Kodi mwaiwala msonkhano wofunikira kapena sunabwere pa tsiku? Musathamangire kudziimba mlandu chifukwa cha kusokonekera - Gestalt psychology imasonyeza kuti njira zotetezera zimadziwonetsera okha mwa njira iyi.
Psycheka yathu imakhala ndi malamulo ake omwe samamvera nthawi zonse. Ndipo mochulukirapo, amatha kupanga zosankha "kupitiliza" kuganiza.
Mmodzi mwa anthu apamwamba ananena kuti ndi kosavuta kuwerengera kayendedwe ka electron kusiyana ndi kufotokoza momwe anthu amasankhira. Choncho, ndi nthawi yophunzira njira zothandizira kuti muthe kumvetsa bwino zochita zanu komanso kuti musadzitsutse nokha.
Chifukwa chiyani timapereka makhalidwe ena kwa anthu, timalingalira mosiyana, Gestalt psychology imatha kufotokoza - njira zotetezera, ngakhale zovuta, komabe zimabwereketsa kufotokozera.
Kodi chitetezo chikuwoneka motani?
Gestalt akunena kuti chitetezo chilichonse chimayamba kumene ifeyo timakakamizika kusokoneza kukhudzana. Ndipo, mwachiwonekere, zimadzuka makamaka chifukwa chakuti kulankhulana (kulumikizana ndi interlocutor) kumatipweteka.
Kodi mumauza amayi anu kuti mwakula kale ndipo simukufuna kukwaniritsa zofunikira zake zonse?
Kodi mumauza bwanji bwana kuti sadapereke ntchitoyi chifukwa cha izo (kapena zolakwika zomwe zinayambitsa polojekiti)?
Munthu wathanzi (ngati alipo), mwachiwonekere, amachitira bwino. Izi ndizo, amadziŵa kuti adzayenera kunama, kapena kusinthira ku mutu wina. Kwa iye ndi njira yokha yothetsera vutolo. Chinthu china ndi pamene munthu ali ndi vuto lomwelo (ndipo apa njira za psyche ndizosavomerezeka).
Pokhala osadziŵa kuthetsa vutoli kapena kupweteka maganizo (kudandaula, kuchoka muunyamata chifukwa chosachita, sanamvetsetse ndipo anasiya kuthetsa funso lomwe silinathetseke palokha), akukakamizidwa kuti azigwiritsa ntchito njira imodzimodziyo yotetezera psyche kuchokera ku chiwonongeko cha dziko lapansi, kale.
Zambiri mu Gestalt psychology, njira zotetezera zimaganiziridwa mu mabuku akuluakulu. Kwenikweni, buku lalikulu lamabuku atatu akhoza kudzipereka pofufuza mtundu umodzi wa chitetezo. Kapena maphikidwe azing'ono akhoza kufalikira kupyolera mu bukhuli mwa mawonekedwe a zojambula zing'onozing'ono.
Komabe, mu gestalt yonseyi palibe njira zothetsera, "mapiritsi" oyambirira. Ndipo chifukwa chake mtundu uwu wa psychotherapy ndiwothandiza kwambiri.
Kodi ndi chitetezo chotani chomwe chimapangidwira muubwana, unyamata, wamkulu?
Pali mitundu yochepa ya njira zotetezera mu gestalt psychology. Kufotokozera uku, kuyambitsanso, retroflection, fusion. Zimamveka zoopsya, koma maganizo a Gestalt a njira zotetezera ndizosavuta.
Mgwirizano
Kuyanjana ndi njira yomwe imalola mayi kulera mwana. Pano, nthawi zambiri timamva "ife" mmalo mwa "Ine ndi iye." Kumbukirani kuyimitsa amayi ndi oyendayenda: "Ife pokakali" kapena "Tinadya dzulo kashka." Pamene mwana akukula, "ndife anthu abwino, tili ndi asanu apamwamba", koma "tinakwatirana" sitinganene.
Koma makolo akupitiriza kukhala ndi moyo chifukwa cha mwana wawo, kumusiya maganizo ake. Ndipo sizowopsya zokhazokha: mwana wakula msinkhu amakakamizika kuganizira nthawi zonse maganizo a amayi ndi abambo. Kotero izo zikhoza kupitirira kwamuyaya, ndipo ngakhale atamwalira. "Zoonadi", amayi ndi abambo akuluakulu, omwe akuganiza kuti ali aang'ono kwambiri, amakhala ndi ife kwa nthawi yaitali. Koma kokha mpaka nthawi imene munthu sapeza umphumphu wake.
Choncho, mosiyana ndi chikhalidwe cha chilengedwe cha kugwirizana, musaganize pa "njira yotsatizana" yotsatira kwa mwamuna wanu, pamene akukuyang'anani ndi chisanu. Mwinamwake siziri mu mchere wamchere, osati chifukwa chakuti tsitsi lanu ndi loipa - ndizo chabe kuti watopa ...
Kukonzekera
Dziyeseni nokha zomwe mukufuna kuchita kwa ena kapena kupeza kwa ena - ndilo dzina lenileni la "kulingalira." Banal kwambiri, ngakhale chitsanzo chokhumudwitsa, ndi wothandizira yemwe "amalandira mphatso" maluwa ochokera kwa munthu wosadziwika, yemwe amamudziwa, ngakhale kuti aliyense akudziwa kuti sakukumana naye aliyense. Ndipo woopsa kwambiri ndi wachinyamata, kotero "makolo ake" amamupha, kuti amadzipha.
Kodi pali mgwirizano wotani pakati pawo? Zophweka kwambiri. Amafuna kubwezera makolo ake, koma izi ndizobwezera. Kotero inu mukhoza kuwapweteka kwambiri kwa inu nokha ndi osalunjika - kwa iwo ... Kumbukirani izi, pamene muvomereza kuti simukumva bwino - khalani ogwira ntchito nthawi yambiri kapena pitani kudziko kumene inu mumalumidwa ndi udzudzu.
Inde, ngati mumaganizira bwino zomwe mumapindula - "mwamuna adzalandaula ndipo safunanso kuti apite kwa makolo", ndipo mumapita ku chizunzo, mukapeza "mabhonasi" awo, ndiye palibe chodetsa nkhawa. Pamene malipirowa ndi osavomerezeka ndi "phindu", ndithudi mudzaima ...
Kutsegula
Kutulutsidwa ndi "kukoma mtima" kuchokera ku malamulo a kulera ana. Dziko lonse lapansi kwa iye ndi dziko losadziwika kwa iye, iye amadziwa kokha kuchokera ku malingaliro a ena. Koma m'kupita kwa nthawi, timadziwa kwambiri za zochitika zenizeni, ngakhale zilibe zinthu, koma za mfundo, mfundo.
Munthu wachikulire kale ali ndi zochitika zinazake. Koma zimakhalanso kuti ngakhale munthu wamkulu "adagulidwa" kuti adzalengeze "makina ochapira omwe amawoneka kulikonse." Ndipo choopsa kwambiri ndi munthu amene amakonda "kuteteza". Ndi zopanda phindu kufunsa, "chifukwa cha azungu iye kapena chifukwa chake" - monga momwe amachitira pafupi ndi mnzako ndi mchere, nthawi zonse amapereka, monga momwe akuwonekera, njira yabwino kwambiri.
Ndipo pamene kwa mayi woteroyo amabwera mzanga ndi thumba la zodzoladzola ndi kabukhutu - Ndikuwopa ngakhale kulingalira kuti chiwonongeko chopanda chikwama chidzatha ...
Malamulo ndi malamulo ayenera kukhala "ake", momveka bwino, kuti musakhale okhumudwa ndi zochita zanu. Iwo sanadzifunse okha "chifukwa chiyani ine?". Mutha kusintha izo, kuchuluka kwa momwe mukufuna. Koma kodi sitimayo ikuyenda mpaka pati, pomwe sitimayo imasintha nthawi zonse?
Chipolopolo choteteza chimakhala chochepa ...
Kotero, monga momwe Gestalt amaganizira, njira zotetezera zimatithandiza kukula, kusintha, ndi kudziwa dziko lapansi. Koma pokhapokha ngati sangakhale mabaki athu osadziwika pa njira yopambana, chisangalalo chayekha ndi moyo.