandanda wa maonekedwe a zobiriwira monga awa: saladi kuchokera ku masamba osakaniza ndi masamba (25%), zipatso zouma zatsopano (25%), masamba obiriwira ndi mizu yophika pamoto (25%), mtedza, kanyumba tchizi, mkaka, ndi komanso mitundu yonse ya tirigu ndi zakudya zambewu, shuga (10%); mafuta, margarine, mafuta a masamba (5%). Zakudya zosakaniza ndi vinyo wosasa zimadya.
Zochita ndi Zochita
Mu 1989, akatswiri a WHO anazindikira kuti zakudya zamasamba zinali zokwanira, ngakhale patapita chaka zotsatira za maphunziro atsopano zinakonzedwa: chakudya cha masiku ano chiyenera kukhala ndi mapuloteni a zinyama, ndipo osachepera 30 peresenti ya mapuloteni. Kuonjezera apo, kugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali zamasamba a orthodox kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zowonjezereka zachitsulo, zinki, calcium, vitamini A, gulu B. D, komanso amino acid ofunikira, chifukwa cha chakudya cha masamba, zinthu izi zilibe pena paliponse. Kuchokera ku zakudya za zinyama zimachokera ku chitukuko cha dysbiosis, hypovitaminosis ndi kusowa kwa mapuloteni. Sitikuvomerezedwa ndi vegetarianism kwa ana, achinyamata, amayi apakati, amayi oyamwitsa, komanso athandizi ndi amayi panthawi yopuma (chiopsezo cha osteoporosis chikuwonjezeka). Zamasamba zikhoza kuwonetsedwa m'matenda angapo (monga masiku a kusala kudya kapena maphunziro ochepa): Kuthamanga kwambiri kwa magazi, matenda opatsirana pogonana, gout, kunenepa kwambiri, urolithiasis ndi urataria, pyelonephritis, matenda aakulu a chiwindi, matenda aakulu a chiwindi kapena chiwindi (zokhazokha zokhala ndi mapuloteni osachepera ndi mafuta). Mothandizidwa ndi zakudya zamasamba simungathe kuchotsa kulemera kochepa, koma mumathandizanso kuchepetsa thupi, kuyeretsa chimbudzi, komanso kuyeretsa thupi la poizoni.
Zopindulitsa zopanda pake
Mwinamwake mwazindikira kuti ndi izi kapena matendawa, mumataya njala yanu: thupi limateteza mphamvu zake, kuti zitha kulimbana ndi matendawa, ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza chakudya cholemetsa zimakhala zodetsa. Powonjezerapo, mumayamba mwakufuna kudya malalanje ndi maapulo, mitundu yonse ya ndiwo zamasamba ndi saladi, koma kukhumba kudya kapena sandwich ndi soseji kumabwera kokha pakapita kanthawi. Ndipo palibe chodabwitsa ichi: kuchepetsa thupi kumachepetsa pamene mukudwala ndipo gawo lanu lakumadya ndi losavuta kukumba zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, timadziti ndi tirigu. Kuwonjezera apo, masamba atsopano (makamaka kabichi ndi kaloti) amathandiza osati kokha ngati magwero a mavitamini komanso opindulitsa. Amakonda tsache "amawononga" zotsalira za chakudya chosagwiritsidwa ntchito m'matumbo, amawamasula ku poizoni ndi poizoni. Ngati chifukwa cha ntchito yanu simusunthira kwambiri masana, mukusowa zakudya za masamba. Nthawi ndi nthawi, onetsetsani kuti mukutsitsimula masiku opanda chakudya cha nyama, kumwa zakumwa za masamba ndi zipatso. Ndipo mudzamva mmene chimbudzi chikuyendera. Ngati simukufuna kukhala "masamba oyela", dzipatseni lamulo lothandiza: kuphatikiza nyama ndi nsomba osati ndi mbatata yosakaniza kapena pasta, koma ndi mphodza, saladi ndi zina za "masamba". Kotero chakudya chidzakhala bwino kwambiri ndipo simudzamva kupweteka mmimba, komanso kukhumudwa ndi kukhumudwa mutatha kudya.
Zinthu zoti muzikumbukira
Kuti phindu lonse la zamasamba likhale ndi zovuta zingapo, zomwe muyenera kukumbukira. Kotero, mothandizidwa ndi chakudya chomera, ndizosatheka kuwonjezera thupi ndi chitsulo (chofunikira kwa hematopoiesis), vitamini B12 (yomwe imayambitsa selo yogawanika, imayambitsa kukonzanso khungu ndi kukhazikika kwa kayendedwe ka mantha). Choncho, ngati vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi, mimba ndi lactation, zomera sizikulimbikitsidwa, komanso sizikhala ndi mphamvu zolimba (mapuloteni ndi ofunikira mawonekedwe a maselo, ndipo minofu imafunikira kuti iwononge msanga). Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu kwa "masamba" ndi colitis (chifukwa cha matumbo a mucous yotentha, chakudya chomera sichimafota bwino, chomwe chimayambitsa kuyamwa ndi kugontha), matenda opatsirana (zakudya zam'mimba zimatha kuyambitsa kutsekula m'mimba). Tiyeneranso kukumbukira zenizeni za nyengo yathu ya nyengo: m'nyengo yozizira, mphamvu yowonjezera imafunika kuteteza kutentha kwa thupi, kumene, tsoka, silingaperekedwe ndi chakudya cha zomera. Pamene mukukonzekera kusintha kusintha kwa chakudya chatsopano, onetsetsani kuti mufunsane ndi dokotala. Kusankha izi kapena zinthu zina kungangoganizira za thanzi, zaka, moyo.