Violets amakhoza kusamba pafupifupi chaka, ndipo chifukwa cha ichi amafunikira kuthirira madzi okhazikika komanso pang'ono (ndicho chifukwa chake amaikidwa bwino ku khitchini!). Zowonjezeranso zophweka zothandiza kusamalira violets kusonkhanitsidwa.
Mavuto otentha
Kutentha kwa tsiku kwabwino kwambiri kwa maluwa a maluwa, ngati mukufuna kuti iwo asangalale ndikukondweretseni nthawi yaitali, ndi 20 - 24 ° C. Ngati kutentha kuli kolimba 20 ° C - maluwa adzakhala aakulu ndipo adzakhala nthawi yaitali. Kwa zomera zazing'ono, kutentha kwakukulu ndikumwamba kwambiri: 23 - 24 ° C. Zida zotere zimakhala zolimba kwambiri, zimatha kupirira kutentha kwachisanu kufika 10 - 5 ° C. Pankhaniyi, amachepetsa kukula kwawo. M'chilimwe, kutentha kutakwera kufika 30 ° C kapena kupitirira, violets amasiya kufalikira.
Mu kutentha, musazengereze violets ndi maluwa (iwo akugwirabe ntchito moipa). Ndikofunika kuchotsa peduncles, kuthirira chomera madzulo, kuwonjezera chinyezi cha chipinda. Madzulo, mukhoza kutulutsa masamba kuchokera ku pulverizer. Kwa violets, kusintha kwadzidzidzi kutentha ndi koopsa. Kukula kwa chilengedwe cha violets, kusiyana kwa pafupifupi 2-3 ° C pakati pa usana ndi usiku n'kofunika.
Kuunikira
Dziko lakwawo la violets ndi nkhalango ya nkhalango. Kumeneko sapeza kuwala kwa dzuwa, koma pali miyezi yambiri yobalalika. Violets ayenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa. Ndi bwino kuti musamakule m'mawindo akumwera.
Powonongeka kwambiri, masamba a violet adzagwada pansi, adzawunikira ndi kutembenukira chikasu, kenako adzatulutsa chikasu chachikasu konse. Masamba aang'ono ali opunduka, zochepa zimayambira, zimabisala m'masamba, maluwa amatha, mwamsanga amawotha. Kutentha kumawonekera pa masamba (mawanga a bulauni).
Chifukwa chopanda kuwala, timadontho timakhala tambirimbiri, masamba amatambasula mmwamba, amataya kuwala, amawoneka ofooka, timadontho timatuluka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mitengo yokha imasiya kuphulika.
Poonetsetsa kuti tchire sali opunduka ndikukhala mofanana, miphika imafunika kusinthasintha nthawi ndi nthawi - izi ndi zofunika kwambiri posamalira mitunduyi. Violets amafunika kutsukidwa nthawi zonse kuchokera ku fumbi ndi burashi yofewa ndipo nthawi zina amasamba. Mafunde otentha omwe ali ndi masamba obiriwira amafunika kuwunikira kwambiri kuposa ma violets omwe ali ndi masamba owala.
Chinyezi
Violets amachokera ku equatorial regions of Africa, kumene amamera pafupi ndi madzi. Chinyezi m'madera amenewa chifikira 60-70%. Zikatero, maluwawo amakhala aakulu, owala, ndi pachimake kwambiri.
M'nyumba zogona zimakhala zosachepera 30-40%, ndipo nyengo yotentha imakhala yochepa. Nthawi zambiri ziphuphu zimayikidwa ku khitchini, kumene kutentha ndi mvula zimakhala zosavuta kuposa nyumbayo. Mukhoza kuika miphika ndi violets mu pallets ndi dothi kapena sphagnum, wodzazidwa ndi madzi awiri / 3.
Mukhoza kutulutsa chinyezi mwa kupopera mbewu, koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti masamba omwe samasangalala akakhala ndi madontho a madzi - izi zingawonongeke. Choncho, ndi bwino kulenga nkhungu yonyowa mozungulira mbeu. Kuti muchite izi, mabotolo abwino kwambiri kuchokera ku utsi - amapanga madontho ang'onoang'ono kusiyana ndi zomera zowonjezera.
Kuonjezera chinyezi kuzungulira petiole petioles aang'ono baka, n'zotheka kulenga nkhunda, popeza popanda mkulu chinyezi dziko lapansi lidzauma mofulumira, lomwe limapweteka ofooka achinyamata mizu. Mnyamatayo ndi woyenera polyethylene, tini, botolo la pulasitiki kapena zida zina zowonekera. Ndikofunika kufufuza kuchepa kwa madontho mkati mwa abambo, pamene akuwoneka, mwanayo ayenera kukhala mpweya wokwanira.
Pamene mpweya uli wouma kwambiri, nsonga za masamba zimapotoka ndi kutembenuka chikasu, maluwawo amafota popanda kukhala ndi gawo loyambirira la chitukuko. Ngati chinyezi chikukwera kwambiri, matenda a fungal akhoza kuchitika mu rosettes ndi mizu ya zomera, chifukwa chakuti njira yofunikira yotuluka m'mamasamba imasiya, makamaka ngati palibe mpweya watsopano. Kamodzi pa mwezi, masamba a violets amatha kutsukidwa pansi pa madzi otentha, kuchotsa pfumbi ndi brush kapena burashi yofewa. Pambuyo kusamba mmera ayenera kukhala wouma, kutetezera kuchokera ku pulayimale ndipo popanda kuwonetsera dzuwa lotseguka.
Feteleza
Ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza zovuta. Mlingo womwe umasonyezedwa pa phukusi la violets ayenera kuchepetsedwa ndi theka. Musapitirire mlingo uliwonse. M'pofunika kutsatira ndondomeko yovomerezeka ya nyengo mu mlingo nthawi 2-3 m'nyengo yozizira. Ngati nthaka yowuma kwambiri, ndi bwino kuthirira mbewuyi maola awiri musanawonjeze feteleza. Kavalidwe kabwino kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri kawiri,
Kuthirira
Kuthetsa madzi otsekemera bwino nthawi zonse, oyenerera madzi awa, popanda kuyanika nthaka, koma osati kutsogolo kwa madzi. Madzi sayenera kugwera mu kukula (pakati) pa chomera. Kuwonongeka kwa kukula kwake kungapangitse kuwonongeka kwa chitsamba chonse. Makamaka izi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa violets achinyamata. Mankhwala akuluakulu ayenera kuthiriridwa pamene dothi la pamwamba liuma. Achinyamata amawombera kawirikawiri nthawi zambiri.
Muyenera kuthirira ma violets nthawi zonse panthawi imodzimodzi (kuganizira kuyamba kwa tsiku lowala ndi nyengo). M'chaka ndi chilimwe, ma violets ayenera kuthiriridwa m'mawa, komanso nthawi yachisanu-yozizira - madzulo. Njira yothirira iyenera kusankhidwa payekha. Palibe ndondomeko yowonjezera. Madzi ayenera kukhala madzi, osachepera masiku 2-3 mu mbale yotseguka ya nyengo chlorine. Kutentha kwa madzi kuli bwino kusankha malo kapena apamwamba pang'ono.
Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zowetsera madzi: Ambiri amalimbikitsidwa kuti azitha madzi kuchokera pamwamba, koma muyenera kumwa madzi ochepa kwambiri pamphepete mwa mphika. Ndikofunika kuwonera, kuti madzi sanafike pang'onopang'ono ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono. Kuthirira kumayimitsidwa pamene madzi atuluka mu saucer.
Kuthirira kuchokera pansi n'kosavuta, koma tiyenera kukumbukira kuti muyenera kutsanulira madzi ochuluka monga momwe nthaka ingathere. Madzi ochuluka amatsanulira ku saucer mu theka la ora.
Kuthira kwachitsulo kwa maluwa amkati ndikutenga dzenje mumphika wa nsalu, yomwe ili ndi mapeto ena amatsitsimula mu chidebe cha madzi chomwe chimayikidwapo mphika wa zomera. Pankhaniyi, mphika sayenera kugwira pamwamba pa madzi. Madzi amanyamuka chifukwa cha mphamvu ya capillary.
Ndi kuthirira mowa kwambiri, nthaka nayonso imatha. Pachifukwa ichi, mawanga amatha kumawoneka pamasamba, masambawo akhoza kugwa, mizu imakhala mdima ndikufa chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mpweya. Palifunika kusamalidwa mwapadera maluwa amkati - ma violets amachiritsidwa bwino ndi njira yochepa ya potaziyamu permanganate kapena m'malo mwa nthaka.
Pothirira madzi okwanira, nthaka imauma, imayika kumbuyo kwa mphika. Mtundu woterewu uyenera kuikidwa mu chidebe cha madzi, mpaka nthaka idzaza ndi chinyezi. Mukamwetsa madzi ovuta kwambiri pamtunda, mchere wambiri ukhoza kupanga. Pachifukwa ichi, dothi la pamwamba liyenera kusinthidwa.
Ngati malangizowa akuwoneka ovuta kwambiri kwa inu, musataye mtima. Simuyenera kuchita chilichonse! Chinthu chachikulu ndichokwaniritsa zofunikira ndikuyang'anitsitsa zomera. Pamapeto pake, ma violets akukula - zikutanthauza kuti mungathe!