Momwe mungasungire mankhwala

Tonsefe kuyambira ubwana timaphunzitsidwa kuti chilichonse chiyenera kukhala m'malo mwake. Ndiye zidzakhala zophweka kupeza, ndipo zidzasungidwa bwino. Choncho, chakudya - m'firiji, zonunkhira - mu bokosi, zovala - pa hanger. Nanga bwanji za mankhwalawa? Ndipotu, onse ndi osiyana kwambiri. Ambiri aife timasungira mu khitchini kapena mu bafa, ndipo zomwe timafunikira tsiku ndi tsiku, timakhala pa tebulo pambali pa bedi. Ndipo ngakhale izi si zoona. Kawirikawiri, mapiritsi ndi mapepala amasungidwa pamalo amodzi, pokhapokha amapanga kanthawi kochepa kothandizira, komwe akukonzekera thandizo loyamba. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukukonzekera ulendo wopita ku nkhalango kapena ulendo wopita kudzikoli.

Mulimonsemo, mankhwala ayenera kusungidwa malinga ndi malamulo a asayansi. Apeze iwo ndi ophweka kwambiri: yang'anani pa malangizo oti mugwiritse ntchito. Ndikofunika kulingalira zinthu zingapo:

1. Kutentha

• Mankhwala ambiri amasungidwa kutentha (madigiri 15-20). Izi kawirikawiri zimatchula mapiritsi ndi mafinya, mwachitsanzo, ku mawonekedwe olimba ndi achangu.
• Ngati nthanoyi ikufotokoza zapadera zosungirako (malo owuma ndi ozizira), muyenera kuika mankhwala m'firiji. Awa ndi mankhwala omwe amasungira katundu wawo kutentha kwa madigiri 5 mpaka 15 Celsius. Inde, mufiriji sayenera kuikidwa, chifukwa iwo amangozizira ndi kukhala osayenera. M'firiji zamakono zamakono amenewa, pali madokotala apadera omwe ali pakhomo.
• Mafuta odzichepetsa (makandulo, mafuta onunkhira, ziboliboli) akhoza kusungidwa pa salifu pakati pa firiji. Ndipo pa zotsika kwambiri tidzaika mankhwala amadzi (mankhwala, syrups, etc.).

2. Kutentha

• Mapiritsi ndi ufa zimadya mosavuta chinyezi, choncho sungani malo ouma. Choncho, bafa - osati njira yabwino, komanso veranda kudziko ndi zipinda zina momwe mvula imakhala ikusintha nthawi zonse.
• Kukonzekera kosungidwa mu firiji kuyeneranso kutetezedwa ku chisanu poyamba kuziika mu thumba la pulasitiki kapena bokosi losindikizidwa.
  

3. Kuunika

• Mankhwala onse ayenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa, ndipo ndi bwino kuchotsa kwathunthu mu chipinda. Makamaka zimakhudza kukonzekera m'mabotolo oonekera.
  

4. Kuyankhulana ndi mpweya

• Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mitsempha imatsekedwa mwamphamvu, mwinamwake kusokonekera kwa mankhwala ndi mpweya kungayambe, zomwe zingasinthe katundu wa mankhwala.
• Mapiritsi ayenera kusungidwa mu phukusi losindikizidwa ndi fakitale.
  

5. Kupezeka kwa mamembala

• Inde, zingakhale bwino ngati simukusowa kufufuza mankhwala oyenera kwa nthawi yaitali. Choncho, kupeza chithandizo choyamba choyenera kumakhala kosavuta. Komabe, musaiwale za chitetezo, ngati nyumba yanu ili ndi ana ang'onoang'ono, anthu omwe ali ndi maso osawona kapena matenda okhudza ubongo, ndi zinyama.

Kodi njira yabwino kwambiri yosungiramo mankhwala ndi iti? Mukhoza kugula kachipangizo kakang'ono kothandiza kapena kusintha bokosi loyenera. Ziyenera kukhala zazikulu komanso zoyera. Zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa sizingakhale zofunika: pulasitiki, makatoni, zitsulo - chirichonse chidzagwira ntchito.

Zamadzimadzi ndi zowonongeka zikuyenera kusungidwa mosiyana. Choncho, chithandizo choyamba choyenera chiyenera kukhala ndi ma dipatimenti angapo:

• mapiritsi, powders, granules, mapiritsi;
• madontho, mabala, mavitini;
• mafuta odzola ndi zothetsera;
• kuvala zakuthupi (mabanki, ziboliboli);
• mankhwala apadera (thermometer, penti yotentha, magolovesi, pipettes);
• zitsamba.

Mwanjira imeneyi mungathe kupeza zomwe mukufunikira mwamsanga.

• Mankhwala amadzimadzi, makamaka omwe amadetsedwa kwambiri (ayodini, zelenka, tinctures), ndi bwino kuika mu chidebe ndi pansi.
• Oxidizers (ayodini, manganese, hydrogen peroxide) akhoza kuwononga mapiritsi onse awiri, ngakhalenso mphira ndi mipando. Ikani mabotolo ndi ndalama izi mu galasi lotsekedwa mitsuko.
• Mitengo ya mankhwala imapangitsa chinyezi ndi zonunkhira bwino, siziyenera kusungidwa m'matumba apulasitiki ochiritsira, koma mu matumba a mapepala. Komanso abwino ndi makatoni.
• Sizosangalatsa kupanga mndandanda wa mankhwala omwe alipo omwe ali oyenera, omwe ayenera kukhazikitsidwa pachivundikiro cha chithandizo choyamba. Kawirikawiri yesetsani "kuyendera" ndi mankhwala omwe akuchedwa kuchepetsa mwamphamvu. Iwo sagwiritsidwa ntchito kwenikweni.
• Sungani mankhwala pamodzi ndi mapepala awo oyambirira ndi ndemanga.
• Sungani chithandizo choyamba chochoka kwa ana. Musamulole kuti azisewera ndi mankhwala, ngakhale kuti zikuwoneka kuti mulibe vuto. Ndi bwino ngati sakudziwa kumene zasungidwa konse.