Mabakiteriya vaginosis - matenda a chilengedwe, chifukwa cha kukula kwa mabakiteriya anaerobic (mycoplasmas, peptococci, gardnerell). Njira yotupa siipo. Vaginosis imakhala ndi nthawi yaitali komanso yochulukirapo, yomwe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (trichomonads, gonococci) sichidziwika. Kukula kwakukulu kwa zomera zowonjezera kumaphatikizapo kutayika kwa lactobacilli yeniyeni yomwe imapezeka m'mimba ya vagin, yomwe imateteza kuzing'onongeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuchokera kunja. Izi zimapanga chonde chachitukuko cha matenda opweteka a m'mimba.
Bacterial vaginosis: zimayambitsa
Matenda oyambirira a matendawa ndi mabakiteriya anaerobic (Mycoplasma hominis, Mobiluncus spp, Gardnerella vaginalis). Ndi bacterial vaginosis, amishonale awo amakula chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwawo, komwe anthu a lactobacilli amachepetsa, kuchuluka kwa lactic acid ndi acidity ya m'mimba zimachepa. Bacterial vaginosis ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amachititsa kuti zitha kusokonezeka kwa amayi omwe ali ndi kachilomboka kamene kamapezeka chifukwa cha chikoka cha matenda oopsa komanso osadziwika.
- matenda a endocrine, osagwiritsidwa ntchito mankhwala othandizira antibacterial;
- kusintha mu chikhalidwe cha chitetezo;
- Matenda osokoneza / omwe amachititsa kuti ziwalo zoberekera zazimayi ziyambike;
- kuwonetsa nthawi zonse ma radiation ionizing;
- kugwiritsa ntchito njira za kulera (spermicide, intrauterine, oral);
- kawiri kawiri;
- njira zothandizira / opaleshoni;
- dysbacteriosis ya m'matumbo, mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Kodi bacterial vaginosis imafalitsidwa bwanji?
Mabakiteriya vaginosis amadziwika kuti ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana. Mfundo ziwiri zimatsimikizira izi. Choyamba ndi kuchuluka kwa kubwereranso pakati pa amayi ochiritsidwa omwe abwenzi awo osagonana sanalandire chithandizo. Matenda achiwiri odwala matenda a amayi abwino atatha kukhala ndi amuna, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti pali mabakiteriya anaerobic.
Bakiteriya vaginosis mwa amuna
Kwa amuna, matendawa amapezeka kawirikawiri kuposa amayi. Nthawi zambiri mabakiteriya a anaerobic amachoka palimodzi ndi mitundu yosiyana ya bacteroides. Njira yotupa imakhudza chiberekero cha m'mimba, kuchipatala chithunzi cha abambo a bacterial vaginosis chimakanizidwa, popanda zizindikiro zoopsa, ndipo nthawi zina zimakhala zochepa kwambiri. Zopeka, kukula kwa mavuto (pyelonephritis, epididymitis, cystitis, gardnerelleous prostatitis) n'kotheka, koma mchitidwe iwo ali osowa kwambiri (1-2%). Amuna omwe amavutika ndi asymptomatic / asymptomatic mitundu ya matendawa amakhala magwero a kachilombo kwa amayi.
Zizindikiro za bakiteriya vaginosis mwa amayi
Maonekedwe a bacterial vaginosis alibe zizindikiro, chizindikiro chowoneka chokha ndicho kukhalapo kwambiri kumaliseche, komwe kumakhala ndi fungo losasangalatsa la nsomba. Pa nthawi yoyamba ali ndi imvi kapena yoyera, ndi njira yosankha yopitilirapo amakhala ndi njere ya chikasu ndipo imakhala yowonjezereka. Maonekedwe a kutupa (hyperemia, kudzikuza) salipo, panthawi ya kuyezetsa magazi kumasonyeza kuti mthupi la chiberekero ndi uteri - cervicitis , kutentha kwa nthaka, kapangidwe kake. Odwala 50% amadandaula za kuyabwa mmalo mwa mafinitalia akunja, kupweteka kwa perineum, matenda osokoneza, kumapeto kwa msambo.
Maphunziro a bakiteriya vaginosis
- Amalipiritsa. Chodziwika ndi kukhala kwathunthu kwa lactobacillary microflora mu maselo "obadwa" achilendo m'magazini omwe akufufuzidwa. Matendawa sali okhudza ziwalo za matenda, komabe zikutanthauza kuti akhoza kukhala ndi anaerobic mabakiteriya omwe amawombera opanda kanthu ndipo amapanga mawonekedwe a vaginosis.
- Amapereka malipiro. Amadziwika ndi kuchepa kwakukulu kwa lactobacilli, maonekedwe a maselo ofunika kutsutsana ndi chikhalidwe cha leukocytosis yofatsa.
- Zidasinthidwa. Mankhwalawa amavomereza bacterial vaginosis: pali mawonetseredwe a matenda ndi mabakiteriya omwe amaimira anaerobes, palibe lactobacilli.
Zosokoneza
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri pa matenda a bacterial vaginosis amaperekedwa njira zowunika powerenga - aminotest ndi njira ya potassium hydroxide (10%) ndi pH-metry. Pamene kuyesa glycogen ya vagin epithelium pa lactobacillus metabolism, lactic acid imapangidwa. Ngati makinawa akuphwanyidwa, imfa ya lactobacillus imapezeka ndipo pH imatha kulowa mumchere wamchere, yomwe imayambitsa kuwonjezeka kwa anaerobes. Kuyeza kwa amine wabwino kumaoneka ngati kununkhira kwa nsomba "yovunda" potsakaniza yankho la potassium hydroxide ndi vaginja olekana.
Zizindikiro zachipatala ndi za microbiological, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a bacterial vaginosis:
- Madzi ambiri amadzimadzi amtundu wokhala ndi phokoso losasangalatsa;
- chithandizo chabwino cha amine;
- Kuwonjezeka kwa pH yachisanu ndi chiwiri chapakati pazomwe zilipo kuposa 4.5;
- Kukhalapo kwa gulu lalikulu la epitheliocytes ya vagini; "Maselo ofunika" (anaerobes);
- Kutaya / kuchepa kwakukulu kwa lactobacilli;
- kupezeka kwapadera / kupezeka kwa polynucleated leukocyte;
- Kukhalapo kwa Fusobacterium spp, Bacteroides spp, Gardnerella vaginalis.
Bakiteriya vaginosis, mankhwala
Mankhwala othandiza a BV amadalira matenda omwe amapezeka nthawi yake ndi yolondola, chithandizo chokwanira komanso chokhazikika cha mankhwala, cholinga chake ndicho kubwezeretsa kachilombo ka HIV kameneka, kuti asiye kubereka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe sali osiyana kwambiri ndi matenda a microcenosis. Pakalipano, chithandizo cha BV chimakhala ntchito yovuta, yomwe imayambitsidwa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso kuchepa kawirikawiri kwa matendawa.
Zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Kuchetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a bacterial vaginosis
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo - mankhwala omwe amatsutsana ndi anaerobic zinthu za vaginito microflora. Kuchita kwawo kuchipatala kumafika pa 87-95%. Mofananamo, systemic prophylaxis ya candidiasis ya m'mimba imachitika. Zotsatira zabwino zothandizira BV zinali Metronidazole (Trichopol, Metrogil), yomwe ili mbali ya magulu a antibiotic okhala ndi mphete ya imidazole. Amalowa m'kati mwa selo ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, amamangiriza ku DNA, imayambitsa khungu la nucleic acid. Metronidazol shiroko imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mayendedwe osiyanasiyana ochiritsira, koma nthawi zambiri imachititsa kuti anthu asamayesedwe pambali - zovuta zowonongeka, chifuwa, kukoma kwachitsulo m'kamwa. Njira yosankhika ya kayendetsedwe ka ubongo ndi yachikazi.
Pofuna kuchipatala, madokotala nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito Clindamycin. Mankhwalawa ali ndi mphamvu yowononga antibacterial, kuletsa mapuloteni m'kati mwa selo yaying'ono. Ndizotheka kufotokozera kuti Clindamycin amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakamwa ndi pakamwa. Zotsatira zoyipa: kukula kwa bowa ngati yisiti, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda.
Kubwezeretsedwa kwa biocenosis ya abambo
Zimayendetsedwa chifukwa cha ntchito ya eubiotics - Bifidumbacterin, Acilacta, Lactobacterin. Mankhwalawa amachititsa kukula kwa chibadwa cha lactoflora, kumathandizira kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha mabakiteriya vaginosis poonjezera makhalidwe otetezera azimayi.
Zolinga zothandiza kuchiza:
- mphamvu za zizindikiro za matenda;
- kusweka kwa subjective sensations;
- kukhazikika kwa zizindikiro za laboratori.
Mphamvu ya mankhwalayi imakhala pafupifupi masiku khumi ndi awiri (14) kuchokera kumapeto kwa maphunzirowo. Ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopinga zowathandiza pakulera nthawi yonse ya chithandizo.
Kukonzekera kuchiza bacterial vaginosis:
- Lactagel (gel). Kuchita masewera a pH a chikazi, kubwezeretsa kachilombo kameneka, kupanga zinthu zabwino kuti kukula kwa microflora. Amathandizira kuchotsa zobisika zambiri, zosunkhira zosasangalatsa, zovuta;
- Femilex (zamaliseche zosamalitsa). Mogwirizana ndi njira, Femilex ndi ofanana ndi Lactagel. Pa 5-10%, amatha kupweteka kwambiri m'mimba. Kusiyanitsa: kuthamanga, mimba, lactation;
- Vaginorm-G (mapiritsi a m'mimba). Amachepetsa pH ya umaliseche, amaletsa kukula kwa mabakiteriya owopsa, amabwezeretsanso zomera zonse zachikazi. Zimaloledwa bwino, nthawi zina zimatha kuyambitsa kuyabwa / kuwotcha mukazi, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Zimatsutsana ndi mbiri ya thrush;
- Acylact (zamagazi zosamalitsa). Lili ndi lactobacilli, yomwe imayambitsa mabakiteriya a anaerobic, kumathandiza kubwezeretsa chitetezo cha thupi. Zaletsedwa kugwiritsa ntchito zitsamba;
- Clindamycin (zonona za m'mimba). Antibacterial wothandizira maopaleshoni. Mwamsanga amawononga mabakiteriya owopsa, amawoneka ngati zomera zachibadwa zachikazi. Zotsatira zoyipa: mutu, chizungulire, thrush, ululu m'mimba, matenda osokonekera;
- Bifidumbacterin (zozizwa zamaliseche). Kubwezeretsanso kusinthasintha kwa microflora ya umaliseche, kuwononga zamoyo za anaerobic;
- Trichopolum (mapiritsi a ubeni). Zimapangitsa kuti zikhale bwino, zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zobisika, zimathetsa fungo losasangalatsa, zimabweretsanso zomera zowonongeka. Kusiyanitsa: mimba, chiwindi chosalimba. Zotsatira zoyipa: kutsuka nthawi zambiri, kunyoza, kamwa youma, candidiasis (thrush).
Kodi bakiteriya vaginosis amachiza bwanji mankhwala ochiritsira?
Musanayambe kalasi ya mankhwala, ndibwino kuti mufunsane ndi dokotala kuti musapewe mavuto ndi zotsatirapo. Ndi njira yoyenera, kugwiritsa ntchito maphikidwe a anthu amathandiza kuchotsa zizindikiro zosasangalatsa ndikubwezeretsanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Njira zothandizira:
- Tengani maluwa a chamomile mankhwala ndi tsekwe fuzz (supuni imodzi), kutsanulira lita imodzi ya madzi otentha, pemphani mphindi 30-40, yesetsani mawonekedwe ofunda;
- Tengani mofanana mofanana ndi mizu ya Angelo, badana, chicory, dandelion, calendula therere, masamba a amayi ndi abambo opeza, thyme. Gwirani, sakanizani, yanizani supuni ziwiri zopezeka, tanizani madzi okwanira okwanira maola 10-12, yesani mawonekedwe ofunda;
- Supuni ya makungwa opunduka a mthunzi kuti ikhale ndi mamililita 250 a madzi oyera, kuti mutenge madzi osamba a 10-15 mphindi, kuti mutenge maola 3-4. Asanayambe kulowetsedwa, ozizira ndi mavuto;
- Tengani supuni ya zipatso yamatcheri, yiritsani pamoto woyenera kwa mphindi 20-25, ozizira, kukhetsa. Gwiritsani ntchito kukonzanso ukazi.
Madzi osamba:
- Lembani makilogalamu 250 a mtengo wa thundu mumadzi ozizira, pita kwa maola 2-3, sakanizani osakaniza chithupsa, kuwonjezera ku kusamba komwe kunakonzedwa kale. Njira zothandizira zimathetsa kutupa, zimalimbikitsa machiritso a machiritso;
- kuphatikiza masamba a mtedza, udzu wa oat, zipatso za juniper, chamomile, makungwa a oak. Wiritsani kwa mphindi 30-40 patsiku lochepa, onjezerani msuzi ku osambira. Mankhwalawa ali ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, antiviral, zochita zosadziwika.
Bacterial vaginosis mu mimba
Kugonjetsa ma microflora a m'mimba pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi mimba ndi chitsimikizo cha chiopsezo cha matenda a intrauterine a maubwana ndi zowawa m'mimba mwa mayi. Pali kugwirizana pakati pa ubwino wa bacterial vaginosis ndi njira yovuta yoyembekezera. Bacterial vaginosis ikhoza kutsogolera kuperewera kwa padera, kusabereka msanga, kutuluka mwadzidzidzi kwa amniotic fluid, endometritis, chorioamnionitis (matenda a membranes). Mimba yolimbana ndi matenda a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda nthawi zambiri imakhala yovuta chifukwa cha kukula kwa ubwana - kuchedwa kwa chitukuko cha intrauterine, kulephera kwa mtima wamtima, hypoxia.
Mankhwala a bacterial vaginosis mwa amayi apakati
Njira yayikulu yothandizira - kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe ali ndi antianaerobic effect:
- Clindamycin. Perekani imodzi mwa mitundu ya mlingo wa mankhwala: kirimu Momwemonso kamodzi pa tsiku kwa masiku asanu ndi limodzi, mapiritsi a m'mimba 100 mg mwachindunji kamodzi pa tsiku kwa masiku atatu;
- Hexicon. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma makandulo, kubwezeretsanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuteteza kupititsa patsogolo kwa matenda opatsirana ndi otupa pa nthawi yobereka;
- Metronidazole. Musasankhe mu trimestre yoyamba ya mimba chifukwa chotheka kuti mwanayo ali ndi vuto, njira yamachiritso ya Metronidazole imatha pambuyo pa sabata la makumi awiri. Pamene muli ndi pakati, ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala mwa mawonekedwe a makandulo. Njira yothetsera amayi ndi BV siipiratu kuposa mankhwala, ndipo nthawi zina imadutsa. Pogwiritsira ntchito mapulogalamu apamwamba, mankhwala othandizira amalowa m'gulu la tizilombo toyambitsa matenda - izi zimathetsa mphamvu zamagetsi zowonongeka, zimachepetsa kuthekera koyipa;
- Limafucine. Amadziwika ndi ntchito yowonongeka, yomwe ikugwira ntchito motsutsana ndi anaerobic microflora, sichimakhudza mwanayo.
Ndingathe kutenga mimba ndi bacterial vaginosis? Mukhoza, kupezeka kwa mimba sikutanthauza. Koma sikoyenera kuika moyo wanu pachiswe ndi thanzi la tsogolo la mwana. Ndi vuto la BV, amayi 10-35% adakali pa nthawi yopanga mimba. Mwamwayi, zizindikiro zovunda zimabweretsa kuwona kuti matendawa amapezeka mwadzidzidzi. Mabakiteriya vaginosis ayenera kuthetsedwa asanakhale ndi pakati - izi zidzakuthandizani kupewa mavuto aakulu pakubereka ndi kubereka.
Kupewa kubwereza ndikupezeka kwa bacterial vaginosis:
- kudya zakudya zomveka bwino, kusunga bwino ntchito yamatumbo;
- kudya moyenera mankhwala osokoneza bongo;
- chisamaliro choyenera cha ziwalo zoberekera kunja;
- Gwiritsani ntchito zolepheretsa kubereka panthawi yogonana ndi munthu wosakwatiwa.
Bacterial vaginosis ndi njira yowonongeka ya chilengedwe, zomwe zimafuna mankhwala okwanira komanso okwanira. Kupanda chithandizo cha panthaŵi yake kumapangitsa kuti chithandizo chichitike, kutuluka kwa matenda a kubereka, kukula kwa mavuto pamene ali ndi mimba ndi kubala. Akatswiri a matendawa amavomereza ngati zizindikiro zokayikitsa (kutuluka kwachilendo, kuyabwa / kuwotcha, kupweteka m'mimba pamunsi) kumawunika, ndipo ngati pakufunika, mankhwalawa amatenga masiku 12-14.