Anesthesia ndi nkhani yaikulu
Zisonyezozo ndizozadzidzidzi kapena zowonongeka. Mankhwala a anesthesia, kapena anesthesia, ndi njira yambiri ya anesthesia, imene wodwala samamva ululu ndi chidziwitso. M'magwiritsidwe ntchito ka mano opanga mavitamini komanso mitundu yambiri ya aneshesia. Ndi inhalation anesthetics mu gaseous boma amayamba mu kupuma dongosolo ndi kulowa magazi mofanana ndi oxygen. Ndi mankhwala osakaniza a anional, amadzimadzi amadzipangidwira m'thupi mwathunthu kapena mwachangu. Pazochitika zonsezi, opaleshoniyi ikupitirirabe mopanda phindu.
Komabe, pamene kuli kofunika kuchotsa dzino, nthenda yaikulu ya anesthesia imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ndipo, monga lamulo, kuchipatala. Zisonyezero zazikulu ndi kusagwirizana kwa anesthetics kumidzi ndi kuwonjezereka kokondweretsa maganizo. Anesthhesia wam'dera ndi njira yaikulu yowonetsera madokotala. Zimasonyezedwa nthawi zonse pochita mazinyo operekera limodzi ndi ululu. Kusiyanitsa chimodzi ndi chimodzi: kusagwirizana kwa wodwala wodwalayo amadzimva.
Kuchita mazinyo, osagwiritsidwa ntchito (kugwiritsa ntchito) ndi mitundu yojambulidwa ya anesthesia ya m'deralo imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pogwiritsira ntchito anesthesia, mankhwala amadzimadzi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa ziphuphu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapuloteni ndi mapuloteni amatha kukhala m'magazi. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa voliyumu yazing'ono: kuchotsa dzino lachitsulo, mavitamini olimba mano, zilonda zazing'ono zochepa pamlomo mucosa, ndi zina zotero. Ngati wodwalayo "akuwopa" akuopa kuti angayambe kudumpha, amapezeranso mankhwala ochepetsa kupweteka kwa magazi asanayambe jekeseni wa anesthesia.
Anesthesia yajeremusi imapangitsa kuti pasakhale kupweteka kwa malo omwe akuthandizira poyambitsa matenda a anesthetic - a) pafupi ndi mitsempha ya mitsempha yam'mimba ndi mapeto ake (infiltration anesthesia); b) pafupi ndi thumba la mitsempha (kupweteka kwa anesthesia).
Kwa njira iyi ya anesthesia kuyambira pa:
• kuchotsa mkaka ndi mano osatha;
• kusokonezeka kwa ziphuphu zochepa komanso zosasangalatsa;
• Kuchotsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mapiritsi ngati mapiloma (papilloma, fibroma, cyst, etc.);
• kuchipatala mabala (kusakaniza);
• Pakati pa mapulasitiki a milomo ndi lilime;
• Pamene mukuchiritsa mano.
Nchifukwa chiani anesthesia "sakugwira ntchito"?
Nthawi zina jekeseni anesthesia sichipatsa anesthesia wathunthu. Izi zimachitika pamene dokotala wa opaleshoni wamakono akukakamizidwa kuchita opaleshoni kwa wodwala ali ndi matenda opweteka a mano ndi / kapena nsagwada. Chowonadi ndi chakuti mu chilengedwe cha acidic cha matenda otentha, zotsatira za anesthetics zoterozo ndi zofooka. Kuonjezera apo, chifukwa cha kuchulukitsidwa kwa magazi m'magazi opsa, kutsekemera kwachangu kumachitika mwamsanga, komwe kumachepetsa nthawi yogwira ntchito ndikuwonjezera kuopsa kwake.
Zinanenedwa kuti kuchepa kwa kupweteka kwa thupi kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda opweteka kumawonekera kwambiri ndi kuponderezedwa kwa anesthesia.
Kusankha mankhwala kuti athandize kupweteka
Mankhwala a antiesthetics a m'madera amagawidwa m'magulu awiri: esters - anesthesin, cocaine, novocaine, dicaine, etc; amides - articaine, lidocaine, tri-mecaine, mepivacaine, bupivacaine idr. Kusiyana pakati pa magulu kumaphatikizapo, choyamba, muzodziwika za biotransformation za anesthetics am'deralo ndi zotsatira zotheka. Pakalipano, ku Russia, amayesa kuti jekeseni yowonongeka ndi mankhwala a mano asagwiritsidwe ntchito chifukwa cha kuopsa kwa poizoni. Posachedwapa, madokotala a mano akuyang'anitsitsa madokotala a madokotala a UI-tracain DS, a Septentest 4% N, Ubiste-tchimo, Ultracain DS amphamvu, a Septpest 4% SP, Ubistesin forte. Iwo amachokera ku articaine - gulu lamagulu amadzimadzi omwe amapezeka m'madera amodzi mwachangu: anesthesia amapezeka mu 0.5-3 mphindi. Articaine amalekerera kuposa lidocaine. Zomwe zimawathandiza kuti asamveke ndizochepa. Kuwonjezera apo, articaine sichilowa pakati pa chiopsezo chotetezeka kwambiri ndipo kotero ndi yotetezeka kwambiri kwa amayi apakati.
Pakalipano, momwe chiwonongeko cha mast cells (RDTK) chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti adziwe munthu aliyense wokhudzidwa ndi kupweteka. Kutuluka kuchokera ku RDTC kumaperekedwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi zotsatira zolakwika za zamaliseche zosadziwika, kusagwirizana kwa mankhwala. Ndi mankhwala ophera jekeseni, mavuto a m'deralo ndi otheka:
Ululu ndi kuyaka pamene jekeseni. Zomwe amamvazi nthawi zonse zimakhala zochepa ndipo zimatha kupewa. Kulowera kochepa kwa mankhwala am'deralo kumapangitsa kuti pakhale chitetezo komanso chitonthozo cha jekeseni.
Pesthesia (kuchepetsa anesthesia). Zimasonyezedwa ndi kusintha kwakung'ono ndi kuchepa kwa kukhudzidwa pa ntchito ya opaleshoni. Thandizo silofunika, limangopita kwa milungu ingapo kapena miyezi ingapo.
- Pangano lopweteka kwambiri. Izi ndizoletsedwa pa kutsegula mkamwa ndi madigiri osiyanasiyana. Chimachitika chifukwa cha kuvulala kwa singano ya minofu panthawi ya mitsempha yopita kumunsi. Vuto limathetsedwa pambuyo pa njira ya physiotherapy.
- Maphunziro ndi mahematomu. Monga lamulo, amachotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito bandage ndi kutentha.
Monga mukuonera, anesthesia m'mayendedwe a mano amagwiritsidwa ntchito masiku ano. Njira zowonongeka zimakhala zatsopano, zatsopano, zogwira ntchito komanso zotetezeka. Ndipo tsopano madotolo amayankha funso lakuti "Kodi n'zotheka kuchotsa mano mopweteka kwa wodwala aliyense" - "inde". Ndipo, komabe, zosavuta, komanso ambiri a anesthesia, anesthesia m'mayendedwe sangakhoze kutchulidwabe. Kotero, dokotala yemwe ati adzachiritse mafupa "osanyalanyaza" mano, kuchotsa kuchotsa kapena kupweteka kwina, pakusankha kugwiritsa ntchito anesthesia, amakakamizika kuganiza. Ganizirani za momwe mungatetezere wodwalayo kuti asatope ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo kuchepetsani zoopsa za mavuto ndi zotsatira zovulaza kuchokera ku anesthesia.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Zomwe zimatsutsana ndi anesthesia za m'deralo zowonjezera chidwi cha munthu wodwalayo. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa anesthesia kumalo amenewa kungabweretse mavuto aakulu kwambiri - anaphylactic shock, omwe angathe kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse. Kaŵirikaŵiri zimachitika ndi kayendedwe kambiri ka mankhwala osokoneza bongo, koma pali zochitika zotero pa jekeseni loyamba la mankhwala.