Ultrasound (ultrasound) ndi njira yodziŵira matenda a m'mawere. Kwa amayi osakwana zaka 35, izi ndizofunika komanso njira imodzi yokha yowonera matenda a mammary. Ultrasound ndi njira yowonjezera yowunikira yowunikira mtundu uliwonse wa mawere m'mawere pa nthawi ya kafukufuku wamakono kapena mammography. Kodi ultrasound ya m'mawere ndi yotani? - m'nkhaniyi.
Ultrasound ya m'mawere
Matenda a mammary ndi ofanana kwambiri, choncho kusintha kwa minofu yake sikunali kotheka nthawi zonse. Kuti mudziwe bwinobwino, kuthamanga kwakukulu kwa ultrasound n'kofunika. Wodwala amagona kumbuyo kumayendedwe, pamene minofu ya mammary pansi pa sensa imachepetsedwa mpaka pafupifupi masentimita atatu. Dokotala akhoza kuyang'anitsitsa bwinobwino mtundu uliwonse wa mankhwalawa.
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa ultrasound mu zamaliseche kumakhala ndi mavuto ena:
- N'zosatheka kuzindikiritsa momwe chikhalidwecho chimakhalira;
- vuto la kuyang'ana malo pansi pa msomali;
- kusasintha kwazing'ono zing'onozing'ono ndi kusakwanira kokwanira kusankhidwa;
- Kusiyana kwa zosiyana ndi zida zozungulira, zomwe zimasintha zinawoneka;
- Kulephera kugwiritsira ntchito ngati kuyesa kuyesa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa njirayo.
Zigawo za minofu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mammary gland azidziŵika ndizing'onoting'ono za ultrasound.
• Khungu: mzere wosiyana kwambiri wawiri pa pamwamba pa gland.
• Mafuta: amawonetsedwa pagawidwe la tizigawo ting'onoting'ono kapena tating'ono tomwe timakhala tambirimbiri, nthawi zambiri timakhala ndi makulidwe a masentimita atatu ndi mdima wambiri poyerekeza ndi khungu ndi minofu yambiri.
• Kugwiritsira ntchito mgwirizano: umatanthauzidwa ngati nyumba zokhoma, zomwe zimagwirizanitsa ndi khungu ndi thoracic fascia.
• Parenchyma (minofu yambiri): minofu yosiyana-siyana yomwe imapezeka m'mimba mwa chifuwa, momwe zimakhalira ndi ma hormoni.
• Ma protocols: amawonetsedwa ngati mawonekedwe aatali otalikirana ndi 2-3 mm.
Kusintha kwa Benign
Matenda a pachifuwa amayamba kukhala ndi estrogens ndipo amakhudzidwa ndi zotsatira zake poonjezera kuchuluka kwa minofu yowonongeka ndi kupukuta mazira. Kusinthasintha kwapadera kwa mtundu umenewu kumaonedwa pakati pa zizindikiro za matenda oyambirira.
Zosavuta
Maselo osavuta (osakwatiwa kapena angapo) ali ndi zipangizo zovomerezeka ndi mahomoni, maonekedwe ake omwe amachititsa kuti mitsempha ikhale yotsekedwa komanso kuwonjezereka kwa mtengowo. Nkhumba zing'onozing'ono zimasintha kukula kwake ndi mawonekedwe ake pa nthawi ya kusamba. Magulu akuluakulu amatha kuvulaza, zomwe zimafuna kuti asatuluke.
Fibroadenoma
Fibroadenoma ndi omwe amavuta kwambiri pachifuwa cha atsikana. Kawirikawiri ali ndi zochepa kapena zosawerengeka zomveka (kusiyana), amapereka mthunzi wooneka bwino pambuyo pawokha ndipo ukhoza kugawidwa m'makondomu angapo.
Khansa ya m'mawere
Kukhalapo kwazing'onozing'ono kungakhale chizindikiro chokha cha khansa ya m'mawere ngakhale popanda maonekedwe ooneka. Mammography idzazindikira zizindikiro zoyambirira za calcification, ndipo ultrasound imathandiza kuzindikira kuti thupi ndi loipa kapena loipa.
Kupanga Doppler
Doppler scan imapereka mawonekedwe a mitsempha ya m'magazi mkati ndi pozungulira maonekedwe. Njirayo imalola kuti adziwe ngati alowa mu chotupa kapena ali pambali ponseponse, komanso kuti azipewa kuvulaza chotengera panthawi yomwe yatha. Kuti mudziwe mtundu wa maphunziro, m'pofunikira kutenga mfundo kuti muzisanthula. Ultrasound nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti mudziwe malo enieni omwe apangidwe panthawiyi. Njira imeneyi imalola kupeza zithunzithunzi zapakati pazomwe zimakhalapo. Zochitika zam'tsogolo zamakono opanga ma ultrasound zikuphatikizapo kuthamanga kwapamwamba komanso Doppler kusinthana. Makina apakono, omwe amapangidwira kwa mammolologists, ali ndi masensa aang'ono omwe amanyamula manja ndi maulendo 7,5 mpaka 20 MHz. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa ultrasound yapamwamba kumatha kuzindikira zochepa zapadera zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri. Pogwiritsa ntchito selo ndi mafupipafupi a 10-13 MHz, dokotala amadziwika mosavuta ngakhale zotupa zazing'ono kwambiri. Panali mwayi woti mudziwe molondola malire a mapangidwe, omwe amachititsanso kuti muzindikire. Zithunzi zimenezi zogwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono komanso zowonjezereka zimasonyeza thupi lamkati m'mimba.