Thonje - zothandiza, ubweya - zowononga bwino kuposa zopangidwa ndi makina onse, thonje - ndizofunika kwambiri pa zovala zamkati. Izi ndizo choonadi chomwe aliyense wa ife amadziwa. Koma kodi zonsezi ndi thonje, nsalu, ubweya, zomwe zimawoneka ngati zovala? Ndipo chiyenera kukhala chiyani, kuti asayambitse chifuwa? Kambiranani - ndizosangalatsa.
Kodi mungakhulupirire zochuluka bwanji "Zolemba 100%" ndipo ndi chizindikiro ichi chokwanira kuyesa khalidwe? Akatswiri mu nsalu mosaganizira amayankha "ayi". Chizindikiro cha mankhwalawa, chomwe chilibe zilembo zowonjezera zachilengedwe, chiyenera kuwerengedwa motere: "100% cotton" amatanthauza kuti thonje la thonje liri pafupifupi 70%, 8% ndi dyes, 14% ndi formaldehyde, ndipo zina zonse ndizobwino, zofewa, ndi zina zotero. Chowonadi n'chakuti zinthu zilizonse, kaya ndi thonje kapena ubweya, sizigwera mwachindunji m'manja mwa wopanga mafashoni kuchokera kumunda kapena kwa mwanawankhosa. Choyamba, zipangizozo zimasinthidwa kukhala nsalu, ndiye nsalu iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makina, amitundu, komanso atatha kusoka zovala. "Ndipo, kwenikweni, ndi vuto?" - Mwinamwake, mudzafunsa. Pambuyo pake, zikanakhala zodabwitsa mu nthawi yathu ya sayansi yopanga zovala ngati nthawi zakale. Izi ndizoona, koma zinthu zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa ogulitsa kukhala ndi zida zazing'ono, nthawi yomweyo zimawapangitsa kukhala owopsa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi khungu lopweteka, komanso omwe akudwala matendawa - makamaka.
KODI CHIYANI CHOCHITIKA CHOKHUDZA CHIYANI?
Nsaluyo iyenera kukhala yotetezeka - ndipo palibe amene amatsutsa. Koma zoona zake n'zakuti minofu ikhoza kukhala "yovulaza" ngakhale isanabadwe. Nthawi zina panthawi ya kulima, thonje limakhala ndi madzi ambirimbiri, zomwe zimadzaza ndi zipangizo. Palibe chilichonse chimene chimatayika popanda feteleza: feteleza, njira zowononga tizirombo - zonsezi zimalowa mu nsalu. Ndi ubweya wachibadwidwe pa chithunzi chomwecho: ngati zinyamazo zidasungidwa bwino ndipo nthawi zonse zimagwira ubweya wawo ndi mankhwala, ndiye nsaluyo siingakhale yoyera mwakutanthauzira. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nsaluyo ikhale yotalika, yochepa, ndi zina zotero. Nsalu yotchinga imadutsanso masitepe, ndipo ndithudi palibe dzira lopweteka. Pamapeto pake, zotchedwa thonje zakutchire sizodzaza 100%, koma zimadzazidwa ndi zinthu zonse zomwe zimadziwika bwino.
Kumadzulo, pa zowawa zawo, izi zinamveka kale kwambiri ndipo zaka 40 zapitazo anayamba kuphunzira za chitetezo cha nsalu. Chitsulo chinaperekedwa chifukwa cha opanga ndi ogula pokhudza kusankha ndi kupanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe sizingayambitse matenda. Mwachitsanzo, mgwirizanowu wa Germany ndi anthu omwe ali ndi Sensitive Skin (Die Deutsche Haut und Allergiehilfe) umachenjeza kuti choopsa kwambiri pa khungu lopepuka ndizojambula ndi "zosakaniza" (zomwe zimapanga mawonekedwe a zovala osati kuzilola). Mankhwala a mtundu wina ndi zokhazikika, zomwe ndi mbali ya zinthu zabwino, zingayambitse matenda. Malinga ndi zomwe zimachitika ku Germany, dermatologists, amachititsa kuti zinthu zonsezi zizichitika bwino.
Inde, n'zotheka kuthetsa mankhwala ambiri, komabe zikuphatikizapo kuti kuwonjezera pa zinthu zomwe ziri zoopsa kwambiri pa thanzi, palinso zomwe zimakhala zovulaza pokhapokha zitakanikirana. Zonsezi zilipo zoposa 7,000 zowonjezera mavitamini zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Zotsatira za zochitika zawo pamtengowo zimadziwika pokhapokha atagwiritsa ntchito nsalu zamakono ndi khungu lathu. Ogulitsa ndi nkhumba zazing'ono. Maphunziro apadera (ngakhale ku Ulaya) ayamba kuchitika kokha pambuyo pa chowonadi, mwachitsanzo, pamene winawake akuphwanyika. Ku Ulaya, akugwira ntchito kuti ayese minofu yowonongeka, koma panopa kuyesa konse sikungapindule kwambiri. Kuyesera kofulumira kwambiri kwa kuyesa kwa minofu kwa chitetezo choopsa kunapangidwa ku yunivesite ya Zurich, koma ochita kafukufukuwo sanasangalale naye, chifukwa "sanapereke chithunzi chokwanira komanso chokwanira cha ngozi yomweyi."
Kawirikawiri, zovuta zowonongeka ndi chinthu chodabwitsa. Ikhoza kuwonetsera kwathunthu pamtundu wa zifukwa zomwe sizikumveka bwino. Koma opanga opanga ntchito amapanga njira zofunika kuti ateteze ogula, awapatse iwo chidziwitso chathunthu cha zovala.
ONANI ZOFUNIKA ZITHUNZI
Ku Ulaya, moyo wamakhalidwe abwino ukuwotcha ndipo anthu amawonongeka bwino. Wogula amafuna kudziwa za zinthu momwe zingathere. Zotsatira zake, mabungwe omwe si a boma amawoneka kuti amayendetsa kudziimira payekha payekha ndipo chilichonse chimapereka chizindikiro chawo - chizindikiro. Pazinthu izi sipangakhale zolemba zina, koma chithunzi chomwecho chiyenera kukhala chitsimikizo cha chitetezo china. Nawa ena mwa iwo omwe mungapeze pa msika wa Russia: Naturokstil, Eurocat, EcoTex. Ngati mukufunafuna zovala zokhazokha zogulitsa mafakitale, ndiye kuti mukufunikira kuyika chizindikiro cha Ecotex 100 (kawirikawiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji ku mankhwala) ndi maluwa a Euro (yosindikizidwa pa sewn tag). Mlingo uwu ndi wokwanira kwa anthu ambiri omwe alibe vuto ndi khungu.
Ngati mukufuna kuvala zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri pazifukwa zenizeni kapena mukudwala matenda a khungu, ndiye muyenera kuyang'ana mankhwala ndi chizindikiro cha Naturtextile. Sichikupezeka pamakalata ochepetsedwa, koma akugwiritsidwa ntchito papepala, limasonyeza nambala ya layisensi, yomwe mungapeze zambiri zomwe mukufunikira pakupanga chinthu ichi popanga pempho kudzera pa intaneti.
ZOKHUDZA MASEWERO
Zovala zotetezeka sizotsutsana, koma siziyenera kutsika mtengo. Mwinamwake, katundu wam'nyumba sangakhale wovuta kwambiri, koma panthawi imodzimodzi mtengo? Tsoka ilo, ife, monga ogula, timapeza zovuta kudalira ziphatso za chitetezo cha Russia - ambiri a iwo amangogulidwa popanda kuyesedwa. Komanso, wopanga akhoza kugula nsalu yapamwamba ku East, popanda kuganiza, chifukwa makampani athu a nsalu akukumana ndi zovuta. Koma pali nthawi zabwino. Kotero, makampani a kumadzulo akupanga katundu ku Russia amasungabe khalidwe la Ulaya, lomwe lingakhale lodalirika. Kotero khalani kutsogoleredwa ndi ma bronitsi otsimikiziridwa. Mphamvu yake ndi Africa ziyenera kukhazikika, mlingo woyenera wa mtunduwo uli paliponse.
Kuonjezera apo, Russia ili ndi mtengo wotsika mtengo, womwe uli kunja kuli ndalama zopanda phindu. Chilakolako ndizofunika kwambiri, makamaka zosawerengeka. Chomera ichi ndi champhamvu kwambiri moti sichikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chimbudzi chilichonse panthawi ya kulima. Flax mwachibadwa ndi yotsutsa-static, sichikuthandizira magetsi, motero ndibwino kuti anthu a m'matawuni apange. Len bactericidal - pansi pa nsalu zomangira, mabala amachiza mofulumira kuposa pansi pa thonje. Ndi bwino kusiyana ndi thonje, imatenga thukuta ndipo siimapanga minofu yowonongeka, choncho ndi yabwino kwambiri pamabedi ogona. Mu kutentha kwa zovala zopangidwa ndi nsalu, thukuta liri theka mofanana kwambiri ndi diresi ya chintz. Flax ndi yokhazikika, yofunkha pang'ono, yopanda kulowerera kwa fungo. Amathandiza mwangwiro kutentha thupi kwa thupi. Thonje silimatha, ndi losavuta komanso likuchotsedwa bwino. Sungunuka ikhoza kukhala vuto makamaka chifukwa cha utoto, ngati nsalu imatulutsidwa ndi ma resin akuphwanya (real flax iyenera kuphwanyidwa, ngati mkaka weniweni uli wowawa, ndipo siima kwa zaka). Kotero ngati muwona chinthu cha mtundu wina wa nsalu wopangidwa ku Vologda kapena Kostroma, mutenge molimba mtima. Koma zinthu zomwe "zokondwa" zojambula zimakhala zomveka kuopa: dye ikhoza kukhala yotetezeka.
MALANGIZO OTHANDIZA
Ndiye ndi bwino bwanji kuti ogula achite ngati ali ndi chikhumbo chosankha zovala zotetezeka?
1. Omwe samadwala matenda a khungu ndipo osaganizira mozama, ayenera kusamala ndi zinthu zomwe ziri zowononga thanzi. Mwachitsanzo, zovala zogwiritsa ntchito, kapena zovala zamkati zakuda komanso pafupi ndi mdima wakuda.
2. Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la khungu kapena omwe amamva kapena kuthamanga chifukwa cha zovala, ndibwino kuti amvetsere malingaliro athu ndikuwerenga mosamala kulemba. Khungu lopsa mtima limapweteka kwambiri kuyankha chimamtima, ngakhale pang'ono. Choncho, muyenera kudziwa mtundu wa minofu yomwe muyenera kukhala nayo kuti musayambitse matenda.
3. Timalangiza aliyense kuti asambe zovala asanapite ku sock yoyamba.
4. Pamene mukuchapa, ndibwino kuti muthamangitse kawiri kawiri, kuti pang'onopang'ono zitsulo zikhalebe pa zovala (kuwonjezera vinyo wosasa pa tebulo limodzi, supuni pa lita imodzi ya madzi, viniga amatsimikiziridwa kuti asamatsitsirenso mankhwala otsala). Ngati n'kotheka, gulani mankhwala otchedwa hypoallergenic detergents, mwachitsanzo zovala zapansi za ana, kapena zowononga zachilengedwe, zomwe zikhoza kupezeka pa eco-shelves m'masitolo akuluakulu.
Monga mukuonera, kusankha zovala sikuli kovuta kwa iwo amene amasamalira thanzi lawo. Koma anachenjeza-amatanthauza, atanyamula zida. Ndipo imatetezedwa ku zosokonezeka, zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri povala zovala zosayenera.
WERENGANI LETTERS
Ngati iwe usanakhale blouse kuchokera ku msika wosadziwika kuchokera, ndiye uli ndi chizindikiro cha sewn kapena mtundu wina wa chizindikiro. Muyenera kumvetsera zinthu zotsatirazi
1. Mercerisiert Mercerized (Mercerized) - pambuyo pochiritsidwa ndi chemistry, thonje imakhala yowonjezereka, yowonjezereka ndikuyamba kuwala. Sichivomerezeka kwa anthu omwe akuchulukitsidwa ndi matenda a khungu;
2. Buegelfrei, pflegeleicht Palibe chosowa chachitsulo (Chosavuta chisamaliro chosakaniza chofunikira) - Tsamba iyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zida zopangidwa ndi formaldehyde. Ichi ndi chinthu choopsa kwambiri.
3. Gebleicht, wasedwe mwala kapena Chlorine imachotsedwa - Chlorine imakhala yovulaza anthu komanso chilengedwe. Osakonzedwa ndi odwala matenda odwala matendawa;
4. 100% kbA Baumwolle kapena 100% Baumwolle Kontr.Biol.Anbau (100% organic cotton) kapena 100% organic cotton (100% ya ubweya wa nkhosa) kapena 100% kbT Tsamba, 100% ya ubweya wa nkhosa, 100% kbT Seide, 100% Silika ya thupi (100% ya silika yakuya) - Kompositi / ubweya / silika wapamwamba kwambiri. Imodzi mwa njira zingapo zomwe zili zopanda phindu kwa khungu lirilonse ndi kuchepetsa vuto la anthu okhala ndi chifuwa;
5. Alpakka (Alpacca) - Samalani: ngati zinalembedwa ndi "k" muzinenero zakunja, ndiye kuti mankhwalawa sagwirizana ndi ubweya wa alpaca llamas, womwe unapangidwa kuchokera ku zitsulo za ubweya;
6. Waschmaschienenfest (Kusamba pamadzi osagwiritsidwa ntchito) - Resin yothandizidwa ndi ma resin opanga
7. Superwash (sizimasungunuka) - Zowopsya mu dermatitis iliyonse, makamaka pa nthawi ya kuchulukirapo.