Kodi ndi zofukufuku ziti zomwe zimafunika kuti mutetezeke kwambiri? Ngati tikulankhula za mass prophylaxis, ndiye choyamba, muyenera kuyeza magazi nthawi zonse. Palibe zowonongeka zokhazokha: ngati kukakamizika kuli kovuta ndipo sikusokoneza - mukhoza kuyesa nthawi ndi nthawi, ngati kukakamizidwa kumasinthasintha - ndiye, mwachibadwa, kawirikawiri. Tsopano zipangizozi - tanometers - zimagulitsidwa momasuka. Wachiwiri ndikuthamanga kwa mtima (pulse). Mu munthu wathanzi, kutentha sikuyenera kupitirira 70-75 kugunda pamphindi (pumulo). Ngati chizindikiro ichi chiri chapamwamba, muyenera kumvetsa, dziwani chifukwa. Ndikofunikanso kuti kutentha kwa mtima kukhale yunifolomu. Ngati pali zosokoneza, iyi ndi nthawi yoyendera dokotala. Chachitatu ndi mlingo wa cholesterol. Kuwerenga kosavuta kukuthandizani kudziwa momwe mlingo wa mafuta umakhudzira. Ngati zosavuta - zimakhala ndi magawo awiri. Yoyamba ndi yotsika kwambiri lipoproteins, chomwe chimatchedwa "choipa" cholesterol. Yachiwiri ndi yapamwamba kwambiri ya lipoproteins ("zabwino" cholesterol).
Popeza kuti cholesterol "chabwino" n'chokhazikika, ngati cholesterol chokwanira chimawuka, zimakhala chifukwa cha "cholesterol" choipa. Kuphunzira molondola kumathandiza kudziwa chomwe chimatchedwa "katatu": magawo awiri a cholesterol ndi triglycerides. Kuwonjezera apo, ndikofunika kuteteza kulemera kwa thupi ndikuyesa chiuno chapafupi. Pano zizindikiro izi zimakhazikitsidwa kuti apange chithunzi chachikulu cha thanzi labwino. Ponena za mlingo wa shuga m'magazi, choyamba, anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo cha matenda a shuga: ndi kulemera kwaumphawi, ndi kulemera kwambiri kwa thupi kapena kunenepa kwambiri, ayenera kuwatsatira. Komanso pankhani ya maonekedwe a matenda a mtima - popeza matenda a mtima (CVD) nthawi zambiri amakhala ophwanyidwa ndi kagayidwe kamagawu. Ndipo, pakufunikira, ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa mitundu ya mayeso odziteteza: pali pulogalamu yambiri yofufuza zachipatala ndi mitundu yowerengera yomwe iyenera kuchitika pazinthu zina. Kuphatikiza apo, amai amafunika kufufuzidwa kawirikawiri ndi azimayi, kuti aone momwe matenda a mammary amachitira. Vuto lalikulu la kafukufuku wamankhwala, lingaliro langa, ndilo kuti ngati kusintha kulikonse kwa thupi kumawonekera, koma palibe matenda omwe akuwonekera, ndiye palibe ndondomeko yowonjezera ya zochitika zina. Ndipo, ndithudi, malo a munthuyo ndi ofunika kwambiri - ngati sakusonyeza chidwi, samasamalira thanzi lake, ndiye palibe madokotala omwe angathandize.
Mitundu yambiri yofunikira yopenda anthu "kuchokera mumsewu" kawirikawiri sungathe kulowa polyclinic pamalo omwe amakhala (palibe akatswiri, zida zogwiritsira ntchito kuti alembetse kwaulere akatswiri angapo, mwachitsanzo, muyenera kuyembekezerani kwa mwezi umodzi ...) Bwanji ngati palibe njira yogula ndondomeko ya VHI? Maphunzirowa akhoza kuchitika kuchipatala chokhazikika, ndi zophweka komanso zotsika mtengo. Ndipo ngati mukukana kuyesayesa kwaulere kwapamwamba (ultrasound kapena MRI)? Chifukwa, monga momwe chiwonetsero chimasonyezera, kulipira malipiro omwe mungathe kupitako osachepera tsopano, koma kwaulere ... polemba, patatha masabata ambiri akudikira? Mafufuzidwe oyenera ayenera kudziwidwa ndi dokotala. Simungangopempha kuti mukhale ndi ultrasound kapena tomography kwaulere - awa ndiwo mitundu ya mtengo wapatali yofufuza. Koma ngati dokotala atapeza kusintha kulikonse, matenda, ndiye, malinga ndi lamulo, muyenera kupeza kafukufuku wotere kwaulere, chinthu china ndi chakuti, mwinamwake, sizidzachitidwa nthawi yomweyo ... Kulikonse m'njira zosiyanasiyana - zonse zimadalira zipangizo ndi zikhalidwe mu chipatala cha zamankhwala. Tsopano Utumiki wa Zaumoyo ukuyesera kuthetsa mavuto ngati amenewa - chifukwa chaichi Zopangira Zaumoyo zapangidwa ndikupitiriza kulengedwa. Cholinga chawo ndi kuwonetsetsa njira zowononga, kuzindikiritsa zowononga kuti zisachitike. Malo oterowo a thanzi amapangidwira pazinthu zogwirira ntchito m'mabungwe azachipatala - ndi zipatala, malo opewera, masewera a masewera, ndi zina. Lingaliro ndilobwino - kulabadira anthu omwe sali odwala pano, koma pali zinthu zomwe zilipo zoopsa. Ndi anthu odwala onse amaonekera - ayenera kuchiritsidwa. Koma ngati munthu ali pachiopsezo, alipo anthu ambiri oterewa, adzalumikizidwa kuzipatala.
Momwe mungakwaniritsire anthu achinyamata, omwe akutha msinkhu pakufunika kolepheretsa? Pali zinthu ziwiri zofunika: poyamba, maphunziro, kuzindikira, komanso, chikhumbo cha munthu mwiniyo. Ndipo kachiwiri, kupanga zinthu zofunika kuti tipeze moyo wathanzi kunali kosavuta. Kuti tisayesetse moyo wabwino, pamene tikulimbana ndi zokolola. Ndipo zothandiza izi, mwachitsanzo, kupita kuntchito pa njinga, zinakwaniritsidwanso - mumzinda wa Yurope muli njira zenizeni za izi, ndipo mumzinda wa Moscow mukhoza kukwera njinga? Pambuyo pa Sklifosovsky Institute, kupatula ... Koma tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti kupewa kumafuna nthawi yaitali ndipo kubwerako sikukhala posachedwa. Mwachitsanzo, anthu a ku America atenga kale prophylaxis kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1950, ndipo chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amwalira chimafa patatha zaka 20 zokha. Chifukwa chake, tikuyembekeza kuti chifukwa cha zathanzi tidzasintha chinachake mawa, sizingagwire ntchito. Koma zambiri - kwambiri! - zimadalira tokha, pa njira yathu ya moyo.
Kotero, kodi nzoona kuti njira ya moyo imakhudza thanzi lathu koposa chibadwidwe? Zoonadi, umphawi umakhala ndi gawo, komabe, kuchuluka kwa matenda a mtima, omwe akukhala mliri wa nthawi yathu, kumadalira njira ya moyo. Mwachitsanzo, tikhoza kutchula mfundo zotsatirazi: Anthu a ku Japan ali ndi chiwerengero chochepa cha kufa kwa matenda a mtima, popeza amadya nsomba, nsomba, ndi zina zotero. Koma pamene a ku Japan amasamukira ku US, pakapita kanthawi amayamba kudwala - nkufa, monga Achimereka. Kapena Italiya - omwe amakhala pamphepete mwa nyanja ndikugwiritsanso ntchito zakudya za Mediterranean, kufa kwapakati pa CVD ndi kochepa kwambiri. Koma anthu a ku Italy omwe anasamukira ku United States akukumana nawo ndi azimayi achimuna mu zizindikiro izi. Ndipo ngakhale mwa anthu omwe ali ndi choloŵa choloŵa cholowa kwa izi kapena matenda ena, ngati atitsogolere, monga momwe timanenera, moyo wathanzi, mwinamwake kuti pulogalamu ya cholowa imayendetsedwa ndi yaying'ono kwambiri. Thanzi laumunthu lonse likukhazikitsidwa pa zipilala zitatu. Choyamba ndi zakudya zomveka bwino, ndiko kuti, kalori wokhutira, zomwe zimagwirizana ndi ndalama zamagetsi. Kodi mungadziwe bwanji ngati mukudya bwino?
Muyenera kutenga sentimita ndikuyesa chiuno cha m'chiuno. Ngati ikuwonjezereka - munthu wafika pa masentimita 102, mkazi amakhala ndi masentimita 88, ndiye ichi ndi chizindikiro cha kutchedwa kunenepa kwa m'mimba, pamene mafuta amasungidwa m'mimba, ndipo izi ndizovuta kwambiri, chiopsezo cha CVD ndi shuga. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kuchepetsa caloriki kapena kuwonjezera ntchitoyi. Kuonjezerapo, zakudyazi ziyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi masamba a masamba, ndipo muyenera kudya masamba ndi zipatso zambiri. WHO imalimbikitsa 400 g tsiku lililonse. Nsomba zothandiza kwambiri, mukhoza kudya mafuta a masamba, koma musaiwale kuti izi ndi mafuta. "Nsomba" yachiwiri ndizochita zolimbitsa thupi. Kodi ndikutanthawuza chiyani ndi mawu oti "wololera"? Ziribe kanthu kaya ndi zochitika zotani zomwe zimapangitsa kukhalabe ndi thanzi labwino. Zimatha kuthamanga, kukumba m'munda, zimatha kusambira, zizindikiro zowononga - chinthu chachikulu ndi chakuti munthu ali wotanganidwa, koma moyenera.
Kawirikawiri, amakhulupirira kuti kusunga thanzi la munthu kumachitika pa tsiku la zikwi khumi - kuyambira 3 mpaka 5 km. Nthawi zina ndimalangiza, ndikuyankha funsoli "momwe ndingakulitsire zochitika zolimbitsa thupi?", - kupeza galu, ndi bwino kwambiri. Kawiri pa tsiku muyenera kuthamanga makilomita angapo - izo zidzachita. Ndipo zowonjezera, pokamba za kuyeserera mwakuthupi, nkofunikira kusunga mfundo ya kuchepa. Kodi mungadziwe bwanji kuti katunduyo ndi wabwino kwa inu? Chofunika chachikulu ndi kukhalapo bwino? Inde, ndipo chiwerengero chachiwiri ndikuthamanga kwa mtima. Kwa m'badwo uliwonse pamakhala kuchuluka kwa mtima. Izi zikuwerengedwera, ngati simukupita kuzinthu, motere: kuchokera m'badwo wa 220 akuchotsedwa. Ngati munthu ali ndi zaka 50: 220 - 50 - katundu wake wamtunduwu amapezeka - zilonda 170 pamphindi. Koma musadandaule pamsinkhu - mulingo woyenera kwambiri ndi 60-70% pa chiwerengero chachikulu cha mtima. Ndipo mu nyimboyi muyenera kuchita 20-30 mphindi 3 pa sabata, koma mungathe kusunga tsiku lililonse. Ndipo "nsomba" yachitatu ndi kukana kwathunthu kusuta. Ngati nthawi zina timanena za mowa zomwe zing'onozing'ono - galasi la vinyo - zimachepetsa kukula kwa matenda a atherosclerosis, ndiye palibe zizindikiro zotere za kusuta fodya. Nazi mfundo zitatu zomwe munthu wamba ayenera kuziwona kuti akhale ndi thanzi labwino. Ndipo sizikusowa ndalama zapadera - zokha ndi chifuniro cha munthu mwiniyo.
Pezani kafukufuku wodalirika nthawi zonse
Kufufuza mosamala kungapangitse onse kugwira ntchito, kuphatikizapo omwe amapita ku penshoni komanso achinyamata omwe ali ndi HIV (yovomerezeka inshuwalansi).