Kodi mudzapambana chiyani, mukuganiza? Ndipo ngakhale tikambirana za chakudya chimodzimodzi - nthawi zambiri amaunikira nyama yophika, kapena zofukiza, kapena ossobuko, kapena mphodza. Kakhitchini iliyonse yomwe ili pamtunda wachitukuko silingathe kunyalanyaza ng'ombe, ndipo miyambo ina yophikira, monga Argentina, imangokhalira kutsamwitsa chisanafike. Nthaŵi ina, anthu a ku Russia ankamvetsetsanso ng'ombe. Ndipo ngati zili choncho, ndi kosavuta kutenga chidutswa cha nyama - chilichonse chomwe chingatetezedwe mu mizere yopanda malire - ndikuchilolera kudzera mu chopukusira nyama? Ndipafupi. Maphikidwe, kuphika steak kuchokera ku nyama pa grill kudzakupatsani chisangalalo ndi chisangalalo kuchokera kudya.
Koma izi ziri ndi limodzi - ndi ogula, mwachitsanzo, maphwando. Mbali inayo, ndi wopanga, zonse zinasokonekera kwambiri. Anthu ena omwe ali kutali ndi ulimi adaganiza kuti dziko la Russia liyenera kukhala lokha, kulibe kwina kulikonse komwe kumawona mitundu ya ziweto. Ndipo osati ngakhale kuti mtunduwo, komanso kwenikweni watsopano malangizo - nyama ndi mkaka. Kuchokera pamalingaliro a nzeru, izi zikufotokozedwa ndi mawu akuti "Ayi kwa Mulungu, kandulo, kapena poker line". Palibe milking, yolemetsa. Kuonjezerapo, ng'ombe zamphongozi zinkawonongedwa ku mkaka woyambirira komanso mopanda pake. Chifukwa cha ndondomeko iyi, zambiri zachitika (osati kuchotsa perestroika). Kuphatikizana ndi anthuwa amapanga lingaliro kuti mu ng'ombe ndi gawo lokhalo lodyetsedwa ndi nyamayi, ndipo china chirichonse ndi choyenera kuti nyama yamchere kapena kuzimitsa ndi kuti nkhumba ili bwino mulimonsemo. O inde, ndipo nkhumba sizingatheke kuti zikhale zofewa.
Mafuta asanu
Mwa njira, pambali imodzi ya nyama ya ng'ombe, osati Russia okhawo omwe amakonzedweratu. M'mayiko okhala ndi miyambo yopangira nyama, gululi linakhazikitsidwa mozungulira magawo atatu okha, pafupifupi 5 peresenti ya misala yonse ya nyama. Nyumba zonse zapadziko lapansi zimagwira ntchito pazigawo zitatu izi: mpweya wakuda, m'mphepete mwachangu ndi mphako. Koma kusankha kwa nyama sikunathe, pokhapokha sipadzakhala chipembedzo. Malamulo ena atatu ayenera kuwonedwa. Pano iwo ali.
- 1. Nthenda
Nyama ya steak iyenera kukhala yochokera ku ng ombe. Pali mitundu yambiri iyi, ndipo ngati mwasankha kuti mulowetse chikhalidwe cha steak, kumbukirani, osachepera pang'ono mwasitchulidwe. Choncho, Aberdeen Angus, Hereford, Shorthorn, Limousin, Charolais, Bass, Red Meadow komanso, Chiana. Mitundu itatu yoyamba idakondwera ndi Britain, ina yachiwiri - France, ndi kyanin - Italy. Lero, iwo amawidwa paliponse, komabe, pamtundu wa nyama, ngati izo zitero, ndiye mwabwino. Tsogolo lachidziŵitso chachijeremani cha vagyu, chomwe chimakula lero ku Australia ndi zikuluzikulu zomwe zimatumizidwa ku Japan, ndizisonyeza: kusungunuka kwa mowa ndi kuwapachika pamapanga ndi chinthu chakale, koma kugwa kwachikhalidwe kumeneku sikunasinthe ngakhale makasitomala ovuta kwambiri.
5 steaks ambiri
• Chateaubriand steak. Amadulidwa kuchokera pakati, mbali yaikulu kwambiri ya chikondi, ndipo makulidwe ake ndi ochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Kulemera kwake kuli pakati pa 750 g.
• Steak "Fillet Mignon". Amadulidwa kuchoka ku gawo lochepa lachikondi. Kuchulukitsa kuyambira 180 mpaka 350 g. Lamulo ili, monga lamulo, akazi.
• Steak "Tie-Bone." Dulani kuchokera kumbali ya m'mphepete mwachitsulo ndi mphako. Pakati pa steak, pamakhala kwenikweni fupa lofanana ndi thupi. Kuchuluka kwa kudula kumakhala pafupifupi masentimita atatu, ndipo kulemera kwake, kwakukulu, ndi kwakukulu: kuchokera 650 g mpaka 1.2 makilogalamu.
• Mphalapala wa Porterhouse imadulidwa kuchokera kumbali ya m'mphepete mwamphamvu ndi mphako. Ndi yaikulu kuposa T-bounce, ndipo imalemera osachepera 1 makilogalamu.
• Madzi otchedwa Ribey, omwe amathamangitsidwa, amadulidwa kuchokera pamtunda wakuda ndi masentimita 3 mpaka 8. Ngati pali fupa ku Ribai, limatchedwa "Cowboy Steak". Kulemera kwa 400 mpaka 800 g.
Steak "Diana"
4 servings
Chimene mukusowa:
- 4 steak zopanda pake, 2-4 masentimita wandiweyani, pafupifupi 200 g uliwonse
- 1 tbsp. l. mafuta owonjezera a maolivi
- mchere, tsabola watsopano wakuda
Msuzi:
- 50 g wa batala
- 1 sing'anga lamasamba (mbali yoyera yokha)
- gulu laling'ono la parsley
- 0,5 makapu a nyama kapena nkhuku msuzi
- 2 tbsp. l. cognac
- 1 tbsp. l. Dijon mpiru 1-2 tbsp. l. madzi a mandimu 1 tbsp. l. Worcester msuzi mchere, watsopano wakuda wakuda
Zimene mungachite:
Zitsamba ziyenera kumangidwa mosamala ndi pepala la pepala, mopepuka kwambiri ndi mchere ndi tsabola kumbali zonsezo. Mu poto lalikulu lachangu ndizitali, perekani mafuta a maolivi, ikani steaks ndikuwothamanga kwa mphindi zisanu. kumbali zonse (kapena zochepetsetsa - ngati ndizochepa kwambiri kuposa masentimita 4, kapena ngati mumakonda nyama ndi yocheka). Pakali pano, tsambani ndi kuwaza ma leeks, chotsani zimayambira ku parsley, ndi kudula masamba aakulu. Ikani steaks pa mbale, kuphimba ndi zojambulazo ndikuchoka kwa mphindi zisanu. Kuchokera pa poto yamoto, kumene nyama idaphika, kuthira mafuta, kuwonjezera theka la batala. Ikani frying poto pa sing'anga kutentha. Botolo likasungunuka, ikani leeks ndikuphika mpaka yofewa, mphindi 3-4. Onjezerani msuzi, cognac, mpiru, mandimu ndi Worcesters msuzi, kusakaniza ndi kubweretsa kwa chithupsa. Pepani madzi, perekani steaks, pamene "apumula." Gwiritsanso ntchito, kuchotsani kutentha, kuwonjezera mafuta otsala ndi kusonkhezera, thovu lidzasungunuka. Ikani, nyengo ndi mchere ndi tsabola, mwamsanga muzisakaniza. Kuyala steak pa mbale, kutsanulira msuzi ndipo nthawi yomweyo mutumikire.
- 2. Kuwonetsa
Nyama yachinyama iyenera kuyendetsedwa. Nthano ya chisangalalo cha nyama si nthano chabe. Mwachikhalidwe, mitembo yonse (panthawi zovuta kwambiri, mitembo) inapachikidwa m'chipinda choziziritsa ndi kutentha kwambiri kwa masiku awiri mpaka miyezi iwiri; Panthawiyi, nyamayi idataya madzi okwanira 20%, yopaka thotho komanso ngakhale ovulala - inali yokutidwa ndi kutumphuka, komwe kunadulidwa. Njira yatsopano yamakono, yomwe imatchedwa ukalamba wambiri, imayesetsanso kuti isanatenge nyamayo mu polyethylene. Kutaya kwa misa kumachepetsedwa, motero, pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya ng'ombe padziko lonse ili ndi zaka zambiri.
- 3. Kukuwotcha
Steak ayenera kuphikidwa bwino. Inde, mukhoza kupempha kuti muwonde ngati nkhumba ya nkhumba, mpaka itakonzeka, ndikutsanulira ketchup, mayonesi ndi soya msuzi, koma konzekerani kuti aliyense aseke kumbuyo kwanu. Ndipo ndi bwino kusankha digiti yowotcha kwambiri nyamayi - kuchokera kwa omwe timayankhula pa tsamba 25. Mafuta angaperekedwe mu chidutswa cha ng'ombe mu njira zosiyanasiyana. Ndibwino kuti mafuta ochepa thupi akamawombera modzidzimutsa (izi zimatchedwa "kukangana") - gawoli lidzakhala lokoma komanso lokoma. Choipitsitsa kwambiri, ngati mafuta akugona pa chidutswa chosavuta mosavuta. Mtundu wa mafuta umakhudzanso: ngati wachikasu kwambiri, ndiye kuti chinyama chinali chachikulu. Ngati minofu imakhala yopyapyala ndi yofooka, ndiye minofu (nyama - ndi minofu) m'moyo wa nyamayo idagwira ntchito pang'ono ndi chidutswa cha nyama mutatha kuchizira kutentha. Ngati minofu ili "yophunzitsidwa", ulusiwo udzakhala waukulu. Pamene minofu imagwira ntchito, collagen wochulukirapo - chinthu chomwe chimapangidwa ndi tendons ndi mapulusa. Iyi ndi nyama yolimba, ndipo iyenera kuwonetsedwa.
Tangoganizirani kuti ng'ombe yanu ndi mdima, ndi zisoti zazikulu, pafupifupi opanda mafuta. Mutha kuchikhudza kuti mutsimikize, koma popanda izo zikuwonekeratu kuti ndizolimba. Chochita ndi chiyani? Dulani zidutswa zing'onozing'ono ndikuziika pamoto pang'ono ndi masamba. Ngati chidutswacho chili mdima, koma ndi nsomba zambiri komanso mafinya abwino, amatha kuwiritsa mosavuta kapena mwamsanga yokazinga ndi batala. Ndipo ngati chidutswacho ndi chowala kwambiri ndipo chiribe mafuta, ndizotheka kwambiri. Pewani chidutswacho ngati chochepa kwambiri, chekeni mu dzira, poto mu breadcrumbs ndi mwachangu mu poto lalikulu - mutenge Viennese schnitzel. Koma iyi ndi nkhani ina.
Kuthamanga ndi kutentha
Izi ndizofunikira pakukonzekera ng'ombe. Ndipo sitiyenera kuganizira mofulumira chabe kuthamanga kwa kutentha, komanso chilengedwe chomwe chimapangidwa. Njira yofulumira kwambiri ndikuthamanga pa malasha otentha. Pano chidutswachi chimakhudzidwa osati ndi kutentha kwakukulu, koma ndi mazira omwe amachitikirapo. Pang'ono pang'ono frying mu youma youma frying kapena poto wothira. Zingakhale zotentha kwambiri, komabe osati monga malasha otentha, ndipo palibe ma radiation omwe alipo pakali pano. Ngakhale pang'onopang'ono ndiye kutchulidwa, ndiko kuti, kuwotcha chidutswa cha nyama papepala yopaka phala pokhapokha mutadzamwetsa ndi mafuta ndi kutulutsa madzi. Mitundu itatu ya frying ndi yabwino kwa ng'ombe, yosakhala ndi collagen: imayenera kudula kukula kwa minofu kukhala machesi a masentimita 4 mpaka 4. Pakapita pang'onopang'ono ndiko kufuka kwa nyama mu uvuni. Kutentha sikukwera kwambiri kutero - ng'anjo imatenthedwa kufika 220-230 ° C, ndipo pambuyo pa 10-15 mphindi kutentha kwafupika kufika 120-130 ° C. Ng'ombe yophika, yophika, zidutswa zowonongeka zimakonzedwa (chidutswa chiyenera kukhala chachikulu komanso chosadalirika). Ngati muli ndi nyama yokhala ndi collagen wambiri, muyenera kuzimitsa pamoto. Mukhoza kutenga chidutswa chonse kapena kudula - zilibe kanthu. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti muli ndi nthawi yokwanira.
Pali madigiri asanu oyambanso kudya nyama:
Nthawi zambiri - ndi magazi;
• Zambiri zochepa - magazi pang'ono, madzi a pinki;
• Zakakatikati - zophika pakati, zofiira mkati mwa nyama, popanda magazi;
• Chitsime chamkati - pafupifupi chokazinga, ndi madzi omveka;
Wachita bwino - bwino fried.
Nyama yowonda kwambiri, yochepa imayenera kukhala yokazinga - sankhani zamkati kapena zosakanizika zosawerengeka. Kwa marble steak, bwino bwino akulimbikitsidwa, ndiye mafuta inclusions amasungunuka ndipo madzi akudzaza ndi nyama. Musaiwale za miyambo ya izi kapena fuko - mwachitsanzo, m'mayiko akumwera, nyama ndi magazi nthawi zambiri sizinalamulidwe.
Ng'ombe yophika ndi mpiru, vinyo woyera ndi tomato
6 zopereka
Chimene mukusowa:
- kg makilogalamu a njuchi ya brisket
- 800 g tomato
- 3 mababu ofiira awiri
- 3 cloves wa adyo
- 750 ml ya vinyo woyera wouma
- 2 tbsp. l. Dijon mpiru
- 3-5 tbsp. l. masamba mafuta
- mchere, tsabola watsopano wakuda
Kwa maluwa a garnishes:
- Mapulitsi asanu a parsley
- 4 mapiritsi a thyme
- 2 nthambi zing'onozing'ono za tarhuna
- 1 bay masamba
Zimene mungachite:
Dulani nyama mu cubes ndi mbali 8 cm, youma, nyengo ndi mchere ndi tsabola. Ndi tomato peeled, kudula anyezi mu hafu mphete, kudula adyo pakati. Bunch zokongoletsa. Mu saucepan mu 2 tbsp. l. batala muzing'onozing'ono zophika nyama mpaka kuwala kothamanga, 5-6 min. Ngati ndi kotheka, onjezerani mafuta pang'ono pa gawo lililonse. Nyama yokonzeka kuti ipite ku mbale. Ndikofunika kuti thupi lisatulutse madzi kapena mwachangu. Pamapeto pa ndondomekoyi, tsitsani mafuta onse mu poto, kupatula 1 tbsp. Mtsanulire mu vinyo. Bweretsani chithupsa ndi kuphika, kuyambitsa ndi kuchotsa magawo omwe amamatira kuchokera pansi mpaka mpweya wa madzi umachepetsedwa ndi chinthu chachiwiri, pafupi maminiti khumi. Onetsani mpiru, whisk ndi whisk. Ikani msuzi nyama yokazinga, tomato lonse, anyezi, adyo ndi zokongoletsa maluwa. Phizani poto ndi chivindikiro, kuchepetsa kutentha. Kuphika maola awiri Ndiye chotsani maluwawo, mutenge nyama, ndi moto kuti muwonjezere. Kuphika kwa mphindi 10, ndiye kuwaza msuzi ndi blender. Ikani nyama mu msuzi, kutentha ndi kutumikira ndi mkate wonyezimira.