Mtunduwu unatenga dzina lake kuchokera ku mawu Achigriki akuti "spata" ndi "phillum", omwe amatanthauzidwa kuti "mapepala otsegula" ndi "masamba", motero. Dzinalo linaperekedwa, chifukwa chivundikiro cha spathiphyllum chikuwoneka ngati tsamba lodziwika, koma liri loyera ndipo silili ndi petioles. Masamba ophika kapena otukuka, otsika kwambiri, ali ndi mitsempha yamkati yomwe imatchulidwa mwamphamvu komanso yowongoka kwambiri, yomwe ili pambali. Maluwawa amasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescence - chipewa, chomwe chili pamtunda, chimaphimbidwa ndi chophimba pamunsi.
Spathiphyllum - kumanga nyumba kumakhala kofala, komwe kumakhala kosalekeza. Kuyamikira ndi kukongola kwa masamba ndi duwa. Pogula spathiphyllum, kumbukirani kuti kumafuna kupopera mbewu nthawi zonse komanso kuthirira madzi okwanira.
Malamulo osamalira.
Kuunikira. Spathiphyllum nthawi zambiri imakula mthunzi umodzi komanso mdima wosiyana. Komabe, mu mthunzi wa masamba ake mumapeza mtundu wakuda wobiriwira ndi mawonekedwe owonjezera. Pa nthawi yomweyo maluwa amakhala osowa kapena, nthawizonse, amaima. Pachifukwa ichi, chomeracho sichinaoneke bwino. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito fayilo kumwera kwawindo, chitetezeni kuti dzuwa lisatenthe. Ndi bwino kukula spathiphyllum kumpoto madiwindo, ngakhale pa windows mawindo maluwa ake ndi ochulukirapo komanso motalika, ndipo inflorescence ndi yaikulu kwambiri kukula.
Kutentha kwa boma. Spathiphyllum ndi chomera chomwe chiri thermophilic. Masika ndi chilimwe amakonda kutentha kwa 22-23 ° C, m'munsi mwake ndi 18 ° C. Mu autumn ndi m'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwakukulu sikunchepetsere 16 ° C, mwinamwake chitukuko cha mbewucho chimaletsedwa. Zovuta ndi kutentha pansi pa 10 ° C: spathiphyllum kuvunda ndipo akhoza kufa. Chomera sichimalola kulemba.
Kuthirira. Mbewu spathiphyllum imathirira madzi chaka chonse: mochuluka - mu kasupe ndi chilimwe komanso panthawi ya maluwa, n'zotheka ndi phala; moyenera m'nyengo yozizira. Pakati pa madzi, gawo la pamwamba la gawolo sayenera kuyanika. Musalole kuti dziko lilowerere. Kumbali inayi, kuchepa kwa madzi mu chidebe kumawononga zomera. Kupopera mbewu ndi kuthirira, gwiritsani madzi okhazikika, osachepera maola 12. Ngati masamba otchedwa spathiphyllum akugwa, ndiye kuti akusowa chinyezi. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, ndi kuthirira mopitirira masamba pa zomera, mdima wamdima ukhoza kuwoneka.
Kutentha kwa mpweya. Spathiphyllums amakonda kwambiri chinyezi. Popeza mlengalenga zimakula mvula yamkuntho, imafunika kukonkha nthawi zambiri madzi otentha, kupanga madzi otentha, nthawi zina madzi osamba. Tikulimbikitsanso kuyika chomera ichi mkati mwachitsulo chodzaza mchenga wouma kapena moss. Mu mpweya wouma mkati mwa zomera zimafota nsonga za masamba, ngakhale zitayikidwa mwapanthaŵi yake - 2 pa tsiku. Pamene spathiphyllum ikuphuka, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamala: madzi sayenera kugwera pa chisa ndi chivundikiro. Mu nyengo ya Oktoba-January, spathiphyllum ili ndi mpumulo, koma ngati chinyezi cha mlengalenga chikukwanira chomera, chidzaphuka m'nyengo yozizira.
Kupaka pamwamba. Kuyambira pa March mpaka September, spathiphyllum imafunika kudyetsedwa ndi feteleza mchere wambiri mu madzi okwanira 1-1.5 pa lita imodzi ya madzi. Kuonjezerapo, feteleza wapadera amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba zapansi popanda laimu, mwachitsanzo, "Flower" kapena "Azaleas". Zimalimbikitsanso kupatula feteleza ndi mineral feteleza ndi mullein watsopano, kuchepetsedwa mwa kuchuluka kwa 1:20 kapena 1:15. Pamaso ndi pambuyo, kuvala kwakukulu, zomera ziyenera kuthiriridwa ndi madzi ambiri kutentha. Ngati idafalikira m'nyengo yozizira, ndiye kuti mu masabata 3-4 ndikofunika kudyetsa ndi feteleza yomweyo. Ngati masambawo akuwonekera mawanga ofiira, izi zikusonyeza kuti pali zakudya zambiri zowonjezera spathiphyllum.
Kusindikiza. Ngati mizu ya spathiphyllum imadzaza lonse lonse la mphika yomwe imakula, ndiye chomeracho chimafuna kuika. Ndibwino kuti muzizigwiritsa ntchito kumapeto kwa chaka, samalani, popeza mizu ili yovuta kwambiri. Pakufunika kuziyika, munthu ayenera kusankha nthaka yochepa ya acid acid - pH 5.0-6.5. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumawononga zomera, motero onetsetsani kuti dothi liri lotayirira, ndipo madzi owonjezera amathira mu poto.
Spathiphyllums idzamva bwino mu humus wamba, powonjezera njerwa zazing'ono kapena zidutswa zamakala. Kwa kuika ndikuyenso bwino kusakaniza, kuphatikizapo humus, tsamba ndi sod land, mtsinje mchenga ndi peat mu magawo ofanana. Gwiritsani ntchito ndi makonzedwe opangidwa ndi okonzeka, ndipo muwonjezerepo zidutswa za makala. Madzi abwino ndi ololedwa. Sikofunika kuika mpweya wotsekemera mu mphika waukulu kwambiri, chifukwa izi zimaletsa maluwa. Sankhani mphamvu yaikulu kuposa yomwe yapita. Ndibwino kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotentha ya potaziyamu permanganate. Mitengo yowonjezera imafuna kutentha, kuthirira madzi okwanira, kukonkha mobwerezabwereza kuti iwononge mofulumira. Spathiphyllum imakhala yochokera m'mapweya otentha. Kuti apange zinthu zoterezi, onetsetsani chomeracho ndi chidziwitso ndipo nthawi yomweyo ventilate "wowonjezera kutentha".
Kubalana. The spathiphyllums amachulukitsa vegetatively mwa kugawa rhizomes ndi cuttings.
Ndondomeko ya kuswana cuttings imatha m'chaka, rooting iwo mvula yonyowa mchenga. Ndibwino kuti mupange miniteplike. Pambuyo popanga rootlets, zidutswazo zimabzalidwa m'dziko lopangidwa ndi: 1 mbali ya peat ndi tsamba 1, 0,5 gawo la sod, 0,5 mchenga.
Ndondomeko ya kugawanika kobiriyi imapangidwa bwino kumapeto kwa nthawi yopatsa, zomwe zimalimbikitsa kutentha ndi 20-21C. Chomeracho chili ndi rhizome yolimba pansi pa nthaka, yomwe imagawanika mosavuta, ndipo mbali iliyonse imanyamula masamba 2-3. Tsinde lalifupikitsa limapanga mfundo zatsopano, nthambi, masamba ang'onoang'ono akuwonekera. Kuonetsetsa kuti chitsamba sichikulire kwambiri, chimagawidwa m'magulu kuti aliyense akhale ndi kukula kokha komanso malo a rhizome. Mizu yosiyanasiyana imabzalidwa mu 12-16 masentimita miphika mu gawo lapansi lopangidwa ndi aroids. Amaphatikizapo pepala losakanizidwa, nthaka, mchenga ndi peat mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1: 0.5: 1. Ndikoyenera kuwonjezera zidutswa za njerwa, malasha, zidutswa za makungwa a mtengo ndi wouma mullein. Nthawi zina chimagwiritsidwa ntchito: mchere wotchedwa coniferous, earthy leafy, peat, humus ndi mchenga (2: 2: 2: 2: 1) kapena coniferous, leafy, humus, peat ndi mchenga (2: 4: 1: 1: 1) ndi zidutswa za makala.
Tizilombo : tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, nkhono, nsabwe za m'masamba.