Koma, monga mukudziwira, watsopanoyo akukhudzidwa ndi zonse zomwe zimakhudza zinyenyeswazi zake. Choncho tiyeni timvetsetse kuti ndi "mtundu wanji wa" chizindikiro "chomwe chimayikidwa ndi zipatala zakumayi kwa ana akhanda? Mbali ya Apgar ndi tebulo lapadera loyesa matenda a mwana m'miyezi yoyamba ya moyo. Njira yokhayo inakonzedwa ndi dokotala wa ku America, wodziŵa kupatsa thanzi Virginia Virginia Apgar mu 1952. Zinali zofunikila kuti azitsulo apakati apakati azipita mwamsanga kupita kumene mwana wakhanda ayenera kupatsidwa chidwi. Popeza chiwerengero cha Apgar chili ndi cholinga chenicheni, njirayi ikupitirizabe kugwira ntchito zomwezo masiku ano. Amalola madokotala kuti azichita mwamsanga zamankhwala pa nthawi, zofunika kwa mwana weniweni. Pa chiwerengero cha Apgar, kutalika ndi kulemera sikovuta kuunika, chofunika kwambiri - molondola.
Chikhalidwe cha thanzi la mwanayo chimayesedwa ndi zizindikiro zisanu:
• kupuma;
• malonda;
♦ Mawu achisoni;
• reflexes;
• Mtundu wa khungu.
Palibe masewero apadera ndi maphunziro omwe amapangidwa mu chipinda choperekera: Neonatologist, pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zake zokha komanso phonendoscope, amafufuza ndi kumvetsera kwa mwanayo ndipo zizindikiro zonse zikuwonetsa 0.1 kapena 2 mfundo. Mapiritsi apamwamba ndi 10. Zotsatira zonsezi zimagwiridwa kawiri: pa miniti yoyamba ndi yachisanu ya moyo wa mwanayo. Choncho, kulingalira nthawi zonse ndi ziwiri: mwachitsanzo, mfundo 8/9. Pa nthawi yomweyi nthawi zambiri mpaka maminiti asanu, mwanayo amakhulupirira zowonjezera mavesi 1-2. Tawonani kuti mfundo 10 za ana amakono ndizosazolowereka: malo osasangalatsa ndi olakwa, ndipo madokotala ndi osamala. Ana ambiri amapeza mfundo 7 mpaka 10, ndipo zotsatirazi zimaonedwa kuti ndi zabwino. Ana oterewa muzipinda zoyambira ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pachifuwa cha amayi anga, ndipo m'tsogolomu amafunikira chisamaliro chokhazikika. Mkhalidwe wa mwana yemwe adalandira mphindi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, umakhala wokhutiritsa, koma umafuna chithandizo. Eya, ana omwe adalandira mfundo 4 kapena zochepa zofunikira thandizo lachipatala mwamsanga pofuna kupewa chitukuko cha matenda aakulu ndikupulumutsa miyoyo yawo.
Chikondi chimakhala zozizwitsa zenizeni
Pakutha, gawo la Apgar liyenera kuikidwa pa khadi la kusinthanitsa la mwana, lomwe liyenera kuperekedwa kwa dokotala wa ana a dera la polyclinic. Zoonadi, ziwerengero zochepa ndi chizindikiro kwa dokotala: ana awa adzafunikira kuyang'anitsitsa kwachipatala kwa anyamata onse ndipo mwina, katswiri wa zamaganizo, katswiri wa opaleshoni, wodwala wamagetsi ndi ophthalmologist. Tsoka ilo, ana omwe adalandira zochepa zochepa angakhale ndi mavuto ena m'moyo wawo. Chifukwa chake, ntchito ya makolo ndiyo kukwaniritsa udindo wonse wa akatswiri. Pa nthawi yomweyi, palibe chifukwa chodandaula kwambiri: chiwerengero cha Apgar sichiyesa kuwonetsetsa kuti mwanayo ali ndi chidziwitso komanso chikhalidwe cha mwana wake wonse ndipo sichidziwikiratu zomwe angathe kuchita. Monga momwe nthawi yayitali imasonyezera, ana omwe ali ndi zochepa zochepa pa Apgar mosavuta kutenga ngati amapeza mkaka wokwanira wa amayi, chisamaliro chosasamala komanso mofatsa. Si chinsinsi kuti madzi a chikondi cha makolo amathetsa matenda alionse. Ndipo chisamaliro cha makolo, chisamaliro, chikondi chidzaloleza mwana wanu kukhala ndi thanzi labwino mtsogolo ndi kupeza zizindikiro zapamwamba mosasamala kanthu za zomwe zinawonetsedwa mu holo ya makolo. Mwa njira, mu kalasi imodzi ya masewera olimbitsa thupi, ana omwe ali ndi mayesero osiyanasiyana a Apgar kuphunzira (pali "eyiti" mnyamata, palinso "troeshnik"). Koma aphunzitsi amanena kuti m'kalasiyi ophunzira onse ali ndi mphamvu, apambana ndipo aliyense ali ndi luso mwa njira yake!