Cataract ndi matenda omwe amawonekera kwambiri ukalamba. Pulogalamu yamatenda imayikidwa m'kati mwa lens (kumbukirani kuti lens ndi "galasi" laling'ono la mamita 12 mm m'lifupi ndi 5 mm wakuda kumbuyo kwa mbali ya diso.) Timafunikira lens kuti tipeze zowonjezera pa chithunzichi pa retina. Apatseni chilumini, choyambirira ndi chachiwiri glaucoma. Zizindikiro za matendawa zimachulukitsidwa kwambiri ndi intraocular, kuchepa kwa masomphenya, kusokonezeka kwa mitsempha ya optic, kusokonezeka kwa kutuluka kwa thupi komanso kulowera kwa madzi. Odwala ambiri amadandaula chifukwa cha mutu. Njira zowonongeka mu retina ndi choroid (dystrophy ya retina) zimayambitsidwa ndi makulidwe a mitsempha ya m'magazi. Kudyetsa retina m'madera omwe amachititsa kuwala kumasokonezeka. Kutaya thupi kotsika kwa thupi kumayambitsa kuthetsa kwathunthu kwa masomphenya.
Maso abwino ndi chitsimikizo cha thanzi, kotero, kuti asunge ntchito zowonongeka, anthu ali ndi zamasamba, zipatso, nsomba. Kaloti, kabichi, sipinachi, malalanje (gwero la antioxidants) ndi nsomba zonenepa (gwero la omega-3 fatty acids) ndi mankhwala a matenda a maso. Journal ya American Medical Association inachititsa phunziro. Zinaoneka kuti anthu amene adatenga mankhwala olemera mu beta-carotene, zinki, mavitamini C ndi E, mlingo wa chitukuko cha retinstrophy inachepera ndi 35%. Kugwiritsa ntchito nsomba zamodzi kamodzi pamlungu kumachepetsa msinkhu wa chitukuko cha kuchepa kwa retinal ndi 70%. M'magazini ya American Journal of Epidemiology, lipoti lofunsira odwala 4,000 linafalitsidwa: pakati pa amayi omwe nthawi zambiri ankadya tuna ndi nsomba, chiopsezo cha nthendayi chinachepa ndi 15%.
Kuwona maso
Mkate Wofiira ndi shuga - Zakudya zomwe zili ndi glycemia (shuga wa magazi) zimathandizira kuti chitukuko cha retinal chimayambike. Zogulitsa zoterezi zimachepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi, yomwe ingatsogolere, malingana ndi asayansi, ku chitukuko cha matenda a maso. M'malo mwake, maso abwino - chikole cha thanzi chimathandiza kuti mavitamini, ndiwo zamasamba ndi zipatso azigwiritsa ntchito.
Antioxidants
Polimbana ndi matenda a maso, udindo wa antioxidants, womwe umagwirizanitsa maselo owonongeka ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, ndi wabwino. Dzuwa lolimbikitsana limalimbikitsa chitukuko cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo m'magazi a magazi, kuwononga mitsempha yambiri ya magazi yomwe ikugwirizana ndi diso. Antioxidants amachititsa kuti anthu asamagwiritsidwe ntchito mopanda malire.
Kuphunzitsa thupi
Ntchito zamasewera, kuchepetsa kulemera kwakukulu kumachepetsa msinkhu wa chitukuko cha retinstrophy. Kulowera masewera olimbitsa thupi kumachepetsa kupititsa patsogolo magulu a glaucoma kuthandiza kuchepetsa kupanikizika kwa m'mimba. Ngakhale mutakhala ndi matenda a shuga, masewera angakuthandizeni kuchepetsa matenda omwe tatchulawa. Kwa anthu, chiwerengero cha thupi (Kettle index) choposa ma unit 25, chiopsezo chokhala ndi matenda a retinthrophy ndi kawiri kawiri a iwo omwe ali ndi chizolowezi. Pitani ku masewera olimbitsa thupi katatu pa sabata, ndipo msinkhu wa chitukuko cha matenda a maso udzatsika ndi 25%. Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti matenda onse opatsirana, mwamsanga kapena mtsogolo, angapangitse kudwala matenda a retinstrophy.
Kutha kwathunthu kwa kusuta
Kusuta ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a retinal dystrophy. Zoizoni zomwe zili mu ndudu zingachepetse kuthamanga kwa magazi ndipo zimapangitsa kuti chitukuko cha magazi chizikulirakulira mkati mwa mawotchi a maso, komanso kumawonetsanso zida zowonjezera. Mankhwala omwe ali mu utsi amawononga zitsulo za retinal, kuzichepetsa. Ndipo izi zimapangitsa kuti thupi liziyenda bwino.
Kusamalira mosamala makilogalamu othandizira
Kuwonongeka kulikonse kwa makaleni anu amachititsa kufalikira kwa mabakiteriya, omwe, kugwera mu diso losakhwima la diso, akhoza kuwononga cornea ndi kuyambitsa matenda ake a fungal. Mafangasi amawononga minofu yowonongeka, zomwe zimayambitsa kutupa, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuzilamulira. Njira yotupa ikhoza kutsogolera kutaya kwathunthu kwa masomphenya. Kuti muteteze maso anu, nthawi zonse musambe m'manja musanayambe kuvala malonda. Nthawi zonse gwiritsani ntchito lens yoyesera kutsuka madzi. Musagwiritsire ntchito madzi kwa lenses omwe atha nthawi yaitali yosungirako moyo wawo woyambirira.
Kufunsana nthawi zonse ndi ophthalmologist
Kuyambira ali ndi zaka 35, yang'anani maso anu ndi ophthalmologist zaka 2-4 (patapita zaka 65 - 2 pa chaka). Dokotala akuyenera kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala ndalama ndi kukakamizidwa, kukhazikitsa kukonza kolondola ndi kulemba magalasi (ngati masomphenya akuchepa, ndikofunikira kuti mutenge magalasi). Samalani dokotala, ngati wina m'banja mwanu akudwala matenda a maso, makamaka glaucoma, kaya pali banja la anthu ashuga. Zonsezi zimachitika pofuna kupewa ngozi yoyamba ya matenda a maso.
Gwiritsani ntchito madontho a maso
Palibe vuto kuti musataye madontho a maso omwe adokotala amauza ngati akudwala matenda opatsirana kapena maso. Komabe, ngati cholinga chanu ndikutseketsa maso anu owuma kapena "kuwatsitsimutsa" atagona usiku, mugwiritseni ntchito madontho pogwiritsa ntchito zolemba zachilengedwe. Pewani kudzipangira nokha mankhwala omwe akuthandizani kuti mukhale ofiira maso. Amathetsa ubweya wautali kwa kanthaŵi kochepa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mitsempha ya magazi. Mwamsanga pamene madontho a madontho atha, zitsulo zidzakula ndipo maso adzasanduka ofiira.
Magalasi a dzuwa
Kuvala magalasi a magalasi ngakhale nyengo yamvula ndi chitetezo chabwino ku matenda a maso. Ndipo mwamsanga mutatsatira lamulo ili, ndibwino. Mwa kutsegula maso anu kutsegula dzuwa, inu katatu mumakulitsa chiopsezo cha nthenda poyerekeza ndi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito magalasi. Mukamawagula, samalani kuti amakutetezeni ku mafunde afupipafupi komanso aatali (ultrasound). Mazira a chiwonetsero A amalowa mkati mwa khungu, amaletsa chinyezi, amachepetsa kutsika komanso amachititsa maonekedwe a makwinya.