Kodi chikhalidwe cha mitundu ndi chiani? Mbiri ya mafashoni sakudziwa kalembedwe kake, kodabwitsa komanso kodabwitsa. Ndondomekoyi yawonekera chifukwa cha chikhalidwe cha a hippies. Kukhala kwawo konse, malingaliro a dziko lapansi, njira ya moyo inakhala yotsutsana ndi malamulo omwe amavomerezedwa kwambiri ndi makhalidwe ake. M'zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi zapitazo zapitazo, hippies adasiya njira za ku Ulaya, ndipo adapita ku mbiri yakale ya Africa, East ndi Central America. Mu moyo, osati kokha maonekedwe a dziko lapansi, khalidwe, komanso miyambo ya miyambo yambiri mu zovala, nsapato, zovala. Mbiri ya mafashoni yapeza njira zatsopano zatsopano, zosagwirizana ndi zitukuko za ku Ulaya.
Gawo lachiwiri la zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi lidawoneka ndi maonekedwe ochititsa manyazi a miniketi. Nsapato zazikuluzikulu kuphatikizapo super mini, kugwiritsa ntchito kupanga, zipangizo zopangira dziko lonse. Zinkawoneka kuti m'tsogolo mchitidwe wa "cosmic" umangotiyembekezera, kuti sipadzakhalanso kubwerera kuzosewera. Koma ndi zabwino kuti zonsezi zinachitika mosiyana.
Azondi sanasinthe okha. Kusewera kwachikwama kaketiketi yaing'ono, ankatsutsidwa ndi miketi yayitali yokhala ndi zipangizo zachilengedwe ndi jeans. Pa nthawi imene aliyense ankakonda zovala zamakono, anyamata osadziwika sanasankhe mizere yoyendayenda, zolinga zachikhalidwe.
Pochita chitsanzo kuti atsatire anthu a ku East East, a hippies ankavala zovala zomwe sizinawonongeke. Zina mwa izo, titha kusiyanitsa zovala ndi madiresi kuchokera ku nsalu zopangidwa ndi magetsi, "zovala" zowonongeka ndi nsapato, saris za Indian ndi zovala za amonke a Tibet. Chofunika kwambiri pamoyo chinali chogwirizana ndi chilengedwe. Ndipo izo zinawonetseredwa mu chirichonse, ngakhale mu zovala. Zinapangidwira zokhazokha zachilengedwe, makamaka - ndi manja awo.
Ana a maluwa samatsanzira anthu a Kum'maŵa okha. Iwo anauziridwa ndi mbiriyakale ya a Moroccani, Amwenye Achimereka, a Gypsies. Anali ma hippies amene adatsegulanso mafakitale a ku India, mafakitale a ku Mexican, malaya a ku Moroka, maketi okongola a gypsy, zipangizo zopangidwa ndi mikanda, mabala, ndi zina zambiri.
Kodi mafashoni ankachita zotani pochita zinthu zosangalatsa? Kodi kalembedwe kameneka kanakhudza bwanji mbiri ya mafashoni? Zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi zapitazo zinali zovuta zaka khumi m'mbiri ya mafashoni. Chidziwikiritso cha nthawiyi chikupezeka kuti machitidwe a mafashoni amasunthira kuchoka m'misewu kupita ku malo osinthika, osati mosiyana. Otsanzira olemba mayina a dziko adalimbikitsa machitidwe a machitidwe a msewu. Zatsopanozi zinapangidwa ndi kusintha, ndikusandulika ntchito ya luso.
Chimodzi mwa zoyambirira chinatembenuzidwira mtundu wa ethno wa Yves Saint Laurent. Mu 1960, "rocker brides" adadza pa podium. Zozizira zakuda, zikopa za chikopa. Msonkhano umenewu unatsutsidwa kwambiri ndi anthu apamwamba, ojambula mafashoni ena ndi ofalitsa. Yves Saint Laurent anakakamizika kuchoka ku nyumba ya mafano a Dior, ngakhale kuti panthawi imeneyo iye ankapita. Koma kusiya basi kumapereka ufulu ndi ufulu. Ndipo patapita kanthawi chiwerengero chake chokhala ndi zikhalidwe za mtundu wachikhalidwe chinayamikiridwa kwambiri.
Panthawi imeneyo, zovala za hippie zinapangitsa kuti anthu asamanyansidwe, ndipo ambiri ankaona kuti ndizosafunika, zowonongeka. Pambuyo pa Yves Saint Laurent adayika manja ake pa mtundu wa mafuko, adapeza mawonekedwe abwino, a ma saloni. Zovala zachikondi za silika ndi zida za anthu olemekezeka zinali zosiyana kwambiri ndi zida zosiyana siyana za mazira a mumsewu. Zolemba za ntchito zake zinagwiritsa ntchito zikhalidwe za Africa, Peru, Ancient China, Morocco. Zovala za mbuye uyu zidakhala zotchuka pakati pa anthu omwe anali ndi mayiko mamiliyoni ambirimbiri.
Ndondomeko ya mafuko m'mbiri ya mafashoni - mafashoni apamwamba kuchokera ku Yves Saint Laurent yakhala yofunikira kwambiri. Msonkhano wa ku Africa unalumikizidwa ndi maluŵa a maluwa ndi zachilendo zachilengedwe za deshiviznoy. Ankagwiritsa ntchito fulakisi, nkhuni, udzu ndi galasi. Zigawo zachi China zinkakhala ndi mitundu yodabwitsa: pinki ndi lalanje, wachikasu ndi wofiirira. Zosazolowereka zosaoneka bwino zapamwamba. Makampani a ku India adabweretsa mpweya wodabwitsa. Koma malingana ndi malo ogulitsa kwambiri, okongola kwambiri anali ku Russia. Chisinthiko cha Russian mu mafashoni sizinachitike, koma chidwi cha Aurose ku chirichonse Chirasha chinadzuka. Fashoni iyi sikutaya kufunikira kwake mpaka lero.
Mitundu ya fuko ndi mbiri ya mafashoni inkakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi wopanga mafashoni a ku Japan Kenzo. Chikhalidwe chake cha mtundu chinali chosiyana ndi mitundu yosangalatsa. N'zosangalatsa kugwirizanitsa chidutswa cha kimono ndi Scandinavia, South America, zinthu zakummawa. Nsalu za ku Japan zikufalikira pafupi ndi khola la Scotland, chikwangwani cha Chitchaina chomwe chimakhala ndi kolala chimaphatikizidwa ndi ziphuphu zoyera za thonje m'zolemba za dziko. Kenzo amagwiritsira ntchito chigulitsi cha Chisipanishi, mphindi za ku India, Russian kosovorotki ndi zikopa za ubweya, mapajama a ku India. Zizindikiro za mtsogoleriyo zatsogolera masewera kapena masewero achikhalidwe omwe ali ndi zinthu za ethno.
Mbiri ya mafashoni siidzachita popanda kutchulidwa kwa Jean-Paul Gaultier. Ndondomeko ya amitundu imayendetsa magulu ake onse. Akangoyamba kulowa ntchito yake mu 1976, sataya. Sami ankakonda kulandiridwa kwa Gautier - kugwiritsa ntchito zida za zovala za mitundu ya anthu osiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kutsegulira mpweya kumayenda m'misewu ya mzindawo. Mwachitsanzo, atawona aphunzitsi a Hasidic, Jean-Paul adayambitsa zokolola za "Rabbi-chic". Maziko ndi zobvala, zovala zamdima, malaya, ruffles ndi "kip" kaps. Koma chikhalidwe cha South-East Asia chinayambitsa kulengedwa kwa "Tatu", yomwe idapangidwira mafashoni achinyamata kwazaka khumi. "Chips" za zokolola - kupukuta, graffiti, kutsanzira zizindikiro. Ethnol adalipo mu "Great Journey", "Mongol", "African Saga".