Oimira oterewa, omwe amawunikira nthawi zonse, amakhala pansi, ali ndi phokoso lakuya, thumba lopangidwa ndi tuber-like (lopangika). Thunthu lawo liri ndi zipsera za masamba osagwa. Mitengo yosakhala yandiweyani, ngati nthenga, siyinanso, imakula pa nthawi zosiyana, mwachitsanzo, imodzi imawonekera. Nthanga yomwe ili yosalala pamwamba kapena minga yaing'ono. Masamba ndi owopsya, olimba, otchinga kapena oval mawonekedwe. Pansi pa masambawo amagawidwa m'magawo awiri - opapatiza ndi ophwanyika, m'mphepete ndi gawo limodzi kapena ndi mankhwala. Nthaŵi zambiri pali masamba, momwe mitsempha yofanana ikuonekera kuchokera pansipa.
Mu chomera choterechi, chiwalo chobereka (strobila) chimafanana ndi timagulu ta zomera za coniferous. Poyandikira chitukuko chonse, amapanga rosettes ndi megastrobils (abambo azimayi) pakati pa masamba, omwe ali ndi magulu a corymboid sporophylls, mwa kuyankhula kwina, masamba ndi spores, omwe ma ovules awiri ali pansi pa zowopsya, ndipo oimira amuna amapanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Zamia amadziwikanso ngati kanyumba. Zofala kwambiri Zamia furfuracea, zofanana ndi mtengo wamanja.
Mitundu.
Zamia roezli Regel, wotchedwanso zamia pseudo-parasitic. Amagawidwa m'madera otentha a ku Peru, Ecuador, Panama ndi Colombia. Amamera pamtengo (monga epiphyte) ndi pansi. Kutalika kwa thunthu kumafika mamita atatu. Kutalika kwa akulu akulu ndi mamita awiri, pali minga pa petiole. Masamba aang'ono omwe ali ndi masambawa amakhala ndi masentimita 30 mpaka 40, ndipo amakhala ndi masentimita awiri mpaka 3.5 mmunsi mwa masamba, mitsempha yambiri imapezeka.
Zamia furfuracea L. f., Zina mwazoya zowonjezera. Dziko lachilengedwe la Veracruz ndi Mexico. Chomera chodziwikiratu chimene chimakhala chofala pakati pa okonda zomera m'munda osati ku Amerika, koma ngakhale kummawa ndi kum'maŵa kwa Asia, monga Japan, Singapore ndi Thailand. Thunthu la chomerachi popanda tsinde, lofanana ndi mpiru, limabisika pafupifupi pansi ponse ndipo lili ndi rosette yomwe imakhala ndi maluwa okongola kwambiri a nthenga zamphongo, kuyambira 50 mpaka 150 masentimita yaitali, imakhala yofiirira. Nthawi zambiri, thunthu la zomera zakale limatha kukwera masentimita makumi awiri pamwamba pa nthaka.
Masamba khumi ndi awiri kapena khumi ndi atatu a masamba ali ndi mawonekedwe oblong kapena mazira. Masambawa ndi amtengo wapatali, omwe ali ndi mitsempha yofanana yomwe imapezeka m'magulu achikulire ochokera m'munsimu, ndipo achinyamata pambali zonse zomwe zimakhala moyandikana ndi mamba oyera amapezeka bwino.
Malamulo osamalira.
Maloya a maluwa amatha kusunga bwino dzuwa, koma osawasiya pamadzulo masana, muyenera kuwapanga mthunzi. Chomerachi chikhoza kukhala kumbali yakumwera, komanso kumadzulo ndi kumadzulo. Kumalo a kumpoto, pali kusowa kwa kuwala kwa kukula. Ngakhale kuti Zamia amakonda kuunika, ndi kofunika kuti pang'onopang'ono zizolowezi zowoneka dzuwa, chifukwa chomeracho chikhoza kutenthedwa. Theyuyu ayenera nthawi zonse kuyika mbali zosiyana ndi kuwala, kotero kuti timadzi timene timapanga masamba timapanga mofanana, ndipo chomera chokongola chikukula.
M'nyengo yozizira ndi yamasika imakhala pafupifupi 25-28 ° C. M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha kwa zomwe zilipo ziyenera kukhala zochepa, pafupi 14-17 ° C. Zamia ndi maluwa omwe salola kulephera kwa mpweya wozungulira.
Pakati pa nyengo yamasika, madzi okwanira ochulukirapo ndi madzi oima amachitika, malinga ndi kuyanika kochepa kwa nthaka yosanjikiza. Poyamba m'nyengo yophukira, kuthirira kuchepetsedwa, makamaka pokhutira. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kumachitika nthawi ndi nthawi, musalole kuti zonse zikhale zowuma ndi kuyanika kwa dziko lapansi.
Pamene zamia zimasungidwa m'nyumba, palibe mpweya wambiri wa mpweya umene umayenera, chomeracho chimapangitsa mpweya wouma bwino. M'nyengo yotentha ya kasupe ndi chilimwe, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumaloledwa. Madzi ayenera kukhala ofewa komanso kutentha.
Mu kasupe ndi chilimwe, mavitamini a jerry ndi ofunika, masiku 21-28 aliwonse. Pachifukwa ichi, feteleza ovuta kumagwiritsa ntchito zomera za m'nyumba. Poyamba m'nyengo ya m'dzinja, kudyetsa kudyetsa, ndipo m'nyengo yozizira kumathetsedwa kwathunthu.
Kukula kwazomera, ngati n'koyenera, kumachitika kumapeto kwa chilimwe, makamaka kumayambiriro kwa kukula kwake kwatsopano. Maluwa amaya ayenera kukhala ndi nthaka yowonjezera, osakanikirana, yomwe imakhala ndi humus, peat, turf, mchenga ndi granite wabwino kuchokera ku granite. Pansi pa mphika ayenera kuperekedwa ndi ngalande.
Kuchulukitsa zamia, mbewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mpaka theka la kukula kwa mbewu, mu chisakanizo, cha kuunika kwake, kupereka kutentha ndi chinyezi. Mwamsanga pamene mizu yoyamba ikuwonekera, imayikidwa pang'onopang'ono m'miphika yosiyana, mphukira imodzi.
Zosatheka zovuta.
M'nyengo ya chilimwe, pamene dzuŵa limalowa dzuwa, masamba amatha kutentha kuchokera ku kuwala kwakukulu.
Zamiya akukula pang'ono. Nthawi zina ngakhale kwa zaka zingapo mmerawo ulibe mphukira zatsopano.
Kuthirira kumayenera kuchitidwa mosamala, popeza kuti chinyezi chamtundu wambiri chingawononge matenda a mbewu.
Dulani maluwa omwe ali mkatimo akhoza kuwononga tizilombo monga kangaude ndi nkhanambo.