Posachedwapa matenda a shuga adzakula m'maiko onse padziko lapansi. Pofuna kuti musadwale matendawa, yang'anani shuga lanu la magazi. Matenda a shuga ndi kuchuluka kwa shuga m'magazi. Kuti glucose alowe m'seri, insulini (puloteni hormone), yomwe imapangidwa ndi maselo a beta mu mphukira, imafunika. Mwachizolowezi, mitundu iwiri ya matenda a shuga - mtundu Woyamba I ndi mtundu wa II - ndi wamba.
Mtundu wa shuga Ndimayamwitsa kawirikawiri ana ndi achinyamata. Chifukwa cha ichi - pafupifupi kuthetsa kwathunthu kwa mankhwala opangidwa ndi insulini chifukwa cha imfa ya maselo a beta mu mphukira. Chomwe chimayambitsa matenda a shuga pachiyambi choyamba. Mbali yapamwamba yamagazi yamagazi imabweretsa madandaulo, monga: kulepheretsa kukodza, ludzu, kutopa, kutaya kwadzidzidzi, kuthamanga, machiritso osafulumira. Chithandizo cha mtundu uwu wa shuga ndikutulutsa insulini nthawi zonse mothandizidwa ndi jekeseni wokhazikika.
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri ali ndi zaka zoposa 40, kawirikawiri chifukwa cha kulemera kwambiri. Popeza kusowa kwa insulini sikunatchulidwe monga poyamba. Matenda a shuga amayamba pang'onopang'ono komanso mobisa.
Ndi kulemera kwambiri kwa thupi, chiwerengero chachikulu cha minofu ya adipose imapangitsa kuti insulini ikwaniritsidwe mu metabolism. Pofuna kuthana ndi kutsutsana ndi maselo a mafuta ndikuonetsetsa kuti shuga ya magazi imakhala yachilendo, ziphaso zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa zimapangitsa kuti thupi likhale ndi matenda owonjezera thupi. Koma pang'onopang'ono chitukuko cha insulini chimatha, ndipo msinkhu wa shuga wa magazi ukuwonjezeka moyenera.
Nthawi zina zizindikiro za mtundu wa shuga wachiwiri zimawoneka patangotha zaka zambiri chiyambireni matendawa. Koma, ngati mwadzidzidzi pangokhala kuwonjezeka pang'ono kwa shuga m'magazi, izi zingachititse kuti zikhale zosasinthika. Kuzindikira matenda a shuga a mtundu wa II, madokotala nthawi zambiri amaonetsa mavuto aakulu: kuchepa kwachithunzi, kuchepa kwachinyengo komanso kupweteka kwambiri.
Matenda a shuga sachitika mosavuta ndipo sangathe kuwuka pachiyambi. Pali zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa: Kukhalapo kwa matendawa mwa achibale, kulemera kwa thupi kwapamwamba kuposa makilogalamu 4.5, kunenepa kwambiri, kupwetekedwa, matenda, matenda osokoneza bongo, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena nthawi yaitali.
Pofuna kupeza matendawa nthawi, kamodzi pa chaka muyenera kukachezera dokotala wachigawo. Pezani kafukufuku wathunthu, funsani magazi chifukwa cha shuga. Mukhozanso kuyang'ana shuga lanu la shuga, mothandizidwa ndi mayesero a mayeso ndi glucometers - zonsezi zikhoza kupezeka ku pharmacy pafupi ndi inu.
Mu matenda a shuga a mtundu wachiwiri, muyenera kutsatira moyenera zakudya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kutenga shuga kuchepetsa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komanso nthawi zina, kutenga insulini.
Pakalipano, poyambitsa insulini, sirinji imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka. Komanso panali magalimoto akuluakulu omwe amapereka insulini yowonjezereka, nthawi zina ndi mlingo woyenera kugwiritsira ntchito shuga ndi kukonza nthawi yake.
Kuti musadalire pa matenda, musadzipange kukhala zoletsa zosiyana, muyenera kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse magazi. Cholinga chachikulu: kukonza shuga m'magazi pamtundu woyandikana nawo kwambiri. Mbali ya kudya kwabwino kwa shuga ndi 3.3-3.5 mmol / l, maola 1.5-2 mutatha kudya mpaka 7.8 mmol / l. Ndi matenda a shuga ndi ofunika kukhala ndi luso lodziwunika ndikudziyeretsa nthawi zonse.