Malingana ndi chiwerengero, 70% mwa anthu onse padziko lapansi ali ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Mwa iwo omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka ziweto - pafupifupi theka. Ndipo ichi ndi deta chabe. Mosakayika, mavoti "osadziwika" a matendawa ndi ochuluka kwambiri. Kawirikawiri osati, zidole zazinyama zimapereka eni ake ndi tapeworm. Kachiwiri - matenda a parasitic echinococcosis.
Kodi kutenga kachilomboka kumatanthauzanji?
Matendawa amatchedwa parasitism, omwe ali m'thupi la munthu atsimikiziridwa ndi kulowa mkati ndi chitukuko mu ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za mphutsi za tapeworm ya galu. Anthu ndi zina zake ndizopakati ndi magulu otsiriza a tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa akulowa m'thupi lathu kuchokera kwa galu.
Mapulogalamu a tapeworm - mphutsi ngati mphutsi yokhala ndi ma millimeters pang'ono okha, ali ndi magawo 3-4, omwe ali ndi mazira 400 mpaka 800 ndi mphutsi. Atatha kucha, amasiya thupi la galu pamodzi ndi nyansi zake, motero amadetsa malo (nthaka, zipatso ndi masamba, ngakhale zinthu zina zosunthira). Mazira ameneŵa amakhala osasunthika ndipo amakhalabe m'deralo, ndipo ngakhale mvula kapena kutentha kapena kutentha kumatha kufa. Pamene akugawira, gawo lalikulu limasewera ndi ntchentche zomwe zimagwera chakudya, thupi komanso mchenga kumene ana amasewera. Mukhoza kugwira, ngakhale kupuma mu chilengedwe, ngati ntchentche zikuuluka mozungulira.
Kodi munthu ali ndi kachilomboka bwanji?
Munthu amatha kutenga kachilombo kokha kuchokera ku zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, mazira omwe ali nawo, komanso ndi kulumikizana mwachindunji kapena mosagwirizana ndi chirombo chodwala (caresses, touches, kisses). Mazira ovomerezeka, omwe kawirikawiri amalephera kuwona, amatha kukhala mphutsi m'matumbo, motero amatha kulowa mkati mwa mitsempha ya magazi, ndipo kuchokera mmagaziwo kupita ku chiwindi, mapapo ndi ziwalo zina. Mphutsi izi zikukula mofulumira, zimayambitsa chitukuko cha makoswe a echinococcal, omwe amadziwika ndi mawonekedwe a kunja. Mphunoyi imakhala nthawi zambiri m'chiwindi (pafupifupi 75%), m'mapapo (20%), nthawi zambiri m'mipso, minofu, mphala ndi ziwalo zina zamkati.
Kodi ndi zotani zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa?
Kaŵirikaŵiri izi ndi agalu osokonezeka omwe amadya zakudya zonyansa ndi zowonongeka. Galu m'tsogolomu akhoza kukhala chitsimikizo cha matenda kwa zaka 2-3. Kuwonjezera apo, matendawa mwa iye adzakhala osakwanira komanso osadzivulaza yekha. Koma ena adzakhala ovuta.
Kodi ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe zimawoneka bwino?
Nthaŵi zambiri, zizindikiro zoyamba ndizosafunika kwenikweni ndipo siziwoneka. Ziphuphu zingathe kupezeka mwangozi, mwachitsanzo. Pogwiritsa ntchito fluorography kapena x-ray. Komabe, zizindikiro zimadalira pakukhazikika kwa khungu. Pamene makoswewa ndi aakulu kwambiri ndipo ali m'mapapu, muli chifuwa, kupweteka m'mimba ndi m'chigawo cha chiwindi. Kunja, zizindikirozo zimafanana ndi chibayo kapena bronchitis. Matenda a chiwindi amasonyeza ngati chizindikiro cha kukula kwa pang'onopang'ono, kotero kuti kusintha kukula ndi mawonekedwe a chiwindi kungachititse kumverera kwachisoni ndi kupanikizika mu hypochondrium ya kumanja yabwino. Pankhaniyi mavuto angayambitse chitukuko cha jaundice.
Kodi anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo amawopsa kwa anthu ena?
Tiyenera kudziŵa kuti agalu omwe ali ndi mavitamini a echinococcus siopseza anthu, chifukwa matendawa sangathe kutenga kachilomboka kwa munthu aliyense. Izi ndizoopsa kwambiri kwa mwiniwake, chifukwa matendawa ndi oopsa kwambiri, chifukwa chothetsa chimbudzi chimakhala chovuta kwambiri, chifukwa nyongolotsi imayika mazira m'matumbo. Chithandizo cha panthaŵi yake, monga lamulo, chimachotsedwa mwa kuchotsa mbali ya chiwalo, mkati mwake chomwe chiri choyang'ana cha majeremusi. Koma nthawi zambiri izi sizipereka mankhwala okwanira, chifukwa ngati mphutsi imodzi imakhalabe mwa munthu - zinyama zingathe kuberekanso.
Kodi tingachite chiyani?
Chinthu choyamba ndi chofunikira kwambiri ndi ukhondo waumwini komanso kusamba bwino masamba ndi zipatso musanadye. Mutatha kulankhulana ndi galu, muyenera kusamba m'manja mwamsanga, ndipo izi muyenera kuphunzitsa ana anu. Galu sayenera kudya nyama yaiwisi kuchokera kumalo osokoneza bongo - akhoza kutenga kachilombo ka tapopom. Zakudya zomwe zapangidwa kuti zikhale zoweta sizikhoza kuteteza chitetezo. Galu wanu akhoza kutenga kachilomboka, komabe akadakondwera kudyetsa kuposa zoopsa.
Ndikoyenera kuyendetsa galu molingana ndi ndondomekoyi, nthawi zonse kuwonetsa izi kwa veterinarian, ndi kuteteza utitiri kuti uwonjezeke pa izo. Ndi ntchentche zomwe zimadziwika kuti zimanyamula matenda aakulu omwe angathe kukhala owopsa kwa anthu. Ndi hypersensitivity, munthu akhoza kupanga zilonda zam'mimba kapena kupweteka kwaphalaphala, komwe kumaphatikizapo kuyabwa kwakukulu ndi zomwe zimachitidwa - malungo, mantha komanso ngakhale kusowa tulo. Akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti agalu pafupifupi onse amakhala m'zipinda zawo, kamodzi kamodzi pamoyo wawo, anali atanyamula utitiri, womwe nthawi zina suwoneka kwa anthu ndipo amangoyerekeza ndi madontho a galu.
Amphaka - ogwira ntchito ya toxoplasmosis
Malingana ndi kuti amphaka ndi nyama zoyera kwambiri, ambiri mwa eni ake amasiya kusiya zovuta zowonetsera ziweto. Ziwerengero zimasonyeza kuti 90% mwa amphaka apakhomo sanayambe atapita kwa veterinarian. Koma amphaka angakhalenso othandiza matenda akuluakulu omwe angawononge thanzi la anthu. Chimodzi mwa matenda akuluakulu oterewa ndi toxoplasmosis. Matenda omwe amapezeka mosayembekezereka ndikupita mofulumira kumayambiriro, omwe ndi owopsa pambuyo pake. Vuto lalikulu kwambiri ndi la amayi apakati. Pa miyezi 3-6 yoyamba ya mimba mwana m'mimba mwa mayi yemwe ali ndi matenda a toxoplasmosis akhoza kuyamba kukula molakwika kapena kufa. Pomwepo, mwanayo amabadwa ndi toxoplasmosis.
Vuto ndilokuti tizilombo ta matendawa ndi ofunika kwambiri. Kulowetsa mkati mwa maselo, amapanga makoswe omwe ali ndi mavitamini ambirimbiri. Amphaka ndi omwe amachititsa kuti anthu asatenge kachilombo ka HIV. Dziwani kuti kudya nkhuku zosaphika kapena nyama yophika bwino kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda. Mwachitsanzo, ku United States, anthu 22.5% oposa zaka 12 ndi 15% mwa amayi omwe ali ndi zaka zakubadwa ali ndi matenda a toxoplasmosis.
Kuwonongeka kwa majeremusi, kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku thupi laumunthu, kumakhudza ziwalo zambiri, koma nthawi zambiri zimakhudza ubongo ndi khoma lamkati la diso. Toxoplasmosis ya congenital imayambitsa matenda opatsirana a ubongo ndi meninges, malungo, nthenda yothamanga ndi chiwindi, khungu, jaundice ndi zizindikiro zina zazikulu. Zitha kupezeka m'miyezi yoyamba ya moyo kapena panthawi ina m'kukula kwa mwanayo.
Nthaŵi zambiri amapezeka kuti toxoplasmosis amapezeka mosazindikira, koma kawirikawiri pali malungo, kupweteka kwa minofu, kuwonjezeka kwa ma lymph nodes, myocarditis, ndi zina zotero.
Kumbukirani: kukhala mabwenzi okhulupirika a ziweto zathu zambiri sikofunikira - ndikofunikira kuti tizitsatira miyezo yapamwamba ya ukhondo komanso osaphonya nthawi zonse kwa veterinarian. Ndipo musaganize nthawi zonse za mphutsi zomwe mungapeze - mphaka kapena galu ayenera kukhala munthu wokondwa. Kwa iwo muyenera kulankhulana, muyenera kuwakonda, muzichita mwanzeru komanso mopanda malire.