Mafuta a soya. Zomwe zimapindulitsa.
Mafuta a soya ali ndi mankhwala, chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito thupi nthawi zonse kukhala wathanzi komanso wathanzi. Mafuta amtundu uwu amayenda m'njira yoyenera: ana amafunikira mafuta kuti akule bwino ndi kukula; akazi amapanga batala wokongola ndi osakhwima; Amuna chifukwa cha ntchito ya mafuta amakhalabe amphamvu komanso amunthu.
Mafuta a soya, mosiyana ndi mafuta ena a zamasamba ali ndi chilengedwe chokwanira, choncho amamwa thupi lonse (98-100%). Kalekale kummawa iwo ankadziwa za mafuta awa: Mwachitsanzo, ochiritsa ndi asayansi ku China analemba za katundu wa soybean mafuta zaka zoposa 5000 zapitazo - panthawi imeneyo anaphunzira kale kuchokera ku soya kukonzekera zakudya zosiyanasiyana.
Ku Ulaya, soya yokha inapezeka m'ma 1800 AD. Woyamba kuphunzira za chakudya chatsopano anaphunzira ndi French. Mwa njira, France ili ndi msuzi wa soya, osati soya yokha. Ku England, adaphunzira za soya kumapeto kwa zaka zana.
Ife tinangophunzira za soya kumayambiriro kwa zaka za zana la 20, ndipo "chifukwa cha" nkhondo ya Chirasha-Yachijapani: Kum'mawa kwakummawa kunali ndi vuto ndi ngolo ya zogulitsa ndipo chifukwa chake asilikari anadyetsedwa mankhwala a soya.
Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa mafuta a soya kumapezeka olemba ochokera ku China omwe amalumikiza kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta a soya ndi kugonana pakati pa amuna, ndipo panthawi imeneyo anali aphrodisiac wamphamvu kwambiri. Kalekale, panali malingaliro ena okhudza mphamvu za kugonana kwa amuna, amasiyana kwambiri ndi malingaliro athu amakono: Mwachitsanzo, nthawi zakale amakhulupirira kuti munthu wabwino amakhala ndi amayi osachepera khumi. Kotero, tsiku lirilonse iye amayenera kuchita zachiwerewere khumi, ndiye kuti pokhapokha iye adzakhala wabwino kwambiri mpaka atakalamba. Choncho, amuna amakono sayenera kunyalanyaza mafuta a soya kuti akhale ndi gawo limodzi la "mphamvu izi".
Kuwongolera mafuta a soya.
M'mawonekedwe ake, mafuta a soya amakhala ndi mavitamini E ambiri (okhala ndi mafomu E1, E2), omwe ndi ofunikira kugonana. Vitamini E ndi 2b1, kutanthauza kuti ili ndi mitundu iwiri, ndipo lero ikudziwika: E1 ndi tocopherols (delta, alpha, gamma, beta), E2 ndi tocotrienols (delta, alpha, gamma, beta). Mavitamini amadziwika ndi thupi, zonsezi zimafunika. Mitundu yonseyi imapezeka kokha kuzinthu zakuthupi, m'mavitamini a ma pharmacy alibe ma tocotrienols, choncho thupi silitenga vitamini E.
Ngati nthawi zonse mumadya zakudya zatsopano (komanso mafuta a soya), zomwe zimaphatikizapo vitamini E, ndiye kuti thupi lonse lidzatengeka pafupifupi 100%. Madokotala ambiri, mwatsoka, samadziwa za izi, kapena sakufuna kudziwa.
Mafuta a soya amawonjezera zigawo zina: calcium, vitamini C, sodium, potaziyamu, magnesium, phosphorous, potaziyamu, komanso lecithin, asidi unsaturated ndi saturated acids. Mu mafuta a soya, linoleic acid ndi yochuluka kwambiri, asidi awa amaletsa chitukuko cha khansa. Kenaka akubwera palmitic, oleic, stearic ndi alpha-linolenic acid. Zinthu zonsezi sizilola kuti mafuta a cholesterol azinjike m'ziwiyazo. Mafuta a soya amagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera matenda a atherosclerosis, matenda a impso. Kuonjezera apo, mafuta a soya ndi othandiza chifukwa amachotsa zotsatira za kupsinjika bwino, kumalimbitsa chitetezo chokwanira, kumayambitsa matumbo, kumapangitsa kuti thupi liziyenda bwino.
Kupeza mafuta a soya.
Pakalipano, mafuta a soya amapangidwa ku Russia m'njira ziwiri: kukanikiza ndi njira yamagetsi, ndipo kuchotsa ndi njira yamagetsi.
Koma zipangizo zamakono sizinayimebe, koma zipitilizabe kukula, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kaŵirikaŵiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, pamene mankhwala oyambirira amakhala ndi chilengedwe chake, mafuta amawononga zachilengedwe, ndipo mphamvu imakhala yochepa.
Njira yowonongeka kwa hexane masiku ano ikuwoneka kuti ndi yamakono kwambiri: mafuta amachotsedwa ndi njira yosakanikirana, kuonetsetsa kuti mankhwalawa ndi abwino kwambiri, omwe sali otsika kwa mafuta a masamba, ndipo amafunidwa m'mayiko ena (mafuta ena amatumizidwa kunja).
Mafuta ozizira kwambiri amaonedwa kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri, mafutawa ali ndi fungo losangalatsa ndipo sungasungidwe kwa nthawi yayitali. Pambuyo pazigawo kapena m'zigawo, mafuta aliwonse amasankhidwa, kenako mankhwalawa amatchedwa mafuta osakanizika.
Kuti apange mafuta osadulidwa, ayenera kuyendetsa ntchito: shalafu yowonjezera, koma chiwerengero cha mankhwalawa chachepa. Mafuta osakonzedwa amakhala ndi fungo lamphamvu, mtundu wowala, kukoma kwa mbewu za soya. Zinthu zopindulitsa zimasungidwa, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zopangidwira. Mu mafuta a soya, ambiri a lecithin, omwe amathandiza kusintha ubongo.
Zambiri zimapatsa kudya mafuta a soya okhazikika, izi zimakhudzidwa ndi kuti kukoma ndi kununkhiza kwa osakwanira sikuti aliyense angakonde. Zowononga, ndithudi, sizimayambitsa, komabe, sikofunika kuti uzizira mwachangu ndi mafuta, chifukwa poizoni amapangidwa, kuphatikizapo khansa.
Ntchito ya mafuta a soya.
Mu cosmetology: mafuta a soya amakhala ndi zinthu zogwiritsidwa ntchito mu cosmetology. Kuti asamalire khungu la mafuta, mafutawa sagwiritsidwe ntchito (akhoza kukhala comedogenic), koma khungu labwino komanso louma, mafuta a soya amayenda bwino. Mafuta a soya amachititsa kuti khungu lizikhala bwino, limathandizira kusunga chinyezi, kuteteza chitetezo pamtunda. Masks ndi mafuta a soya ndi khungu louma, ndi lopanda nyengo, amathandiza kubwezeretsa khungu, labwino komanso labwino.
Mafuta a soya okhwima amaonedwa kuti ndi abwino: kubwezeretsa khungu lotupa ndi kutulutsa khungu, kumatulutsa khungu, kumachepetsa makwinya abwino, kuchepetsa ukalamba.
Kuphika: mafuta odzozedwa a soya ndi okoma, sangathe kuphika masamba okha, komanso nyama yowuma, kukonzekera ozizira ozizira, kuphika, kuphika mbale yoyamba, ndi yachiwiri (ku Russia sichizolowereka). Kudera lakum'mawa kwa Russia, mafuta a soya ndi amtengo wapatali (mafuta ena amagwiritsidwanso ntchito, koma kale monga zina), ndipo izi ndi zomveka, chifukwa pali soya ambiri omwe ali kumeneko. Mu mafuta a soya yakula kwambiri kuposa mbadwo umodzi. Ngati mafuta atha kuyendetsa pulogalamu yowonongeka, kutayira magazi, kutulutsa magazi komanso kumwa mavitamini, ndiye kuti mafuta akhoza kuyengedwa bwino. Mafuta oyeretsedwa ayenera kusungidwa mu botolo la galasi lamdima ndi pamalo amdima, ndipo amatha kusunga katundu wake kwa nthawi yaitali.