• Erythrocyte - maselo ofiira opanda phokoso - maselo ambirimbiri a magazi. Zili ngati ma disk ndipo zili ndi mapuloteni otchedwa hemoglobin.
Maselo oyera - maselo oyera - ali mbali ya chitetezo cha mthupi. Ntchito yawo yaikulu ndi kuteteza thupi ku matenda.
• Ma plateti ndi maselo akulu kwambiri. Amathandiza magazi kuti aphimbe pamene pali zovulala ndi zowonongeka. Mwazi ukhoza kugwirana mkati mwa thupi lathu.
Ndiye pali mikwingwirima, magazi. Ngati thrombus imayamba mkati mwa mitsempha, ikhoza kusokoneza magazi, ndipo motero mpweya umaperekedwa. Sitiroko ndizo zotsatira za magazi. Koma pakadali pano, thrombi imavala mitsempha yomwe imadyetsa ubongo. Pogwiritsa ntchito magazi, thanzi lake limakhudza pafupifupi chilichonse: mpweya umene timapuma, chakudya ndi madzi omwe timamwa. Madzi a m'nyanja ndi uchi ndi omwe ali pafupi kwambiri ndi magazi. Sizowopsa kuti madokotala amalangiza kuti azigwiritsa ntchito iwo kuti azidzaza zinthu zofunika m'thupi. Choncho ndibwino kusambira m'nyanja yamadzi ndikusambira ndi madzi amchere. Uchi uyenera kutengedwa popanda kusungunula m'madzi otentha. Pa kutentha kwakukulu, zinthu zambiri zothandiza zowonongeka zimawonongedwa. Mpunga wam'mimba ndi zipatso ndiwonso othandizira kwambiri magazi.
Kodi tikudziwa chiyani za magazi?
• Kwa amayi, magazi amatha pafupifupi 3,9 malita, ndipo amuna amatha malita 5.2.
• Mwazi umayenda mthupi lonse, umadutsa pafupifupi kulikonse, pogwiritsa ntchito mitsempha, mitsempha ndi capillaries. Amanyamula mpweya pamodzi ndi thupi, zakudya, mahomoni, mavitamini ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe moyo wathu ndi thanzi lathu zimadalira. Ndi kupambana komweko, mwazi umatenga carbon dioxide ndi zinyalala za metabolism (uric acid, madzi ochuluka, ndi zina zotero).
• Pamene magazi ambiri amabwera ku limba, imatuluka, komanso mosiyana. Magazi amapereka kutentha, ndipo kutentha kwake kumakhala ndi thupi. Ndikofunika kuti magazi atithandize kuteteza thupi ku majeremusi, tikhalebe ndi chitetezo. Thupi lathu limatetezedwa ku kutayika kwa magazi, chifukwa magazi amatha kutseka pamene chikhulupiliro cha ziwalo chimasokonekera.
Kudziwa ndi dontho la magazi
Aliyense wa ife kamodzi m'moyo wanga adapereka magazi. Pofuna kufotokoza pepala loperekedwa mu labotale ndi zotsatira, nkofunikira kumvetsa zomwe ziwonetsero zimasonyezedwa apo ndi zomwe akutanthauza. Mzere woyamba wa kufufuza kwa kachipangizo kawirikawiri ndi maselo ofiira a magazi. Kwa munthu wathanzi, ayenera kukhala 4.5-5 miliyoni / l (mwa amuna) ndi 3.5-4.5 miliyoni / l (mwa akazi). Ngati kafukufukuyo akuwonetsa ndalama zochepa, ndiye kuti muzimvetsera hemoglobin. Kuchepetsa maselo ofiira a magazi kungapangidwe ndi kuchepa kwa magazi. Chiwerengero chochuluka cha leukocyte chimasonyeza kachilombo kabakiteriya. Ngati maselo oyera agwa, ndiye kuti thupi limalandira kachilomboka. Pofuna kufotokozera za matendawa, m'pofunika kuyang'ana chiwerengero cha maselo omwe amachotsedwa mosiyana ndi leukocyte. Mwachitsanzo:
• Chiwerengero chowonjezereka cha tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amapanga leukocyte, amalankhula za kudwala. Chizoloŵezi cha maselo amenewa ndi 5 peresenti. Koma zimakhalanso kuti kusanthula kukuwonetsa kuchulukira kwachizoloŵezi, ndipo palibe zizindikiro zoonekeratu za zovuta. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika kuyang'ana ndi wotsutsa komanso kuyesa mayendedwe;
• Kuwonjezeka kwa ma neutrophils, omwe ali mtundu wa leukocyte, umasonyeza kuti kutupa kwa purulent, ndi omwe amatchedwa "mawere aang'ono" angasonyeze matenda aakulu a khansa ya m'magazi.
Kuphimba kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi mapulogalamu. Ngati chiwerengero chawo chichepa, ndiye kuti kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi komanso ngakhale khansa kungatheke. Koma mlingo wochepa wa mapaleti ndi wotheka mimba. Pa chiwerengero chokwanira cha 50,000 / l, munthu akhoza kufa ndi kutuluka magazi. Ndi mapepala apamwamba, dokotala wanu angayang'ane za khansa ya m'magazi, diphtheria, kapena malungo. Chofunika kwambiri pamayesero a magazi ndi mlingo wa erythrocyte sedimentation (ESR). Ngati ana omwe ali ndi chiwerengerochi ndi 2.5 mm ora, ndiye kuti akuluakulu - 8 mm. Kuwonjezeka kwa ESR mu kutupa, monga mapapo kapena impso. Mlingo wa shuga m'magazi umasonyeza kuti thupi limatulutsa shuga. Ngati m'mawa pa shuga yopanda kanthu ndiposa 6.1, ndiye kuti munthu ali ndi chizoloŵezi cha shuga. Ndipo mlingo wa madokotala 7.1 nthawi zambiri amaika kale matendawa.
Ngati mwazi uli wandiweyani
Kuwonjezeka kwa coagulability kwa magazi - chifukwa cha maonekedwe a mitsempha ya varicose, thrombophlebitis, matenda a mtima ndi stroke. Kawirikawiri vuto ngati limeneli limayanjanitsidwa ndi kusowa kwa madzi m'thupi. Yambani kumwa madzi okwanira okwanira, ndipo mamasukidwe akayendedwe a magaziwa abwererenso mwachibadwa. Idyani ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso, kumwa madzi amchere ndi timadziti, koma kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa tiyi wakuda, khofi ndi mowa zomwe zimatulutsa maselo. Zakudya zam'madzi ndi tomato zimathandiza kuchepetsa magazi coagulability. Ndi zothandiza kumwa udzu winawake ndi adyo timadziti. Magazi a zipatso za kirberry ndi mphesa yamphesa amathiridwe. Yang'anirani zomwe zili ndi ayodini mu zakudya, chifukwa zimachepetsa mamasukidwe akayendedwe a magazi, zimakweza mitsempha ya magazi, zimachepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi. Idyani nsomba, nyanja kabichi, feijoa. Koma kumbukirani kuti kuchuluka kwa ayodini kumayipiranso. Komabe n'zotheka kutenga tincture ku peel ya zipatso za kavalo wamatchi. Tengani kapu ya peel ndikutsanulira 0,5 malita a mowa wamphamvu. Imani m'malo amdima kwa masabata awiri, mavuto. Sungani tincture mufiriji. Tengani mimba yopanda kanthu pa madontho 25, kusakaniza ndi 1/4 chikho madzi, 2 pa tsiku (m'mawa ndi madzulo). Pambuyo pake simungadyepo kale kuposa maminiti 30. Njira ya mankhwala ndi masabata atatu. Kenaka pumulani kwa sabata ndikubwezeretsanso mankhwala. Ngati mumakonda kumwa magazi kwambiri, musagwiritse ntchito mankhwala a nettle. Mamasukidwe akayendedwe a magazi amakhalanso kuchokera ku parsley, aluso.
Kuchiza mankhwala
Ndi nthenda iliyonse ya magazi, choyamba, ndikofunika kumvetsa zomwe zimayambitsa ndi kuzichotsa. Apo ayi, chithandizo sichingagwire ntchito.
• Ngati ndizosafunika kudya zakudya zoperewera, ndiye kuti m'kudya n'kofunika, choyamba, kuonjezera chiwerengero cha mankhwala omwe amathandiza kupanga magazi. Ndi buckwheat, yomwe ili ndi chitsulo chambiri, beet, chiwindi ndi nyama. Koma musamazunze chiwindi, makamaka pa nthawi ya mimba. Amatsuka zinthu zonse zovulaza, kuzichotsa m'magazi. Choncho, idyani bwino moyenera.
• Ndibwino kuti mudye zonona, mkaka ndi mazira.
Gwiritsani ntchito kokha mkaka pokhapokha kwa ena, mwinamwake sangathe kukumba bwino. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, muyenera kudziwa kuti ndibwino kumwa mkaka muzakudya zazing'ono, podzitetezera, kuti zakudya zomwe zimachokera m'thupi zikhale bwino m'matumbo ndipo palibe kudzimbidwa.
• Mbewu, mapira, mpiru, komanso mtedza, mbewu ndi zipatso zimathandiza, makamaka mabulosi a blueberries, strawberries ndi raspberries.
• Matenda a magazi amatha kuthandiza mphesa, nthochi, komanso olemba mavitamini C omwe ali ndi vitamini C - adyo ndi anyezi (makamaka wobiriwira). Katsabola ndi tsabola wobiriwira ndi othandiza.
• Idyani uchi wamdima, karoti wouma ndi kirimu wowawasa. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi a masamba: sakanizani madzi a beets, kaloti ndi radishes ndipo mutenge mankhwalawa kwa 1 tbsp. l. 3 pa tsiku musanadye chakudya 3 miyezi mzere.
• Tayi iliyonse ya multivitamin, kuphatikizapo currant yakuda, phiri la phulusa, zakumwa zakumwa, ndi zabwino. Yesani, mwachitsanzo, kake. Thirani makapu 2 a madzi otentha 2 tsp. zipatso za phulusa lopaka phulusa, lolani ilo likhale la ora limodzi, yikani shuga kuti mulawe ndi kumwa zakudya 3-4 tsiku lonse.
Kodi nthenda yamagazi imachokera kuti?
Matenda a magazi ndi kusowa kwa magazi m'magazi. Ndipo zimayambitsa matendawa, nyongolotsi, zakudya zoperewera komanso chakudya chokwanira. Kwa ana a zaka zisanu zoyambirira za moyo, adokotala amapeza matenda a anemia omwe ali ndi hemoglobin m'magazi pansipa 110 g / l. Kwa ana oposa zaka zisanu ndi akulu - pa mlingo pansi pa 120 g / l. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti akatswiri a maganizo azindikira kuti anthu omwe amaopa moyo nthawi zambiri amadwala matenda ochepetsa magazi m'thupi. Iwo amaganiza kuti iwo si abwino kwa dziko lino. Ngati nanunso muli ndi vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi, bwerezani mawu tsiku ndi tsiku: "Ndimakonda moyo. Ndimasangalala ndi moyo. Kukhala ndi moyo ndi kusangalala ndi moyo ndi kotetezeka. Ndine wokondwa kuti ndikukhala m'dziko lino. " Kupanda chitsulo ndiko chifukwa chofala kwambiri cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi. Ziwalo zimayamba kulandira mpweya wochepa, popeza chitsulo chimathandizira kunyamula kupyolera mu thupi. Chotsatira chake, chitetezo chotsika chimachepa, chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana chimakula, kutopa ndi kusasamala zikuwonekera. Ndipo ana amatha kuchepetsa kukula ndi kukula kwa maganizo. Mu ziwalo zomwe zimasowa mpweya ndi chitsulo, kusintha kwa nthawi kumayamba kuchitika, zomwe zimachititsa kuti ntchito yawo ndi thanzi lawo liwonongeke. Zifukwa zochepetsa hemoglobini m'magazi mwina kungakhale kupanda vitamini kotere, monga B12. Nthawi zambiri matendawa amapezeka chifukwa cha mavuto omwe amapezeka m'mimba ndi m'matumbo. Zikatero, vitaminiyi imalowa mu magazi.
Kodi magulu a magazi amawoneka motani?
Aliyense wamva kuti magazi ali ndi gulu ndi Rh factor. Zizindikirozi zimadalira maonekedwe a mapuloteni omwe ali pamaselo a magazi. Gulu la magazi mwa munthu silikusintha pa moyo wawo wonse. Asayansi amanena kuti kamodzi kokha anthu anali ndi gulu loyamba la magazi, koma tsopano akudziwa anayi. Kodi iwo anafika bwanji? Pali ziphunzitso zambiri za sayansi, ndipo apa pali ndondomeko imodzi. Izi zinachitika pang'onopang'ono, monga munthu wowonjezerapo kudya zakudya zatsopano. Anthu omwe ali ndi gulu loyamba la magazi amadyetsedwa chifukwa cha kusaka, choncho maziko a zakudya zawo anali mapuloteni a nyama. Patapita nthawi, anthu akale anayamba kudya ndi kubzala zinthu, kuti gulu lachiwiri la magazi liwonekere. Kotero thupi likusintha ndi mtundu watsopano wa zakudya.
Gulu lachitatu la magazi linadza pamene chakudya chinadzaza ndi mkaka. Pali lingaliro lakuti gulu lachinayi la magazi liripo zaka 1000 zokha. Asayansi samvetsa bwino lomwe zomwe zikugwirizana nazo.
Kodi khalidwe lanu ndi lotani?
Poyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, a Furuqawa Takeshi a Japan adanena kuti pali mgwirizano pakati pa gulu la magazi ndi umunthu wa munthu.
Yoyamba
Zimakhulupirira kuti anthu omwe ali ndi gulu lakale la magazi ayenera kudzipangira okha ndi zakudya zamtundu kuti akhalebe olimba ndi opirira. Monga zokongoletsa iwo adzakhala masamba abwino. Ndi zakudya zowonjezera, ndi bwino kusakaniza mapuloteni. Mbewu ndi masamba zimatha kuchepetsedwa, monga mbatata ndi mazira. Kuchokera kuzinyama za nyama zimalimbikitsidwa kudya nyama yambiri, yomwe ingasinthidwe ndi nkhuku kapena nsomba. Anthu oterowo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi matenda a m'mimba.
Yachiwiri
Ndi bwino kumamatira ku zakudya zamasamba, komanso kuchepetsa nyama, komanso mkaka. Komabe, mankhwala okhwima mkaka ndi ndalama zochepa zimathandiza. Pa tebulo ayenera kukhala soy, nyemba ndi mbewu. Mbatata, kabichi ndi chimanga bwino kudya pang'ono, monga mazira, ndi nkhuku. Amene ali ndi magazi a gulu lachiwiri akhoza kudwala matenda a shuga, shuga, matenda a mtima, matenda a mphumu, chifuwa chachikulu, ma leukemias nthawi zambiri kuposa ena.
Chachitatu
Mkaka mwa mtundu uliwonse umathandiza kwambiri kwa oimira gululi. Masewera a nyama, komanso nyama zopangidwa kuchokera ku ziweto (mwachitsanzo, mwanawankhosa), ndizoyenera kudya. Mbewu, zipatso ndi mazira zimafota moyenera. Mungathe kuphatikiza zakudya zosiyanasiyana, koma, chofunikira kwambiri, zakudyazo ziyenera kukhala zoyenera. Kwa chakudya cha ndiwo zamasamba ndibwino kuwonjezera nyama ndi mkaka (makamaka kefir kapena yogurt). Zopanda nkhuku, komanso zipatso zofiira (tomato, makangaza, persimmons ndi ena). Anthu omwe ali ndi gulu lachitatu la magazi amatha kudwala chibayo, ndipo atatha opaleshoni, matenda osiyanasiyana ndi sepsis. Iwo ali ndi chizolowezi cha radiculitis, osteochondrosis ndi olowa matenda.
Chachinayi
Anthu omwe ali ndi gulu la magazi amenewa ayenera kumvetsera kuti alimbikitse chitetezo cha mthupi. Nthawi zambiri amatha kuzizira, amatha kutenga chiwindi ndi matenda ena. Ndikofunika kuti zakudyazo zikhale ndi masamba ambiri komanso zipatso zambiri zamtamini.
Sambani magazi
M'mayiko ena ku Ulaya ndi ku Japan, madokotala ambiri amapereka kwa anthu opitirira 50 kuti amwe kuti athetse ndalama zoyera magazi kwa milungu itatu pachaka. Amathandizira kukhala ndi chitetezo chokhazikika komanso kuchepetsa thupi, kutulutsa thupi la mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya.
Ndikufuna kukhala wopereka!
Kukhala wopereka ndi wolemekezeka kwambiri. Koma izi kuchokera ku zopereka zinali zopindulitsa, ndikofunikira kudziwa nthawi ndi momwe zimaloledwera kupereka magazi, ndi kangati zomwe zingatheke. Pambuyo pa zonse, pali zotsutsana zenizeni ndi zogwirizana ndi kudzipereka kwa magazi.
• Zimaletsedwa kugawira magazi kwa Edzi ndi matenda a chiwindi, chiwerewere ndi chifuwa chachikulu cha mphumu.
• Muyenera kudutsa osachepera mwezi umodzi pambuyo pa chimfine kapena ARVI, musanapite ku magazi.
• Pambuyo pazigawo za dzino, mukhoza kukhala wopereka chithandizo pambuyo pa masiku khumi, ndipo mutatha ntchito zina - patapita miyezi 6. Mndandanda wa zotsutsana ndi zoperewera zimaperekedwa ndi dokotala pachiyambi choyesa, zomwe kawirikawiri zimachitika munthu asanakhale wopereka. Kwa masiku awiri musanatenge magazi, muyenera kusiya zakudya zonse, zokazinga, kusuta ndi zokometsera, komanso mazira ndi mkaka. Komanso, mankhwala aliwonse ndi zakumwa zoledzeretsa amaletsedwa, koma umamwa madzi ambiri. Pa malo opatsirizidwa, tulukani m'mawa popanda chopanda kanthu ndipo mukhale ndi tulo tosangalatsa. Ndiye mumasintha njirayi mosavuta. Ngati mupereka magazi athunthu, sikudzatenga mphindi khumi. Koma kuperekera kwa platelets kumathera maola awiri. Pamene mupereka madokotala a m'magazi a magazi amakupatsani mphindi 40. Pambuyo popereka magazi, musafulumire kuthamanga mwamsanga pa bizinesi. Khalani bwino ndi kumvetsera maganizo anu. Musaiwale kutenga chikalata chopereka kuti mutha kugwira ntchito yowonjezera masiku ogwira ntchito, komanso mutenge kachidutswa ka chakudya. Kupumula kochuluka, khalani ndi tulo tokwana, yendani, idyani bwino. Musaiwale za masamba atsopano ndi zipatso, kumwa madzi ambiri ndi tiyi. Kumbukirani kuti mpaka kubweretsa magazi kumapeto kwa miyezi iwiri, ndipo patapita nthawi 4-5 mutha kupuma kwa miyezi itatu. Ngati munapereka magawo ena a magazi, ulendo wotsatira wa chinthucho sungakhalepo pasanathe miyezi iwiri, koma muyenera kupita kuchipatala. Mwa njira, pakati pa zopereka za magazi, mungagwiritse ntchito njira zowonjezera hemoglobin ndi hemopoiesis. Izi zikhoza kukhala zitsamba ndi timadziti, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchepa magazi m'thupi.
Ngati mukudwala
Ndi nthenda iliyonse m'magazi, nambala ya mavairasi imakula. Polimbana ndi matendawa, maselo a mthupi ndi mankhwala amawapha. Mwa kupha, mavairasi amataya poizoni m'magazi, omwe amachulukitsa katundu pa zamoyo zodwala. Muzochitika zotero phula lidzakhala ndi mphamvu yoyeretsa. Tengani pulojekiti yaing'ono, itchetseni nthawi yonse yomwe ingatheke ndi kuimeza. Chitani izi 3-4 pa tsiku kwa 1 -1.5 maola musanadye. Kawirikawiri ndi chimfine, matenda opweteka amayenera kumwa madzi a cranberry kapena mimba. Cranberries ndi othandizanso popewera kusokonezeka kwa magazi. Imwani madzi a kiranberi ndi uchi (kulawa) 1-2 pa chaka kwa masabata atatu. Mu sabata yoyamba, imwani chikho 0,5 patsiku, yachiwiri - 2 pa tsiku, ndi lachitatu - 1 nthawi patsiku. Musagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa ngati muli ndi acidic kapena muli ndi matenda aakulu, monga zilonda za m'mimba kapena chilonda cha m'mimba.