Kwa mtundu wa gardenia ndiwo nthawi zonse, komanso zitsamba ndi mitengo yokongoletsedwa. Gardenia ali ndi mphukira zamphamvu, zomwe, malingana ndi mitundu, zimabereka kapena pubescent. Tsamba la masamba limagwedezeka, nthawi zina mosiyana, masamba omwewo ali owala komanso amakhala ndi zizindikiro. Maluwa okomera, monga lamulo, ali okhaokha, nthawizina amasonkhanitsidwa ndi zikopa zapical kapena axillary za chikasu kapena zoyera. Maluwa ali ndi fungo losangalatsa.
Gardenia ndi chomera chimene chimatha kukula palimodzi komanso ngati chomera chimodzi.
Kusamalira mbewu
Monga tanenera kale, gardenenia ndizovuta kwambiri: imakonda kutentha, chinyezi komanso kuwala. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, zimatenga nthawi kuti zitsatire zochitika zatsopano. Mmerawo ukhoza ngakhale kutaya masambawo, ngati mutatembenuza mphika pang'ono kumbali ina ku kuwala.
Kulima kumasowa kupereka kupasuka, koma kuwala kowala chaka chonse. Chomera ndibwino kumverera pafupi ndi mawindo akuyang'ana kumadzulo ndi kummawa. Ngati mawindo akuyang'ana chakummwera, ndiye chitetezeni chomera kuchokera ku dzuwa pamene dzuwa likugwira ntchito. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito pepala kapena nsalu yotayirira pa izi. Ngati mawindo akupita kumpoto, ndiye kuti chomeracho chiyenera kupereka nyali zina.
Anthu okhala m'chigawo chapakati cha Russia akhoza kutenga gardenenia kunja kwa chilimwe. Komabe, onetsetsani kuti amatetezedwa ku dzuwa, ma drafts ndi mphepo. Ngati mumakhala kumadera akum'mwera, ndiye sungani chomeracho mumthunzi. Masamba a gardenia amafunika kutsukidwa ku mfuti ya mfuti kangapo patsiku.
M'nyengo yozizira, zomera zimasowa kuunikira kwina. Kuti muchite izi, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi a fulorosenti (LBU, LB), chiwerengero chake chimadalira kukula kwa malo owala (pamtunda wa mita mita 4). Chitsime chiyenera kukhala pafupi 60-70 masentimita pamwamba pa chomera.
Pakuyambitsa masamba, munda sungakonde kusinthira gwero ndi mphamvu ya kuwala, kotero palibe chifukwa chosuntha mphika ndi chomera mwanjira iliyonse. Mwa njira, masamba omwe aonekera angathe kuuma ngakhale ngati kulibe kuwala.
Kupaka nyumbayi kumakula ndikukondweretseni ndi maluwa kokha ngati mupereka kutentha kwapadera kwa izo. Choncho, m'nyengo ya chilimwe komanso kumapeto kwa kutentha ayenera kukhala 22-24C, m'dzinja ayenera kupititsa pang'onopang'ono kufika 18C - izi zidzateteza maonekedwe a impso. Zimaloledwa kuti kutentha kwa mpweya kubwere ku 16C usiku. Kumbukirani kuti chomeracho chikhoza kufa ngati mutachoka pamtunda kapena muzimitsa mizu. Ngati, panthawi ya mpweya wa impso, mpweya wa mpweya uli pamwamba pa 22 ° C, ndiye mphukira za vegetative zidzawonekera msanga m'malo mwa impso. Kuwonjezera apo, onetsetsani kuti kutentha kwa dothi ndi mpweya ndi chimodzimodzi.
Kuthirira
Pakati pa nyengo, zomera zimadalira madzi okwanira nthawi zonse nthaka itatha. M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, mbewu imathiriridwa masiku awiri mutatha nsonga yowonjezera nthaka. Miyezi ingapo isanafike maluwa, ndiko kuti, mwezi wa March-April, kutsirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa, mwinamwake masambawo sangafike bwino.
Nthaka simungakhoze kukhala madzi ndi kuyamwa. Kuthirira mbewu ndi kofunikira pakuima madzi, komwe kumawotha kuposa kutentha kwa firimu ndi madigiri angapo. Nthaka ndi madzi ayenera kukhala acidic. Kuti muvomereze chikhalidwe ichi, mukhoza kuwonjezera madontho pang'ono a mandimu mumadzi kapena kuika madzi pa peat. Ngati izi sizikuchitika, masambawo amachepetsedwa mu kukula ndi kutuluka chikasu.
Pogwiritsa ntchito masamba, m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuti mvula imakhala yambiri. Pochita izi, ikani mphika ndi chomera mu sitayi yomwe ili ndi wet sphagnum kapena peat, koma onetsetsani kuti pansi sikukhudza madzi. Musanayambe masambawo, tsaya mbewu ndikuimitsa, chifukwa madzi omwe agwera pa maluwa amasiya mabala a bulauni, ndipo amawononga maonekedwewo. Pakati pa maluwa, ndi bwino kupukuta masamba ndi siponji yonyowa.
Kuwonjezera feteleza
Pamene munda wa gardenenia udakali wachinyamata, umayenera kudyetsedwa ndi mchere ndi feteleza organic nthawi zingapo pa mwezi. Pankhaniyi, mtundu wa feteleza uyenera kusinthidwa. Akuluakulu gardenias amadyetsedwa mlungu uliwonse kuchokera ku kasupe mpaka mochedwa. Mankhwalawa sayenera kukhala ndi calcium! Mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala osakaniza, komanso pefoguminovye feteleza. Ngati minda yanu ya chikasu yamasamba, muzitsuka ndi mankhwala a sulphate.
Mbewuyo itatha, phulani mphukira, kusiya theka kapena gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a kutalika kwake. Mphukira zofooka zingathe kudula kwathunthu. Pakati pa zamasamba, chitetezeni kumtunda kwa mphukira zazing'ono - izi zimathandiza kuti pakhale mphukira yowonjezera, komanso mapangidwe a impso. Kuchokera ku mphukira zakudulidwa, mukhoza kupeza zomera zatsopano.
Kusindikiza
Sakanizani gardenia mu masika kapena mutatha maluwa, koma ngati ndi kofunikiradi. Ngakhale ena amalangiza kuti ndikasendeze achinyamata gardenia chaka ndi chaka, komanso akuluakulu - zaka 2-3, kuchotsa zina mwa mizu.
Nthaka, monga yatchulidwa kale, iyenera kumasuka, yowawa ndi yachonde. Ndi bwino kusakaniza sod ndi coniferous lapansi, mchenga ndi peat mofanana. Komabe, acidity ya nthaka imachepa ndi nthawi yobwezeretsa, gwiritsani ntchito madzi, kulowetsani pa peat kapena madzi ndi kuwonjezera kwa madzi a mandimu.
Zowonongeka mu kasupe kapena kumayambiriro kwa mphukira zowonjezereka zimayenera kubzalidwa mchenga ndi peat (mofanana). Izi zisanachitike, ndizofunikira kugwira mphukira mu njira yothetsera potassium permanganate, yomwe iyenera kukhala yofiira pinki. Nthawi zina mphukira imapereka mizu mumadzi wamba. Mutabzala ndi cuttings, kuphimba mphika ndi galasi mtsuko kapena polyethylene. Musaiwale kutsekemera chomeracho ndi kusungunula nthaka. Mphukira imatenga mizu patatha mwezi umodzi, panthawiyi iyenera kuikidwa mu chisakanizo cha peat, mchenga ndi nthaka ya coniferous.
Pakuti gardeneni ndi ngozi ya nsabwe za m'masamba, mphere ndi kangaude.