Oimira za mtunduwu ndi zitsamba zamakono komanso zosatha, nthawizina ndi miyendo yopanda masamba. Muzu muzu muli masamba. Maluwa okongola nthawizonse, amphindi asanu, makamaka achikasu, ofiira kapena obiriwira, mu umbellate inflorescences, omwe sakhala okhaokha. Kalyx tubular, kapena campanulate; Gwiritsani ntchito chubu ndi mzere wopangidwa ndi mphuno. Zipatso - bokosi.
Anthu a ku Greece wakale ankaganiza kuti mu primrose ndi mankhwala ochiritsira matenda onse. M'masamba ake muli carotene ambiri, vitamini C, glycosides, chakudya, ma acid ndi mafuta ofunikira. Choncho, ndizozoloŵera kutenga chifuwa choyamba cha matenda a rheumatism, mutu umodzi, kuwachitira ndi bronchitis, chifuwa chachikulu ndi chibayo. Muzu wa primrose uli ndi mphamvu ya diuretic ndi diaphoretic, ikhoza kupititsa kutsekemera kwa m'mimba, kuyambitsa kagayidwe ka maselo.
Pofuna kulimbitsa kayendedwe ka mantha, anthu a ku Germany amakoka maluwa owuma a primroses ndikumwa m'malo mwa tiyi. Ku England, masamba a primrose amadyedwa ngati saladi, ndipo mizu imagwiritsidwa ntchito mmalo mwa zonunkhira.
Poyambirira, zida za mizu zidagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza mowa ndi malungo, kupanga tiyi ndi zofukiza kuchokera ku dzuŵa. Lero, primrose yakula ngati zokongoletsa.
Kusamalira mbewu
Zipangizo zopangira nyumba zomwe zimayenera kuikidwa m'chipinda chozizira pawindo lowala, mu chipinda chabwino cha mpweya wabwino. Chomeracho chimafuna kuwala kochuluka, koma ziyenera kubisika ku dzuwa. Mawindo abwino a kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo. Chomeracho chikhoza kulekerera mthunzi, chimakula bwino pawindo la kumpoto.
Kwa mapiritsi, mpweya wabwino umakhala wofunikira kuchokera 12 mpaka 16 ° C panthawi ya maluwa (mu mkhalidwe umenewu, maluwawo adzakhalapo nthawi yayitali). Osati zoipa primrose maluwa mu unheated greenhouses kapena pakati pa mafelemu mafelemu.
Kuthirira zipinda za nyumbazi ziyenera kukhala zochepa, zowonjezereka panthawi ya maluwa (nthaka chinyezi chiyenera kukhala yunifolomu, koma kuchepa kwa madzi sikuyenera kuloledwa), madzi ofewa ofewa ndi kuyanika kwa gawo la pamwamba la gawolo, n'zosatheka kuthira masamba. Ndikofunika kuteteza ku madzi pakati pa masamba, ndikuyamba kukula. Madzi otsika amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino.
The primrose bwino kulekerera madzi pamwamba kuvala kuchokera yankho la zitosi mbalame pang'onopang'ono mlingo ndi kuika. Kudyetsa maluwa ndi kofunika mu June ndi kumapeto kwa August, poyamba - organic fertilizer, yachiwiri - ammonium nitrate (imodzi ndi hafu gr. Per 1 lita imodzi ya madzi).
Nthaka ya primrose imayenera kukhala yochepa kwambiri, yowonongeka (pH ya dongosolo la 6). Chomera chabwino kwambiri cha primrose chofewa ndi chotupa cha nthaka. Kusakaniza kwa michere kungakonzedwe kuchokera ku gawo loyamba la sod, magawo awiri a nthaka yoyamba ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga. Nthaka yosafunika ya acidic imafunika, choncho gawo limodzi la nthaka ya coniferous iyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku kusakaniza.
Kupatsa - mbeu zomwe zimafalitsidwa mothandizidwa ndi mbewu, zimatha kugawa tchire zakale, mizu yotuluka muzu.
Mbalame yotchedwa reverse-conical primrose iyenera kufesedwa mu April-May pamiphika pamwamba pa mchenga-nthaka yochepa ya 0,5 gr. mbewu mu mbale. Madzi akugwiritsa ntchito mfuti. Phizani mbewu ndi galasi ndi malo pawindo, kubisa mphukira kuchokera ku dzuwa. Ndikoyenera kukhalabe mkati mwa 18-20 ° C. Pambuyo masiku khumi, mphukira zidzawoneka. Mbande zazing'ono ziyenera kuponyedwa mobwerezabwereza, ndikubzala 9-cm. Mbale wa maluwa awiri kapena atatu. Kusakaniza kwa zakudya kungakonzedwe kuchokera kumbali imodzi ya zovuta, magawo awiri a wowonjezera kutentha padziko lapansi ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga. Pamene maluwa amakula nthawi ziwiri kapena katatu amasamutsidwa ku mbale zazikulu.
Mbewu za zomera zowonongeka zimatha kukula popanda kutengeka, kuzibzala nthawi yomweyo mu 13-cm. miphika ya mitengo iwiri kapena itatu, kuwonjezera pa kusakaniza kwa ndowe ya ng'ombe yakuda. Ndi njira iyi yakukula maluwa a primrose mu miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Mbalame yotchedwa soft-leaved primrose imafalikira ndi mbewu, zomwe zimapangidwa pambuyo pojambula maluwa maluwa ambiri. Mbewu ziyenera kufesedwa mu June-July mu miphika kapena mabokosi. Pambuyo masiku 30 mbande imayenera kuponyedwa miphika ndi malo odyera 3x4 masentimita, ndipo patadutsa masiku makumi atatu (30) akhoza kuziika mochuluka (mwachitsanzo, 8x8 cm). Mu October, muyenera kulowa 11-13-cm. miphika. Miyezi isanu ndi umodzi mutatha kufesa, maluwa oyambirira adzawonekera. Pa nthawi ya maluwa, mu nyumbayo iyenera kusungidwa kuyambira 10 mpaka 12 ° C. M'nyengo ya autumn ndi yozizira iyenera kuchepetsedwa kuchoka ku 8 mpaka 10 ° C.
Primrose ikhoza kufalitsidwa pogawanitsa chitsamba. Pamene chomera chikufalikira, mu Meyi chimayikidwa pamalo amdima kuti apumule mokakamizika. Maluwa ayenera kuthiriridwa kuti asalole kuyanika. Pamene zimayambira kukula, tchire tiyenera kugawidwa muzidutswa zingapo ndikuponyera mabokosi osasunthika komanso omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino. Mukamabzala simungathe kumiza zomera, nkofunika kuti rosette ikhale pamtunda. Pofuna kuteteza rooting yabwino, bokosilo liyenera kutsekedwa ndi galasi ndikuyikidwa pawindo lowala bwino. Kenaka mapuloteni ayenera kuikidwa m'mabotolo 9-cm, ndipo patatha mwezi umodzi - masentimita 13.
Pa nthawi ya kukula masiku khumi mpaka khumi ndi awiri, m'pofunikira kudyetsa zomera ndi ofooka njira (2 g pa 10 malita a madzi) a mchere feteleza, ndi kudula masamba akale.
Primrose ndi rosette imodzi ya masamba ndi mizu yofooketsa, yomwe zimakhala zovuta kugawa chitsamba, zimachulukitsidwa ndi mizu ya axillary. Pochita izi, pamunsi pa mizu ya mzuzi, m'pofunikira kupatulira tsamba la petiole ndi impso (kudula timapepala tating'ono) ndi gawo la mphukira, lizuke mumchenga wa mtsinje (coarse-grained), wokhala ndi masentimita 2 pa gawo lapansi la nthaka kapena peaty. Cuttings ayenera kubzalidwa pansi kutsamira, impso mmwamba kuti akuya masentimita 1.
Kuti tizidulidwe tizikazulidwa, ziyenera kuikidwa mu chipinda chowala ndi t ° kuyambira 16 mpaka 18 ° C, mchenga umakanizika moyenera ndipo musaiwale kupopera. Pambuyo pa miyezi itatu, masamba ndi masamba 3-4 adzakula kuchokera mu impso, zomwe zimafunika kuti zibzalidwe 7-9 masentimita. mbale. Dziko lapansi limasakanizidwa ndi lokhazikika (magawo anayi), humus (magawo awiri) ndi gawo limodzi la mchenga. Adzaphuka patapita miyezi 5-6.
Mavuto akukula
Ngati pali chinyezi chochuluka, pangakhale kugonjetsedwa ndi kuvunda kofiira.
Ngati thambo liri lalikulu kwambiri, mpweya uli wouma, pali phokoso la chinyezi, ngati madzi amwetsa madzi zomera, ndi kuti feteleza zikhale zowonjezera, ndiye masambawo akhoza kutembenukira chikasu ndipo mizu imasanduka bulauni.
Ngati mpweya uli m'chipinda ndi wouma komanso wotentha, ndiye kuti maluwa amatha msanga.
Mukayikidwa pamalo otentha ndi owuma, pangakhale kuvulala kwa nsabwe za m'masamba ndi kangaude.