Palibe holide yomwe ingakhale yopanda mowa. Ndipo ziribe kanthu kuchuluka kwa momwe timauzidwira kuti mowa umawononga thanzi, tonsefe timapitiriza kuchigwiritsa ntchito. Posachedwapa, anthu amakonda kwambiri zakumwa zoledzeretsa zomwe zimabwera kuchokera kudziko lina: whiskey, absinthe, scotch ndi zina zotero. M'nkhani ino tidzakambirana za absinthe.
Momwe izo zinayambira
Choyambirira cha absinthe ndi chomera chowawa, chimene amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Agiriki akale monga mankhwala. Kuchokera pachiyambi, zakumwa izi zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zachipatala ndipo zinkaonedwa kuti ndipadera kwa matenda onse. Dzina lake loyamba ndi fairy wobiriwira.
Monga chakumwa choledzeretsa, absinthe idayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kale muzaka za zana la 18. Anapangidwa kuchokera ku mowa ndi chowawa chowopsya. Kuti tipeze kukoma kwapadera, tinawonjezera zitsamba zosiyana. Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo, kukoma kwakhalabe kofanana - kumakhala ndi kulawa kowawa komanso fungo lolimba la anyezi ndi chitsamba chowawa.
Kupanga mafakitale a absinthe kunayamba mu 1797. Pomwepo ndiye kuti chomera chake choyamba chinatsegulidwa. Wopanga dzinali anali Henry-Louis Pernod. Poyamba kumwa izi kunatengedwa ku France. Kumeneko, anadwala zilonda ndi matenda otentha. Zaka makumi angapo pambuyo pake, malondawa adatchuka m'mayiko ena. Mu kanthawi kochepa adadziwika kutchuka kwa anthu ndipo anayamba kutchedwa "zakumwa za bohemia." Iwo anali olemba ndakatulo ndi olemba, omwe nthawi zambiri ankatchula momwe analengera momwe angamve absinthe bwino. Ngakhale Picasso adakumbukira zakumwa zokongola izi ndipo anapanga mkuwa wamtengo wapatali, womwe adautcha "Galasi ya absinthe."
Mikangano ndi kukayikira
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, absinthe idayamba kunyozeka. Anthu amasiku ano anayamba kuganiza kuti kugwiritsa ntchito absinthe mopitirira muyeso kumabweretsa mavuto a maganizo. Ndipo iwo omwe amamwa mowa ichi molakwika, amavutika ndi matenda amanjenje kapena kuledzeretsa kosatha. Kotero, kugulitsa ndi kupanga zakumwa pang'onopang'ono zinatha. Ndipo m'mayiko ambiri a ku Europe ndipo adaletsa kuti tigulitse. Phunziro linayamba. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, madokotala adakhumudwa. Anthuwa omwe adamwa zakumwa zambirizi, amadwala kwambiri. Ndipo nthawi zina zotsatira zake zinali zowawa kwambiri - schizophrenia. Mwachitsanzo, nkhaniyi inalembedwa kumene, pogwiritsa ntchito absinthe ndi mowa wina, mlimi Jean Lanfrey anawombera banja lake.
Madokotala anaganiza kuti chifukwa chomwe chinakhudza chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi chidziwitso - chinthu chophatikizira chomwe chinali mu absinthe. Koma patapita nthawi mawu awa adatsutsidwa. Pambuyo pake, kuvulaza thupi silinali thujone, koma mowa wochuluka kwambiri komanso malo okhalamo. Kusuta kumakhala pafupifupi 72 peresenti ya mowa.
M'mayiko a EU, kuletsa ntchito ndi ntchito ya absinthe kunachotsedwa mu 1981. Switzerland, malo obadwirako mowa, anachotsa malire a mochedwa, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 2100. Ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo, chikhalidwecho chinakhazikitsidwa kuti zomwe zili mu absinthe siziyenera kukhala pamwamba pazizolowezi.
Absinthe yamakono
Absinthe yamakono ali ndi mphamvu yomweyo monga kale-madigiri 70. Koma pakupanga kwake, mowa wokwera kwambiri komanso zinthu zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimatsatira malamulo onse. Chomaliza, sikulankhula za kuti mukhoza kumwa mowa kwambiri, chifukwa chakumwa mowa kwambiri kumavulaza thupi lathu.
Opinthe yamakono ingakhale ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana: ya chikasu, ya bulauni, yoonekera, yofiira, ya emerald yowala komanso yobiriwira. Asanagwiritsire ntchito absinthe kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi, yomwe imakhala yosaoneka bwino.
Kusiyana kwa absinthe kumasiyana mosiyana. Absinthe yamtengo wapatali komanso yopambana kwambiri imapangidwa kuchokera ku mowa wamphesa, zotsika mtengo zimakhala ndi mowa wamba ndi masamba owuma. Kusowa kosavuta kwambiri ndiko komwe kumapangidwa kuchokera ku mowa ndi kuwonjezera pa zofunikira zomwe zimachokera.
Pa masamulo a sitolo mungapeze zambiri poddelokabsenta. Dziwani kuti opaleshoniyo ndi yophweka - idzakhala ndi tinthu tating'ono. Mwachitsanzo, "absinthe", pokhala ndi mphamvu ya madigiri 55 ndi chokoma chokoma, chomwe mulibe mafuta ofunikira, ndipo palibe chomwe chimagwirizana ndi absinthe yamakono. Phindu lokha lakumwa ndilosavuta kumwera poyerekeza ndi vodka.
Kumwa mowa absinthe bwino
Ngati mwasankha kuyesa zakumwa zozizwitsa izi, muyenera kukumbukira malamulo ochepa omwe mungamve moyenera. Choyamba, muyenera kudziyesa nokha kuti kusinthasintha ndikumwa kowawa, madzi ozizira amawonjezeredwa kuti athetsere chisautso. Madzi ayenera kutsanulidwa kupyolera mu supuni yapadera ya holey, yomwe ndi shuga wofiira. Shuga amachotsa kupsya mtima pang'ono, ndipo zakumwa zimakhala ndi kukoma kokoma. Mbewu yabwino kwambiri yothandizira madzi ndi 1: 5, ndiko kuti, gawo limodzi la zakumwa kwa magawo asanu a madzi. Ngati mukufuna kuthetseratu mkwiyo m'kamwa mwako, onjezerani ku absinthe chidutswa cha mandimu ilima.
Kuchokera ku absinthe yapamwamba sudzaledzera. Zotsatira zidzakhala zosiyana. Ndipo aliyense amamva zonse mosiyana. Wina yemwe amamwa mtundu pang'ono, koma wina ali wokonzeka kutembenuzira mapiri. Anthu ena amakhala osangalala ndipo amafuna kumwetulira, ndipo ena amatha kukhala achisoni. Chirichonse chimadalira ndi maganizo. Choncho, musanayambe absinthe, ndi bwino kuthetsa nkhawa, kuchepetsa ndi kukhazikitsa mtima wabwino.
Njira zokonzekera za absinthe
Njira yomwe idabwera kuchokera ku France imasiyana ndi chikhalidwe chofanana ndi madzi. Mbali imodzi ya absinthe imatsanulira mu galasi, ndipo madzi atatu ozizira amathiridwa mu supuni yapadera ndi shuga.
Njira ya Czech imasiyana ndi mwambo wamakhadi. Sichitha madzi. Tengani supuni, itenthe. Pambuyo pake, ikani kasupe wa shuga wofiira ndi kutsanulira absinthe. Chotsatira chake, uvass idzapeza chakudya cha absinthe ndi shuga wosungunuka. The chifukwa chodyera n'kofunika kumwa pang'ono ofunda.
Palinso njira ya ku Russia yogwiritsira ntchito zakumwa izi. Mwapadera, siketi imakonzedwa kuchokera ku shuga, kenako imadzipukutidwa ndi zakumwa moyenera. Chinsinsichi chimachepetsa kulawa kowawa kwa absinthe.
Imwani ikhoza kuledzera ndi mawonekedwe abwino, osasuntha. Kenaka muwagwiritse ntchito mankhwala ochepa, osapitirira 30 magalamu panthawi imodzi.
Kodi kupuma kungakhale koopsa?
Monga tanenera kale, palibe chomwe chili ndi thujone. Zambiri, zingakhale zovulaza, chifukwa ndi mtundu wa mankhwala. Anthu ena omwe amadya kwambiri kusinthasintha, kunali kugwidwa ndi matenda a khunyu, kukhumudwa, kunakhalanso kusokonekera kwa dongosolo lamanjenje ndi zinthu zina zosasangalatsa.
Madokotala ena samalimbikitsa kumwa zakumwa nthawi zonse, chifukwa zimayambitsa kudalira.
Kuyambira pa zomwe tatchulazi, tikhoza kunena kuti: pang'onopang'ono absinthe ndi yotetezeka. Zimakhala ndi mpumulo ndipo sizikuvulaza thupi. Komabe, muzigawo zazikulu, zikhoza kuwonongeko kwambiri mu thupi. Choncho, ndibwino kuti musagwiritse ntchito molakwa.