Kusokonezeka kwapadera: kuyambitsa, kugonana, njira zamakono ndi zamtundu wa mankhwala

Kusokonezeka kwadzidzidzi ndikumverera kwa kusowa kwa mpweya, kumene sikutheka kumagwedeza mokwanira ndi mfuti imodzi / ziwiri. Kupuma kokwanira kwa nasal kumaphatikizidwa ndi mphuno, kupweteka ndi kuyabwa m'matumbo amphongo, makutu osakwanira, kuchepa kwakumva, kununkhira, kununkhira kosasangalatsa ndi kutuluka m'mphuno. Chifukwa cha mpweya wokhazikika wa thupi, vuto lalikulu la kupuma kwa mpweya limalimbikitsa kukula kwa mavuto aakulu - otitis, sinusitis, matenda opwetekedwa mtima ndi minofu ya mtima, matayilitis, matenda a m'munsi (mapapu, bronchi) ndi chapamwamba (trachea, larynx). Dziwani chifukwa chenicheni cha kusokonezeka kwa minofu ndi kuika chithandizo choyenera chitha kokha dokotala-otolaryngologist pokhapokha atayang'anitsitsa ndi kuyang'anitsitsa anamnesis. Kudzipiritsa, kawirikawiri kumakhala mu kayendetsedwe kosalamulirika kwa madontho a vasoconstricting, akudzaza ndi kukula kwa mucosal hyperplasia, yomwe imachizidwa opaleshoni yokha.

Kusokonezeka kwapadera - kumayambitsa:

• Matenda akuluakulu a paranasal / mphuno: mapuloteni, maxillary sinus cyst, sinusitis, matenda oopsa a rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis, aakulu rhinitis;
• Matenda oopsa opatsirana: pachimake sinusitis, pachilombo choopsa cha matendawa;
• nthendayi ya amayi apakati. Zimayamba mu trimester yachiwiri pambuyo pa mahomoni amadzimadzi, omwe amasonyezedwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, chisokonezo, kutupa;
• Matenda a anatomical: kupasuka kwa mphuno, kupotoka / perforation ya nsanamira yamphongo, kusintha kwa mphuno zakunja;

• abscess (furuncle) mu mbali yamkati yamkati;
• chithunzithunzi cha chiwonongeko choipa kapena choipa;
• Matenda a nasopharynx: adenoids, zotupa;
• matupi achilendo ku machimo a paranasal / mphuno.

Kusokonezeka kwapadera - njira zothandizira

Chizoloŵezi cha matendawa chimayambitsa mavuto ena pakudziwika kwa matenda a mphuno ndipo imatanthawuza kusiyana kwake, kuphatikizapo:

• kusonkhanitsa anamnesis ndi kukayezetsa zodandaula za wodwalayo (kodi nthawi yayitali yodziwika bwino, yodziwika bwino, momwe wodwalayo anachitira, kaya zotsatira zake zinali zotani);
• kuyang'anitsitsa maso (kupezeka / kusowa kwa zizindikiro zoopsa);
• zojambulajambula. Ikhoza kuzindikira mucosal edema, kutuluka kwa matupi, zotupa, kutuluka m'magazi;

• kumaliza. Amapereka mpata woti apeze njira yotupa pamatenda a paranasal, mawonekedwe osaoneka mu rhinoscopy;
• kompyuta tomography, radiography / ultrasound ya sinthana paranasal.

Kusokonezeka kwapadera - mankhwala

Njira yothandizira imadalira chifukwa chake, chomwe chinayambitsa vuto lopuma. Mankhwala amasiku ano ali ndi njira zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa mwamsanga kuchiritsa lezhennost ndi kubwezeretsa kupuma bwino, chinthu chachikulu - kusankha mtundu wa mankhwala payekha, kuganizira maonekedwe onse ndi zizindikiro za chithunzi cha matendawa.

1. Kusokonezeka kwa mapangidwe a mphuno. Zokongola, kusintha mawonekedwe a septum, hypertrophy ya nasal concha - zizindikiro za mankhwala opaleshoni. Opaleshoniyo imatanthawuza pulasitiki, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumapeto, zomwe siziphatikizapo mabala pa nkhope. Nthawi yowonongeka ndi mphindi 30 mpaka 50, ikhoza kuchitidwa pansi pa anesthesia wamba kapena wamba.

2. Allergic rhinitis. Zimakula chifukwa cha kutsekemera kwa mankhwalawa mumphuno yamphongo, yomwe imadziwika ndi zinthu zokongola, kuyabwa, paroxysmal kukunkha. Ndibwino kuti muzitha kuthetseratu (ngati n'kotheka) kukhudzana kwambiri ndi allergen - izi zidzakuthandizani kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndikupewa kutupa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mukhale okhumudwa.

   Kuchiza kwa chisokonezo pa matenda oopsa a rhinitis:

   • antihistamines. Zovuta zedi (Cetirizine, Astemizol, Fexofenadine) mwamsanga zimathandiza kuchepetsa kusokonezeka kwa msana, kuthetsa kuyabwa ndi kunjenjemera. Ngati mawonetseredwe a matendawa amangokhala pamphuno, antchito a H1-histamine receptors (Levocabastine, Azelastine) akugwira bwino ntchito. Kusiyanitsa: nthawi ya lactation, mimba;
   • mankhwala a corticosteroids (Fluticasone, mometasone, Triamcinolone acetonide). Mpumulo wa chikhalidwe umachitika pambuyo pa masiku awiri a kuloledwa, chifukwa cha kukonzanso kosatha, masiku 7-10 akufunika. Kuyamba kwa mankhwala a nasal corticosteroids ayenera kuyamba ndi mlingo wokwanira, pang'onopang'ono kuchepetsa pamene ukubwezeretsa. Ndi kusemphana kwakukulu kwa minofu, kuyendetsa madontho a betamethasone kumalimbikitsidwa mu sabata yoyamba ya chithandizo;

   • anticholinergics (Ipatropium bromide). Iwo ali ndi mphamvu zotsutsana ndi anticholinergic ndipo sagwiritsidwa ntchito mopanda dongosolo, amawonetsedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi madzi amchere (mucous osiyana ndi mphuno), amatsutsana ndi odwala omwe ali ndi prostatic hypertrophy ndi glaucoma;
   • immunotherapy. Chofunika kwambiri cha chithandizochi chili mu jekeseni ya hypodermic ya kuchuluka kwa mlingo woyenera wa matendawa asanayambe kulekerera kwa thupi. Zomwe zimayendera: sabata iliyonse pamwezi - jekeseni wamwezi uliwonse, yokhalitsa zaka 2-3. Immunotherapy imachitidwa m'mabungwe azachipatala omwe ali ndi zipangizo zotsitsimutsa chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha anaphylaxis ndi zoopsa zowonongeka;

   • mankhwala opaleshoni. Chizindikiro: zovuta zovuta zowonongeka za paranasal, hyperprosia yosasinthika ya mchere wamphongo, hyperplasia wa mapaipi, omwe amachititsa kuti kupuma kwa mpweya kusokoneze kwambiri.
3. Vasomotor (nonallergic) rhinitis. Pamtima mwa matendawa ndi kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo lodzidzimitsa kwa matendawa chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mowa, kusuta fodya, kusuta fodya, kusinthasintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha kwa mpweya wotayika kapena mphamvu ya mankhwala (anti-inflammatory drugs, antidepressants, sedative). Zizindikiro zosiyana ndi zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

   Kuchiza kwa chisokonezo ndi vasomotor rhinitis:

   • Kusamba kwa ndime zamphongo ndi mankhwala a saline omwe ali ndi anti-inflammatory and disinfecting properties;
   • Mipiritsi yomwe ili ndi corticosteroid mahomoni (Fliksonaze, Nazarel, Baconaz) ndi nthawi yaitali (mwezi kapena kuposerapo). Iwo amadziwika ndi machitidwe apamwamba okhudzidwa ndi mawonekedwe odalirika a chitetezo. Zotsatira zimakhala zochepa pang'onopang'ono, choncho, kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera n'kofunika kwambiri panthawi yachipatala;

   • sprays pogwiritsa ntchito ipratropium bromide (Ipravent, Atrovent). Amasonyezedwa ndi kuzizira rhinitis, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zamkati kumaliseche, kuthetsa herzhennost, kusintha chikhalidwe chonse;
   • mankhwala, omwe ali ndi mavuto ochuluka (Ephedrine, Naphthysine, Sanorin). Amachepetsa kutupa kwa mucosa, kuthamanga, kuthamanga, kuyendetsa ziwiya zowonongeka, kuyeza zinthu;
   • kusungidwa kosagwiritsidwa ntchito popanda novocaine / hydrocortisone;
   • mankhwala opanga thupi, physiotherapy, kuchita maseŵera olimbitsa thupi, kutsuka kusiyana.

Ngati njira zoyenera zothandizira kuti minofu isamagwirizane, sizingatheke, njira zochepetsera zopweteka-submucosal low osteochondhotomy, laser photodestruction kapena ultrasonic disintegration-zikuchitidwa. Cholinga cha opaleshoni ndicho kuwononga zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtambo, kuti zisapitirire chifukwa cha kutupa. Njira yochizira opatsirana imadalira zizindikiro za chipatala cha vasomotor rhinitis, etiology, ndi matenda omwe amagwirizana nawo.

Madontho othandiza m'mphuno ndi kusokonezeka

Kusokonezeka kwachikulire kwa anthu akuluakulu kumathandizidwa ndi madontho a misomali / mapiritsi a magulu osiyanasiyana (mankhwala opatsirana).

1. Vasuli. Mwamsanga musamathetse kusokonezeka, mubwezeretse kupuma kwabwino kwa nasal, pamene mukuchotsa mutu ndi mphuno yothamanga. Kuchiza kwa nthawi yaitali ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo silololedwa chifukwa cha chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi rhinitis, omwe ndi ovuta kuchiza. Mavuto aakulu a madontho a vasoconstricting ndi afupipafupi, zotsatira zoopsa pamaselo a ciliary epithelium:
   • Kukonzekera kwachidule (mpaka maola 6): Sanorin, Tizin, Naphthysine;

   • Zochita zambiri (mpaka maola 10): Galazolin, Orivin, Rhinostop;
   • Kuchitapo kanthu kwa nthawi yaitali (mpaka maola 12): Nazol, Nazivin.
2. Anti-kutupa (Isofra, Polidexa ndi phenylephrine). Njira yothetsera vuto la chimfine ndi chimfine. Ipha mavairasi oyambitsa matenda ndi mabakiteriya, kuthetsani kutupa kwa ntchentche, kuchepetsa kutupa, kulimbikitsa kupuma.
3. Antiallergic (Vibrocil, Sanorin analgesin). Thandizo lochokera ku msana ndi kuuma kwa chingwe.
4. Ndi mafuta ofunika (Pinosol, Evkasept). Sungani mabakiteriya / mavairasi, musamangokhala osokoneza bongo, mwapang'onopang'ono musinthirenso mu chipanemba, kuchotsani stasis.

5. Ndi mankhwala a corticosteroid (Nazonex, Fliksonase). Awonetseratu kuti amatsutsa zowonongeka / zotsutsa zokhazokha, zomwe zimawonetsedwa ndi msokonezo wamkati, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda aakulu a rhinitis, sinusitis.
6. Saline njira (Salin, Aqua Maris). Zili ndi zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa njira zowonongeka zomwe zimakhala zotsutsana ndi zotupa.

Kuchiza ndi madontho a m'mphuno kumalimbikitsidwa pokhapokha ngati kutchulidwa kwapakhosi kumayambitsa kutupa, osati chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwapakhosi. Musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo a gululi kwa masiku opitirira 7-10 kuti mupewe kumwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zosamveka zotsutsana ndizimene zimapangitsa kuti munthu asagwiritsidwe ntchito. Zotsutsana zotsutsana: kutenga mimba, lactation, matenda oopsa, matenda a mtima / ziwalo, kuwonjezeka kwa chithokomiro.

Kusokonezeka kwapadera popanda madontho a m'mphuno a nasal

Kuchiza kwa msana kumaphatikizapo magawo awiri - kusungidwa ndi kuchira kwa mimba. Ndibwino kuyambitsa mankhwala ndi njira zopotoza. Teya yokhala ndi raspberries, osambira otentha, mapepala a mpiru ndi othandizira kwambiri omwe amathandiza kupatsirana magazi m'mphuno. Kutentha ndi kutenthedwa ndi zamadzimadzi ziyenera kuchitidwa mosamala. Ngati pali matenda a mpweya wabwino, mukhoza kuwonjezera vutoli. Njira yoyenera kwa madontho a vasoconstrictive ndi mankhwala ochizira matenda a m'mimba (Cinnabsin, Sinupret mwa mawonekedwe a madontho / dragees). Mankhwalawa amadziwika kuti ndi odana ndi zotupa komanso odana ndi zinthu zokhazokha, alibe chotsutsana, zoipa zokhazokha - ayenera kusankhidwa mwachindunji, mwinamwake sikungatheke kufotokoza momwe chithandizo chikuyendera.

Kusokonezeka kwapadera ndi kuchita kupuma

Zochita zapuma zimapangitsa kuti mpweya upume, kupititsa patsogolo kutuluka kwa magazi, kuyeretsa ndime zamphongo ndi bronchi, ndi kuchotsa mphuno yopanda pake.

1. Zovuta kupuma zomwe zimathandiza ndi mtundu uliwonse wa rhinitis:

   • Pewani mphuno pamphuno, choyamba kuthamanga mmimba, ndiye - kukulitsa zitsamba. Ndi kutuluka kwa "nasal", choyamba, kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa bere, chachiwiri - kukoka mmimba;
   • Chitani chifuwa kupuma: Kutalika kwa mphuno (chifuwa chimakula, mimba imatulutsa). Panthawi yopumula - mosiyana;
   • Kuchita kupuma m'mimba: kudzoza kwa "nasal" kwanthaŵi yaitali, pamene mimba iyenera kuyendayenda.

2. Zovutazo zokhudzana ndi kupuma kwa mphuno ndi kuthetsa chisokonezo:

   • kufalitsa miyendo yanu kumbali, kupyola mu mphuno zanu, kukweza manja anu mmwamba. Pang'onopang'ono, perekani pamphuno. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumayambiriro kwa zochitikazo kuti ugulire mwamphamvu mu msana ndi thoracic msana;
   • Kupuma mpweya, kukumphira mphuno zake ndi kukopa mapewa ake - kutsekemera, kudumpha manja, kutsamira - kutulutsa;

   • Kupaka minofu ya mucosa yamphongo: tambani miyendo yanu kumbali, mutseka pakamwa panu mwamphamvu. Kenaka, ikani phokoso lamanzere / lakumanja pang'onopang'ono momwe mungathere, kukanikiza pamphuno yosiyana ndi zala zanu.

Kusamalira zipangizo zamakono

Amapereka zowonongeka kwathunthu ndi kubwezeretsedwa kwa malo onse a mucosa, mosasamala kanthu za chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa msana. Pakalipano, pali njira zingapo zotetezeka komanso zothandiza kuti muzitha kupuma mpweya:

• kusamba malinga ndi Proetz. Kuyamba kwa mankhwala mumphuno imodzi ndikukankhira kunja kwa mzake mothandizidwa ndi kuyamwa magetsi. Potsatira ndondomekoyi, mitsempha yamatumbo imachotsedwa mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi, timadzi timene timatsukidwa ndi mankhwala, zomwe zimachepetsa msangamsanga;
• electrophoresis. Ndondomeko yomwe cholinga chake ndi kutulutsa mankhwala kumatendawa kudzera mwachindunji - zida zamadzimadzi zimagawanika mofanana mu khungu / khungu, mofulumira kulowa mkati mwa ziwalo zonse ndi ziwalo zomwe zimatuluka magazi, kuthetsa kusokoneza, kubwezeretsa kupuma bwino
• reflexotherapy. Osagwira ntchito zamagetsi pazigawo zokhudzana ndi zinthu zamoyo komanso malo ozungulira omwe ali pa khungu, omwe ali ndi machiritso amphamvu.

Mankhwala ochizira matenda a nasal

Choyenera, chithandizo cha minofu chiyenera kuyamba ndi kuyendera otolaryngologist, amene adzadziwe chifukwa cha matendawa ndi kuthandizira kumwa mankhwala oyenera. Ngati palibe chilakolako kapena nthawi yopita kuchipatala, mungagwiritse ntchito maphikidwe a anthu:

Kuthamangira kwa kukhudzana kwa m'mimba:

• Tengani madzi atsopano a beet, madzi a alosi, osankhidwa madzi oyera, sakanizani zosakaniza mofanana. Madzi omwe analandira kuti alowe m'mphuno zonsezo 3-4 pa tsiku;
• Kuti mugwiritse ntchito makina a kagawo, onjezerani supuni imodzi ya mafuta a masamba, sakanizani bwino, khalani pambali kwa maola 10-12. Kupsinjika, khalani ngati madontho a m'mphuno;
• peel pakati kaloti, grate, Finyani madzi, kuwonjezera zofanana kuchuluka kwa masamba a masamba (osanenedwa). Ndi bwino kusuntha osakaniza, kuponyera mu mphuno dontho limodzi katatu patsiku.

Kuchiza kwachisokonezo ndi ntchito zadothi

Kuwotcha kumathandizira kuti kubwezeretsedwa kwa zochitika zozizwitsa za uchimo ndi mphuno zamphuno, zimapangitsa chikhalidwe chonsecho, kuthetsa kuphulika kwa mphuno. Mapulogalamu onse amafunikira makapu 0,5 a dothi lofiira: dothi lokhala ndi 250 milliliters la madzi, kusakaniza, kutentha mpaka madigiri 60 mu madzi osamba, mogawanika pamagazi ngati "butterfly". .

Kuchiza kwa mankhwala ndi tiyi

Dya supuni ya timbewu timadzi timadzi timadzi tokwana 120-150 milliliters, idyani katatu patsiku m'malo mwa tiyi. Kuwonjezera apo, kuthirira ndi timbewu timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa timadzi timene timatulutsa.

Kutsekemera kwa mbatata motsutsana ndi kuvuta

Wiritsani mbatata popanda kuthira madzi. Chitani mavitamini kwa mphindi 15-20 tsiku lililonse. Chofunika: Panthawiyi, simungathe kuphimba mutu wanu kuti mupewe kutupa. Njira yoyenera ya chithandizo ndi masiku 10-12, ngati n'koyenera, kubwereza.

Kuchiza kwachisokonezo ndi masamba a chamomile

Tengani supuni ya maluwa ouma a camomile, kutsanulira madzi mililita 250 a madzi otentha, ikani maminiti 20-25. Pogwiritsa ntchito ndondomekoyi, yekani mpweya wa mphuno kwa masekondi 7-10. Sungani mabafa kawiri pa sabata, kuti musamapangitse mankhwala osapitirira mphindi zisanu.

Kupewa kusokonezeka kwa minofu

• Kuletsa odwala ndi odwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mpweya;
• Matenda a nthawi yamakono, mmero, mphuno;
• Kupatula njira zowonongeka muzitali zamphongo, kuvulala kumaso / mphuno;
• Kukonzekera kwa chinyezi cha mlengalenga mu malo okhalamo;
• Kukonza zolakwika m'mapangidwe a mphuno;
• kukana ku zizoloŵezi zoipa, kuyenda nthawi zonse mu mpweya wabwino;
• kutsatira mfundo za zakudya zamaganizo.

Kusokonezeka kwadzidzidzi ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti thupi likhale ndi matenda komanso kuchepetsa umoyo wa moyo monga matenda a mtima kapena masoka. Musayambe matendawa, nthawi zonse chotsani zizindikiro ndi misampha ya vasoconstrictor, pangozi yotenga mavuto aakulu. Madokotala amalimbikitsa kwambiri kuti pamene zizindikiro zoyamba za nthenda zikuwoneka, funsani katswiri, fufuzani ndikuyambanso mankhwala.