Koma, potsiriza, izo zinachitika! Kuyezetsa mimba kumakhala kolimbikitsa, monga momwe zikuwonetsedwera mabala awiri omwe akuyembekezera nthawi yaitali. Izi zikutanthauza kuti posachedwa mudzakhala mayi wa munthu wokwera mtengo kwambiri padziko lapansi. Komabe, madokotala sali okondweretsa. Kodi mantha awo ndi olondola motani?
OFF, DOUBT!
Ngakhale kuti pali zoopsa zina zomwe mwinamwake mukuchita mantha ndi zokambirana za amayi, akatswiri amanena kuti mwayi wobala ndi kubereka mwana wathanzi mzimayi wachikulire yemwe akuyang'ana thanzi lake ndi la mayi wamng'ono. Kupanga mosamala za mimba, zakudya zoyenera, moyo wathanzi, komanso kukhala ndi maganizo oyenera pa zotsatira zabwino za kubadwa kudzakuthandizani kubereka mwana wamphamvu, wathanzi. Muzitsulo zamankhwala zamakono, pali njira zomwe zimakulolani kuti muwone mmene mwanayo amachitira m'mayambiriro oyambirira a mimba, ndipo ngati kuli kotheka, pangani kusintha. Genetics siimaima. Asayansi akuphunzira njira zokopa zamoyo za thupi komanso ngakhale maonekedwe a "ukalamba".
KODI CHINJONJEZO CHIYANI?
Pakupita kwa zaka, zotupa zimatayika m'matumbo, ndipo patapita zaka makumi atatu ziwalo zoberekera sizili zogwiritsidwa ntchito ngati makumi awiri.
Kuwonongeka kwa thupi kumapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta za kubadwa (kupweteka ndi mavuto). Gestosis (maonekedwe a edema, kuthamanga kwa magazi) ndi "wokondedwa" wokhazikika kwambiri wa amayi apakati a zaka zapakati. Azimayi oyembekezera ali ndi zaka zambiri, malinga ndi ziwerengero, amayi amasiye amapezeka mobwerezabwereza (amayi 20, 10%, zaka 35-19%, ndi 40 -35%). Zovuta zowonjezereka za kubereka mochedwa, malinga ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, ndi hypoxia wa mwana wosabadwa (kusowa kwa oxygen mwa mwana pamene akubereka), kuchotsa msanga madzi, kusowa kwa ntchito, kukhalapo kwa magazi. Zinthu zambiri zoterezi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale mwayi wokhala ndi gawo lotsekemera.
Kumbukirani! Ngati kuwonjezera pa msinkhu, palibe zizindikiro zina (miyeso ya pelvic, kuthamanga kwa magazi, chidziwitso choyesera, kuchuluka kwa mtima pa miniti) musachite mantha, dokotala amalingalira za kubadwa kwachibadwidwe.
Zochita zogonana zofooka. Nthawi yayitali (kwa zaka zambiri) kulandila njira za kulera zomwe zili ndi mahomoni monga njira yothetsera mimba zimapangitsa kuti ntchitoyi isokoneze kwambiri ntchitoyi komanso momwe zimayendera mazira. Pambuyo pa zaka makumi atatu ndi zisanu, nthawi zambiri mphutsi zimatuluka, zomwe dzira sizimapsa. Nthawi zina pambuyo pa kupuma kwa mpweya, kusasitsa mazira angapo kumachitika, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa mimba yambiri. Zaka za 35-39 zaka zimatsimikiziridwa ndi madokotala, monga nsonga ya "mapasa" a genera amalingaliridwa.
■ Kuopsa kwa chibadwa. Ndili ndi zaka za mayi, chiopsezo chokhala ndi mwana ndi chromosomal pathologies chikuwonjezeka. Ngati ali ndi zaka 20 zakubadwa, kukhala ndi mwana ndi matenda a Down ndi 1: 1300, ndiye kuti zaka makumi asanu ndi zinayi (40) zizindikirozo zawonjezeka kwambiri: 1: 110. Kusintha ma chromosomes pankhaniyi kumachitika chifukwa cha zovuta zachilengedwe, zovuta zapadera ndi matenda osiyanasiyana omwe mayiyo watha kuyambiranso kukhala wamkulu. Nthawi zina kufunika kokambirana ndi a geneticist kumawonjezera pamene achibale a kholo limodzi ali ndi vuto la majeremusi, ngati mkazi m'mbuyomo adakhala ndi zolephereka ndipo ngati azimayi akhala akuchiritsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali kuchokera ku chiberekero.
Kumbukirani! Kuchita mantha nthawi isanakwane sikofunika. Ngati umoyo wanu ndi mwamuna wanu sukuchititsa mantha, m'banja lanu palibe amene adakhala ndi matenda obadwa nawo, ndiye kuti mwayi wobereka mwana wathanzi pambuyo pa zaka 35 ndi wapamwamba kwambiri.
Kukula kwa matenda aakulu. Kutenga mimba kumatha kungayambitse matenda a mtima, isupirinku, shuga. Izi zingakhale zoopsa kwambiri pa umoyo wa mkazi komanso mwana wake wam'tsogolo. Ziwerengero zimati patatha zaka 35 katatu kawiri kawiri kuposa 30, pali chitukuko cha shuga la amayi apakati.
Kumbukirani! Ngati mwakhala mukudwala matenda aakulu, muyenera kufunsa dokotala za njira zothandiza zothandizira.
MALIMBA ANGACHITE
Zakudya zanu ziyenera kukhala ndi mavitamini ndi minerals onse oyenera. Musaiwale kuti muphatikize mndandanda wanu persimmon ndi zipatso za feijoa. Zili ndi zinthu zambiri zothandiza: chitsulo, ayodini, potaziyamu, mavitamini C ndi E. M'pofunika kuyenda zambiri, mochuluka momwe zingathere kuti mukhale mumlengalenga. Onetsetsani kuti mupereke nthawi yophunzitsa thupi. Kusamala kwakukulu kunkaperekedwa kwa machitidwe omwe amalimbitsa minofu ya pansi pamimba, khoma pamimba. Pasadakhale (mwezi umodzi musanayambe kutenga pakati) ndipo m'miyezi itatu yoyambirira ya mimba, muyenera kutenga folic acid. Mankhwalawa amachepetsa chiopsezo chakumayambitsa matenda a fetal.
Kumbukirani! Yesani kuti musakhale wamanjenje kapena osokonezeka. Kulingalira m'malingaliro ndi maganizo abwino - chitsimikizo cha thanzi lanu labwino.
ZINTHU ZAMADZI ZAKA 35 ZAKA
Sizowona kuti kubala pakakula kumakhudzidwa ndi zoopsa zokha! Ayi ndithu! Kuberekera kumapeto kuli ndi ubwino wosiyanasiyana.
Choyamba, asayansi akhala atatsimikiziridwa kale ndikutsimikizira kuti ana ochedwa ali ndi luso lomveka bwino, ali ndi matalente ambiri, ndipo amakhala opangidwa mwakuthupi komanso okhudzidwa kwambiri kuposa anzawo omwe anabadwa ndi amayi aang'ono. Chifukwa chiyani? Ndi zophweka kwambiri: "makanda" amatengeka kwambiri ndi mphamvu kwa ana awo, chifukwa ana oterewa amafunidwa ndipo amavutika. Kuwonjezera pa zonse, amayi ndi abambo amakonda kukhala ndi nthawi yambiri. Kupindulitsa kwakukulu kumaperekedwa ku chuma chokhazikika, chifukwa nthawi zambiri pa nthawi ya kubadwa kwa mwana, makolo a msinkhu wokalamba amayima mwamphamvu ndipo tsogolo la mwanayo limatetezedwa kwambiri.
■ Chachiwiri, amayi apatha zaka 35 nthawi zambiri amakhala ovuta kwambiri komanso amakhala ndi udindo pa nthawi yobereka ndi kubereka. Iwo sangathe kugwidwa ndi vuto la maganizo kusiyana ndi atsikana. Akatswiri a zamaganizo a zaka makumi atatu (30) amatanthauzidwa ngati chinthu chosinthika, pamene chibadwa cha amayi chimapatsidwa malo otsogolera. Amagonjetsa kwambiri maganizo ndi zolinga zakuthupi. Atabereka mwana pambuyo pa zaka 35, mayiyo amayamba kukhala wamng'ono, chifukwa ali ndi zaka zazing'ono osati amayi agogo, koma mayi wamng'ono.
Sachitatu, kubadwa kwa nthawi yochepa kumakhala ndi ubwino wambiri wathanzi: amayi omwe ali okalamba adachepetsa cholesterol ndipo amachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo chodwala matendawa. Amakhala ndi nthawi yambiri yosamba, chimake chimadza pambuyo pake, thupi limavomereza mosavuta zokalamba. Azimayi oterewa sangawonongeke zoopsa za matenda opatsirana pogonana.
Kumbukirani! Pali chitsimikizo chachikulu choti abereke - mwana wathanzi pambuyo pa zaka 35 amathandiza mkazi kusunga achinyamata ndi kukongola kwautali.
KUDZIWA KWAMBIRI
Amayi onse amtsogolo, omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa 35, madokotala amalimbikitsa kuti mwanayo azitha kudziwa bwinobwino, zomwe zimaphatikizapo ultrasound pa 10-12 ndi masabata 16-20 ndi mayesero "atatu" (mayeso a magazi a alpha-fetoprotein, chorionic gonadotropin ndi estriol) . Ngati pali kukayikira pogwiritsa ntchito zotsatira, njira zosokoneza (ntchito) zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito. M'ma trimester yoyamba ndi chorionic biopsy (kafukufuku wa maselo a placenta mtsogolo), mwachiwiri - amniocentesis (kusanthula amniotic fluid) ndi cordocentesis (fetal blood sampling through the umbilical cord). Kutenga mimba kumabweretsa chidziwitso cha mwana wamwamuna - kuyesa kugunda kwa mtima ndi kusuntha kwa mwana, zomwe zimakulolani kudziwa ngati ali ndi mpweya wokwanira ndi zakudya.