M'chaka, manyuzipepala ambiri amalemba nkhani zochenjeza za photocarogenesis ndi photoaging. Koma, ngakhale zili choncho, mamiliyoni a anthu akupitirizabe kugwiritsa ntchito molakwa "kuchereza alendo." Timaphunzitsidwa kuyambira ubwana kuti sunbathing ndi yabwino kwa thanzi. Koma omwe amakhala nthawi yaitali akudziwotha padzuwa, amaopsezedwa ndi zithunzi. Ichi ndi matenda aakulu, omwe amachititsa kuvulaza khungu la ultraviolet miyezi.
Ndimasangalatsa kwambiri kusangalala ndi dzuwa lotentha pambuyo yozizira yozizira! Sitikufuna ngakhale kukumbukira kuti dzuwa limatulutsa kuwala kwa dzuwa, komwe kuli mdani wamkulu wa khungu lathu. Ultraviolet kufotokoza, zomwe zimatsogolera ku khungu la ukalamba, sizomwe zimagonjetsedwa ndi thupi. Choncho, zimakhala zovuta kuti tizindikire kuti dzuwa ndi loopsya. Komanso, povomerezedwa moyenera ndi zotchedwa dzuwa, zimapindulitsa thupi. Koma kutentha kwa dzuwa kumamveka bwino. Chisangalalo choyaka moto chosautsa chingathe kudetsa masiku angapo. Koma anthu ambiri amawazoloŵera ndipo amaganizira kusamvetsetsana kokhumudwitsa. Ndipo mwachabe!
Zaka zaposachedwapa, anthu ambiri akukumana ndi vuto losayembekezereka la zotsatira zovulaza pakhungu la mazira a ultraviolet. Tangoganizirani kuti nyengo imakhala mitambo kunja. Radi yeniyeni yokha imadutsa m'mitambo. Dzuŵa limakhala losawoneka, koma pambuyo pa kuyenda pamatenda a khungu amaonekera. Icho chimapweteka. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri akazi. Ndipo pali zifukwa za izi. Chowonadi n'chakuti izi zimachitidwa ndi zinthu zowonongeka zomwe zawonekera kapena pansi pa khungu. Amapangitsa khungu kukhala lamphamvu kwambiri kwa miyendo ya ultraviolet. Zinthu zimenezi zimatchedwa photoreactive kapena, m'njira yina, photosensitizers. Makamaka amayamba kutengeka ndi izi, khungu, lofooka ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa. Photosensitizers angayambitse machitidwe awiri - photoallergic ndi phototoxic reaction.
Kaŵirikaŵiri chithunzi chazitsulo chimayambitsa mafuta ndi zodzoladzola pamaziko a: mafuta a sandalwood, mafuta a bergamot, amber, musk. Komabe zithunzi zowononga zingayambitse mankhwala ena komanso antibacterial agents. Mazira a ultraviolet amachititsa kuti thupi likhale ndi mankhwala omwe amapezeka pakhungu. Zimenezi zimayambitsa zovuta. Ndipo patadutsa theka la ola lachidziwitso kwa ultraviolet kuwala, zowopsa zingathe kufalikira kumatsekedwa m'malo a khungu.
Zimadziwika kuti kuyang'anitsitsa kuwala kwa ultraviolet kumawononga maselo a zamoyo. Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika ndi machitidwe a phototoxic. Thupi la khungu limatulutsa kuwala kwa ultraviolet, komwe kumakhudza maselo pafupi ndi thupi. Maselo amenewa amatha kufa, kuchititsa mavuto ambiri. Kuchita koteroko kungadziwonetsere pomwepo paulendo, ndipo mu maola angapo. Matenda osayenererawa, mosiyana ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa, amatha kudziwonetsera okha kwa nthawi yaitali. Nthawi zina kwa zaka zingapo. Tsoka ilo, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a khungu amakhudzidwa makamaka ndi machitidwe a photoreactive. Zina monga acne, psoriasis, herpes, eczema.
Kufotoensitization - Pambuyo poyambitsa zodzoladzola ndi kutentha kwa dzuwa, mavuto ambiri amayamba. Izi zikhoza kukhala zowawa pakhungu (zovuta photodermatitis). Mwachitsanzo: maonekedwe a mabelters, kuyabwa ndi kuthamanga, kubwezeretsa, kupangidwira kwa dzuwa. Komanso zithunziensiti zimayambitsa matenda aakulu a khungu. Kutsogolera ku msinkhu wake wokalamba komanso ngakhale matenda opatsirana.
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti zigawo za photoreactive zikhoza kukhala mu zinthu zomwe zimakhala kwa ife. Zikhoza kukhala zakumwa zamadzimadzi, sopo antibacterial ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana odzola. Mankhwala ambiri amakhalanso ndi katundu wa photosensitizing. Mwachitsanzo, maantibayotiki (tetracycline), mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa, sulfonylamides, antihistamines. Zimadziwika kuti chotsitsa cha mchere wa St. John chili ndi hypericin, chomwe chiri ndi mphamvu yowonongeka. Chifukwa cha ichi, zowonjezera chakudya ndi chotsitsa cha St. John's wort chinakhala chotchuka. Tsoka, chodutswa ichi ndi photosensitizer.
Inde, kupezeka kwa photosensitizing zinthu sikupangitsa kuti photodermis mu anthu onse. Kawirikawiri zimakhudza anthu omwe alibe khungu lofewa kwambiri. Koma anthu amdima wandiweyani, nawonso, sangathe kumva otetezeka kwathunthu. Makamaka ngati mumakhala dzuwa kwa nthawi yaitali.
Mpata wa machitidwe a phototoxic akuwonjezeka m'milandu yotsatirayi:
- Khungu likakhudzidwa ndi retinoids. Retinoids amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mavitamini ndi kukonzanso khungu. Amathandiza kutulutsa maselo a khungu akufa ndikuwongolera. Koma kupukuta khungu kumawonekera kwambiri kwa ultraviolet kuwala. Choncho, pochizira retinoids, mawindo a dzuwa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zidzatchinjiriza mazira osagwirizana.
- Pambuyo poyendayenda, kutuluka kwa chidziwitso cha corneum chimapezeka. Mankhwalawa akugwedezeka, nyumba ikuyang'anizana ndi zowonongeka ndi laser polishing zimapangitsa kuwonjezereka kwa ultraviolet kuwala. Kuwonjezera apo, mutatha izi, ma melanocytes omwe amachititsa hyperpigmentation amavomerezedwa. Pankhaniyi, kukhalapo kwa photosensitizer kuchepetsa zotsatira za oteteza.
- Zodzoladzola zamasana zomwe zili ndi mafuta a polyunsaturated, zimatchuka kwambiri. Amathetsa khungu ndi khungu la khungu. Amachepetsa kutentha. Bwezeretsani zotchinga za khungu. Komabe, polyunsaturated mafuta acids ali ndi drawback yofunika kwambiri. Motsogoleredwa ndi dzuwa, iwo ali oxidized. Zopangidwira zoyipazo zimapangidwa. Kuphatikizapo mankhwala othandizira mpweya, omwe ndi poizoni wa khungu. Ndipo ndi mphamvu ultraviolet kanthu, okosijeni ndi kwambiri. Chimene chingachititse kuti phototoxic athe kuchitapo kanthu.
- Chimene chimayambitsa machitidwe a phototoxic chingakhale ndondomeko ya tattoo. Pogwiritsa ntchito zilembo ndi zojambula zosatha, zimakhala zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mchere wa cadmium. Mchere uwu umasiyana ndi photosensitizing katundu.
- Chodabwitsa n'chakuti, zina zoteteza dzuwa sizingateteze khungu ku dzuwa, koma zimayambitsa zithunzi. Chifukwa cha ichi ndi paraamino-benzoic acid (PAVA), yomwe ili gawo la kirimu. Penyani mosamala maonekedwe a kirimu pa phukusi. Mwa njira, Kumadzulo awa asidi amachotsedwa ku maonekedwe.
- Zinthu zowonongeka zimakhala ndi mafuta ofunikira. Choncho, mutsatire mosamala zotsatira za khungu pambuyo pa njira zomwe mukugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ofunikira.
Monga mukuonera, zodzoladzola zambiri ndi mankhwala ali ndi zinthu zowopsa kwa khungu. Ndipo chiopsezo chotenga photoderma sichacheperachepera. Makamaka zowonongeka za zithunziensitizers m'chaka. Pamene amamiliyoni amayi amapezeka ku chimfine ndi avitaminosis, khungu limakhala ndi zotsatira zoopsa. Pofuna kukongola, akazi okondedwa samamvera malangizo a cosmetologists. Pambuyo pa njirayi, kupukuta ndi kugaya kumaonedwa ngati kopanda ntchito pogwiritsira ntchito mawindo a dzuwa. Ndipo makamaka osati kuvala zipewa ndi mbali zonse. M'malo mwake, iwo amalowetsa m'malo mwa dzuwa, osati kuganizira za chisomo chopanda mphamvu cha dzuwa.
Mwatsoka, photodermatitis ikhoza kuyembekezera munthu aliyense. Osati malingana ndi kugonana ndi mtundu wa khungu. Choncho, samalani khungu lanu lofunika kwambiri:
- Ndikofunikira kuchenjeza madokotala machenjezo okhudza kuopsa kwa mazira a ultraviolet. Mafashoni chifukwa cha kutentha kwa dzuwa amatha, kupereka njira ya mtundu wa chikopa cha khungu. Mukachoka malowa nthawi yamasika, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zodzoladzola za dzuwa. Musagwiritse ntchito zonona zokoma masana. Mafuta a polyunsaturated omwe amalowa mu dzuwa lawo amasandulika kukhala photosensitizers. Musazengereze kuvala chipewa chowala kwambiri cha tsiku ndi mazenera ambiri. Musatenge nthawi yochuluka pansi pa dzuwa lotentha.
- Njira zodzikongoletsera kuchotsa khungu lamagazi ziyenera kuchitika osati m'chaka ndi chilimwe, koma m'dzinja kapena m'nyengo yozizira. Ngati simungathe kukakamira, ndiye mutatha njirayi, chitetezeni ndi dzuwa, lomwe lili ndi chitetezo chokwanira (SPF> 50).
- Gwiritsani ntchito zodzoladzola ndi antioxidants: ndi vitamini C, E ndi masamba a polyphenols. Mankhwala oletsa antioxidants okha sangateteze ku mazira a ultraviolet. Koma amathandiza kuchotsa phototakins khungu.
- Onetsetsani kuti mupereke njira zonse zothandizira ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera antibiotics, ibuprofen, sulfanilamide, kuchotsa wort St. John's wort. Ndipo kawirikawiri, sizodabwitsa kufotokozera ndi dokotala yemwe akupezekapo za kukhalapo kwa photosensitizers.
Dziyang'anire wekha!