Mbiri ya mbale
Mtsogoleri wa mousaka wamakono ndi chakudya chotchedwa Magum, chomwe chimasungiramo buku la Arabic cookbook la zaka za m'ma 1300. Chakudya chakalechi chimafanana ndi biringanya zachi Greek. Bukuli lilinso ndi "Chinsinsi" cha "musakhan" - chakudya chodyera ku Lebanoni ndipo chikukonzekera masiku ano ku Middle East. Komabe, izo sizikugwirizana ndi chikhalidwe choyambirira.
Sizingatheke kukhazikitsa tsiku lenileni la moussaka. Zimakhulupirira kuti zikhoza kuoneka kumayambiriro kwa chikale cha Greek. Kotero, mbiri ya mbale iyi ili pafupi zaka zikwi zitatu. Kwa zaka zambiri chigawo cha Agiriki chinali m'goli la A Turks, omwe sungabweretse chikhalidwe chawo chokha, komanso miyambo yachikunja. Zakudya zakummawa zinasinthidwa kuti zikhale ndi mwayi wa Mediterranean bounty, zomwe zinayambitsa kuphulika kwa moussaka.
Malinga ndi buku lina, mawu akuti "moussaka" amachokera ku chiarabu "musqqa", kutanthauza "chilled" (mawu akuti "saqqa" - kuti azizizira). M'mayiko a Arabiya, mbale imeneyi imatchedwa saladi ya tomato ndi aubergines, yomwe ili ngati chida cha ku Italy. Palinso nthano yakuti "moussaka" imatanthawuza "zokoma", zomwe zikuwonetseratu zapadera za mbaleyo.
Zophatikiza za kuphika moussaki m'makina osiyana a anthu a mdziko
Makhalidwe abwino a Turkish ndi Greek moussaki ndi osiyana kwambiri. Anthu a ku Turkey m'malo mwa eggplants amagwiritsira ntchito zukini kapena nandolo, ndipo mankhwalawa amachotsedwa pamodzi, osayikidwa. Ku Moldova, mbale yomweyo imaphika theka ndi nyama theka ndi ndiwo zamasamba, ngakhale pali masamba onse. Koma chakudya cha ku Bulgaria cha mbale ndi mitundu yonse ya casserole minced nyama ndi mbatata. Greek moussaka ili ngati Chibulgaria "gyuvech", kutanthauza "freebie".
Ku Greece, moussaka ndi casserole yodzikongoletsera yopangidwa ndi nkhosa, tomato ndi eggplant zodzala ndi msuzi woyera. Balkan ya chakudya (ku Romania, Serbia ndi Bosnia) sichimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito aubergines - mmalo mwa iwo amawonjezera tomato. Osati nthawi zambiri masamba ena amawonjezeredwa ndi mousaka - anyezi, kabichi, zukini, mbatata. Ku Croatia, Zakudya zam'madzi ndi bowa zinawonjezeka.
Chinsinsi cha classic Moldovan moussaka
Pofuna kukonzekera mbale iyi, mudzafunika eggplants, anyezi ndi tomato, zomwe zimatsukidwa ndi kutsukidwa. Mwanawankhosa ndiwo gawo lofala kwambiri la moussaka, kawirikawiri nkhumba, komanso nthawi zambiri - nkhumba. Chiŵerengero cha nyama ndi ndiwo zamasamba chiyenera kukhala 1: 1. Nyama yosambitsidwa imadulidwa muzidutswa tating'ono ting'ono, monga goulash, ndi masamba - m'magulu. Nthawi zina mu moussaka kuonjezeranso kuwonjezera kabichi, kapena mbatata, kapena zukini.
Kenaka, mu mawonekedwe odzola, choyamba perekani mazira, kenaka tomato, anyezi, masamba ena ndi wosanjikiza wa nyama, kenaka tibweretsenso zigawo zonse. Pambuyo pa magawo awiri kapena atatu, mbaleyo imathira mchere komanso imatenthedwa ndi zonunkhira (adyo, bay leaf, parsley, katsabola, tsabola). Nyama za nyama zimatenthedwa mchere ndipo zimadulidwa mosiyana. Mzere wotsiriza wa mbaleyo ukhale masamba. Zonsezi zili ndi mafuta a masamba, kirimu wowawasa ndipo amatumizidwa ku uvuni kwa ola limodzi.
Chakudyacho chimachepetsedwa ngati keke pa keke kuti zigawo zisasakanike. Pamwamba, moussaka imatsanulidwa ndi madzi kuchokera ku mawonekedwe omwe amaphika, odzaza ndi zitsamba zatsopano. Idyani mbale yotentha ndi mkate watsopano ndi saladi wobiriwira.
Greek ndi Cypriot moussaka
Kukhazika mtima kwakukulu kwa kuphika moussaki ku Greece ndi ku Cyprus ndikuti mbale iyi imaphika ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito miphika yadongo. Buku la Cyprus la moussaka limatengedwa kuti ndi limodzi la zokoma kwambiri. Zosakaniza zonse za mbaleyo ndizokazingalake m'maolivi, kenako zimayikidwa mu miphika yadothi ndipo zimadzazidwa ndi msuzi wa béchamel. Nyama imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa nyama yamphongo.
Mu Greece, moussaka nthawi zambiri yophikidwa pa pepala lophika ndi nsonga zapamwamba, zomwe zimagawidwa ndi masamba (zosanjikiza zikhale zazikulu) ndi nyama, kusinthana izi. Kenaka mbaleyo ili ndi mkaka woyera kapena kirimu wowawasa ndipo imatumizidwa ku uvuni kwa ola limodzi. Mmalo mwa msuzi, nthawizina amagwiritsa ntchito chisakanizo cha tchizi ndi grati. Izi zimapangitsa mbale kukhala yowonongeka kwambiri.
M'malo odyetserako amayiko awa kuti mudye moussaka zidzakhala zosiyana kwambiri. Zimatengera zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimasiyana ndi luso ndi chikhumbo, komanso zonunkhira, zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira zomwe zawonjezedwa ku mbale iyi.