Mtundu wa Streptocarpus uli wambiri ndipo uli ndi mitundu yoposa zana ya zomera, iwo ndi a banja la Gesnerian. Kugawa kwawo kunalandiridwa ku Asia, Africa, komanso pachilumba cha Madagascar. Zodziwika kuti mtundu uwu uli ndi zaka 150. Pakati pa mtundu umenewu mungapeze mitundu yonse ya zitsamba ndi zitsamba za herbaceous, zomwe zili ndi tsamba limodzi mpaka mita imodzi ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono pa peduncle. Zonsezi zimakhala zaka ziwiri komanso zosatha. Mitundu yautali yotereyi ndi, mwachitsanzo, royal streptocarpus, yomwe imayambitsa mitundu yambiri yowakanizidwa.
Streptocarpus ndi chomera cha rosette, chomwe, monga Senpolia, chiri ndi tsinde lalifupi. Masamba ake ndi ofunika kwambiri, amakwinya komanso ochepa kwambiri. Makinawa amakhala aakulu mpaka masentimita 7 ndipo amatha kutalika masentimita 30. Mitundu ndi yobiriwira kapena yofiira. Pamwamba pa peduncles pali maluwa, imodzi kapena ziwiri, mu axils masamba, angagwiritsidwe ntchito kudula. Chombocho chimakhala pafupifupi masentimita awiri m'mimba mwake, ngati maonekedwe a mthunzi. Mu zomera zosakanizidwa, maluwa nthawi zambiri amakhala aakulu, mamita pafupifupi 4 masentimita, ndi omwe ali ndi bend - mpaka masentimita 8, ngakhale kuti ndizochepa. Chovala chachisanu chokhala ndi ma lobes osalinganizana, awiri apamwamba kuposa atatu apansi. Mtundu wake ndi wotumbululuka lilac, koma ndi mikwingwirima yofiira pammero ndi chubu. Pakali pano, mitundu ina imakhala nayo yoyera yoyera ndi diso lakasu, pinki, lofiira komanso ngakhale awiri. Nthawi zina pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imakhala ndi mapepala a wavy, pamtunda.
Kusamalira mbewu
Kuunikira. M'nthawi ya chilimwe, zomera zamkati za streptocarpus amakonda kuwala kowala kwambiri, komwe kumakhudza kukula ndi maluwa. Monga zomera zambiri, zimere bwino m'mawindo a kumadzulo ndi kummawa. Kumbali yakum'mwera, chomeracho chimafunika kuzimitsidwa, ndipo kumbali ya kumpoto, nkutheka kuti sipadzakhala kuwala kokwanira.
Kutentha kwa boma. Kutentha kwa mpweya wochokera kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa August ayenera kukhala otentha - + 20-25ะก. Pakati pa chaka chonse, kutentha kumatsikira ku + 15-17C.
Kuthirira. M'nyengo yotentha ndi kasupe, zomera za streptocarpus zimamwe madzi pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zimapangitsa dothi kuti liume pang'ono mu mphika, koma sipangakhale nthawi yowonjezera. Kuyambira mwezi wa September, kuthirira kudakali kuchepetsedwa, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira pali madzi okwanira. Madzi okwanira ndi osatha, kutentha kwake kuyenera kukhala kofanana ndi kutentha mu chipinda. Kuthirira streptocarpus kuyenera kukhala kolondola kwambiri, chifukwa sikulekerera madzilogging.
Kukonza. Ngati mlengalenga muli wouma, ndiye kuti masamba angayambe kuuma. Ngati izi zikuchitika, ayenera kudulidwa ndi mpeni, atagona pazitali. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito lumo, pamene iwo akufalikira pepala.
Kupaka pamwamba. Streptocarpus - zomera zimakhala zovuta pa zakudya zawo. Ngati nyengo ikukula, m'pofunika kuti manyowa a feteleza ovuta, adye chakudya masiku asanu ndi awiri kapena khumi.
Kusindikiza. Ndi zofunika kuti achinyamata azitha kuziika chaka chilichonse chaka chilichonse. Akuluakulu omwe amafunikira, kamodzi pa zaka zitatu kapena zinayi.
Miphika sagwiritsire ntchito mozama kwambiri ndi kukula kwake.
Koma gawo lapansi, likhoza kuchitika m'njira ziwiri. Njira yoyamba ndi osakanikirana ndi nthaka (magawo awiri), mbali yoyera (gawo limodzi) ndi mchenga wa theka. Njira yachiwiri yokhala ndi zofanana, koma ndizofunika kuwonjezera gawo limodzi la humus lapansi, ndipo sod kuonjezera ku magawo atatu, mukufunikira mchenga pang'ono - gawo limodzi. Mu nthaka kusakaniza ndi mumtsinje ndikofunikira kuwonjezera makala. Ngati mukufuna, mungagwiritse ntchito kusakaniza kusitolo, mwachitsanzo, chisakanizo cha senpolia ndi choyenera. Ngati chomeracho chiri chaching'ono, ndiye kuti palibe chofunikira kuwonjezera chosakaniza cha sod.
Kubalana. Zipindazi zimachulukana m'njira ziwiri - vegetatively ndi mbewu.
Kubalana ndi magawano: M'pofunika kuchotsa chomera chochuluka kuchokera ku nthaka yonyowa, kudula gawo lake, pomwe padzakhala masamba ndi mizu yowonjezereka. Dulani malo kuti muumire ndi kuwaza ndi makala opunduka. Mu chidebe chodzaza gawo lapansi latsopano, osapitirira theka, sungani malo osiyana ndi kutsanulira dothi ku msinkhu, pamene chomeracho chiyenera kukhala chopanda madzi ndi kuthirira. Kumayambiriro komwe, zomera zomwe anabzala zimaphimbidwa ndi filimu kuti zikhale bwino. Masamba akulu kwambiri ayenera kuchotsedwa kapena kudula pakati. Izi zidzalimbikitsa kukula kwa masamba atsopano. Nthawi yaying'ono idzadutsa ndipo zomera zachinyamata zidzaphuka.
Ngati imafalitsidwa ndi mbewu , ndiye izi zimachitika motere: Mbeuzo zimabzalidwa mu mphika wawung'ono; Kuyala kwakukulu sikofunikira, tangobzalani pa gawo lapansi; kenako ataphimbidwa ndi filimu. Imwani nyembazo kudzera mu poto. Chidebecho chiyenera kuikidwa pamalo ofunika komanso ochepa, komwe zimamera. Tsiku lililonse, mphika uyenera kukhala mpweya wokwanira, monga zimamera mpweya wokha. Kutentha kwafunikira kwa mphukira yabwino ndi + 21C. Kupereka kutentha kwapakhomo panyumba kuli kovuta kwambiri, choncho trays ndi mbewu zimaphimba mapepala ambiri. Kusintha kwa kutentha pawindo kudzakhalapobe, choncho ndibwino kuika chidebe mumamera otentha pansi pa nyali.
Patatha mwezi ndi hafu pambuyo pa kutuluka kwa mphukira, filimuyo imasuntha, kenako imatsukidwa kwathunthu. Mbande amafuna maphikidwe. Chotola choyamba chimapangidwa mu chidebe chachikulu, kumene zomera zimabzalidwa kuti zisinthe. Sonkhanitsani zomera zazing'ono ziyenera kusamala kuti zisamawononge mizu. Kuti muchite izi, mungagwiritse ntchito spatula yamatabwa ndi malo. Tsinde la chomera chokhalira ndi zala silikulimbikitsidwa, chifukwa zimangowonongeka mosavuta. Pambuyo pa kuziika, nthaka yozungulira chomerayo yayamba. Mutabzala, chomeracho chimathirizidwa ndikuyika malo otentha, komanso kachiwiri ndi filimuyi. Pakakhala chosankha chachiwiri, ndibwino kuti mubzala kale miphika. Ngati pali chipinda chokwanira m'chipinda, ndiye kuti chotola choyamba chikhoza kuchitidwa miphika yapadera, ndizofunikira kusintha kusintha kwa gawo lapansi. Kukula kwa mbande kumakhudzidwa ndi kudyetsa. Mbewu ingabzalidwe kangapo pachaka, ndipo mbewuyo ikhoza kuphuka mu miyezi yosiyana. Ngati mbeuyo ikatha kumapeto kwa January, ndiye kuti mwezi wa July-September, streptocarpus idzaphuka, ikadzabzala m'nyengo ya chilimwe, idzaphuka mu April kapena pakapita nthawi.
Zosatheka zovuta
- Ngati streptocarpus idawoneka imvi, ndiye kuti chomeracho chimakhala chinyezi.
- Ngati kutentha kwazomweku ndi kotsika kwambiri, ndiye kuti masambawo amakhala ofiira.
- Ngati nsonga za masamba zikuphika, ndiye kuti palibe chinyezi chokwanira, kapena kuthirira kwambiri.
- Nkhumba za kangaude, scutellum, thrips, whitefly kapena mealybug zingawononge zomera.