Mankhwala abwino kwambiri ndi omwe ineyo kapena mwana wanga sititenga, amayi ambiri amaganizira. Ndipo akatswiri onse amagwirizana ndi izi. Chitetezo chanu ndi thanzi la mwana wakhanda ndi ntchito yaikulu kwa madokotala. Ndicho chifukwa chake muli ndi ufulu kupeza zambiri zokhudza mankhwala omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pobereka. Dokotala ayenera kukuuzani zomwe mungasankhe mankhwala pakadera lanu, chifukwa cha thanzi labwino, nthawi ya mimba komanso njira yowonjezera. Kuchokera pamndandanda womwe ukutchulidwa, mungasankhe mankhwala aliwonse, komanso momwe amayambira. Musati mufunsane nanu mukhoza kokha kuti pangakhale zoopsa pamoyo wanu komanso moyo wa mwanayo. Pankhaniyi, ntchito yanu yaikulu ndikupeza katswiri wabwino ndikumukhulupirira. Khalani chete, popanda kusowa ndi umboni wofunikira, palibe malo omwe mungapange.
Popanda kupweteka
Inde, muli ndi mphamvu yakukwanira kuti muzitha kuyang'ana maonekedwe a mwanayo. Komabe, ngakhale mayi wolimba mtima angafune thandizo kuchokera kunja. Pali magulu angapo a mankhwala opweteka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi zosiyanasiyana za kubala. Ndikoyenera kudziwa chomwe chiri bwino painkiller pakubereka.
1. Njira yokonzekera
Ngati mutabala nthawi yoyamba, sitejiyi ikhoza kuyendetsa maola ambiri. Kusiyanitsa pa nthawi ino, monga lamulo, ndi kosavuta, koma nthawi zambiri kumakhala kowawa kwambiri. Ngati sangawatsogolere ku chiberekero, mukhoza kupatsidwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo - amakulolani kugona mumdima ndikugona maola ochepa, omwe angapulumutse mphamvu yanu kuti mubwerere. Mankhwala oterewa ndi othandiza mkati mwa maola 3-4.
Zotsatira
Anesthesia ya m'mimba ikhoza kuyambitsa kugona kwa mwanayo pa cardiotocogram, yomwe imalembedwa mu kubala. Koma pambuyo pa kutha kwa mankhwala, zotsatirazo zimabwereranso mwachibadwa.
2. Ntchito yogwira ntchito
Panthawi imeneyi, mungagwiritse ntchito ziwalo zomwenso zimagwira ntchito m'thupi mwachangu komanso epestural anesthesia. Pachiyambi choyamba ndikofunika kupanga jekeseni 30-40 mphindi asanafike mwanayo, mwinamwake mwanayo akhoza kubadwa atagona ndi waulesi. Osadandaula, posachedwapa adzapeza ntchito yake.
Ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana, mankhwala amayamba kufalikira m'madera omwe amapezeka m'madera ozungulira. Mankhwala oterewa alibe mankhwala owopsa ndipo samalowetsa magazi a mayi kapena mwana. Komabe, mankhwala oterewa si abwino kwa aliyense. Zotsutsana ndizo ndi kunenepa kwambiri kapena ntchito yopaleshoni pa msana. Chinthu china chofunikira ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa nkhondo nthawi zonse (ndi periodicity ya 2-3 mphindi). Ngati mutayambitsa anesthesia musanafike, kubadwa kumatha kuchepa.
Zotsatira
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo alibe zotsatira zoipa. Pambuyo maola 3-4, anesthetics amatha kugawanika ndipo sapezeka m'magazi.
Ngati nthenda yotsekemera ya m'magazi imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu gawo la misala, mutu umatha. Iwo amachotsedwa mosavuta ndi zofunikira zinazake. Zilonda za Neuralgic pakali pano sizodziwika. Danga pa mlingo umene jekeseni wapangidwa sali ndi ngalande yowongoka, ndizosatheka kulowa m'mitsempha yotuluka. Njira yothetsera kupweteka kotereyi yagwiritsidwa bwino kwambiri.
Kodi mukusowa maantibayotiki?
Azimayi amanyamula katundu wa gulu B Streptococcus, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo chotenga matendawa kwa mwana wakhanda. Komanso, streptococcus, pokhala ndi zotsatira zoipa pa placenta, ikhoza kubweretsa fetal hypoxia. Ndicho chifukwa chake, pa sabata la 36 la mimba, amayi onse amtsogolo amalimbikitsidwa kuti apange smear (kuchokera kunja kwa ziwalo zoberekera) kuti adziwe kupezeka kwa streptococcus. Ngati atapezeka, mankhwala opha tizilombo (monga penicillin) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pobereka. Nthawi zina maantibayotiki amaperekedwa kwa amayi omwe ali ndi cholinga chowopsa. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mayi wakhanda atatha maola 8 apita, ndiye kuti ntchito yobadwa siidayambe.
Onjezerani mwamsanga
Choncho ingoyambani zinyenyeswazi zomwe palibe. Koma ngati mwadzidzidzi pali vuto pamene kusungunuka kungakhudze mkhalidwe wa mwana komanso ubwino wa mayi, madokotala akhoza kulimbikitsa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mayi abwera kunyumba ya amayi omwe ali ndi amayi osamvana, a Vedas achoka maola 5 apitawo, kapena makamaka m'milandu yovuta, ngati nkofunika kuti ntchito ifike masana.
1. Njira yokonzekera
Mu gawo lokonzekera la ntchito, kukonzekera kwakukulu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito monga mawonekedwe a gel, omwe amawonekera mukazi. Zimapangidwa ndi zifanizidwe za ziwalo za prostaglandins zomwe zimakonzekera chiberekero cha kubwerako kudzafupikitsa - kuzifupikitsa, kuzipangitsa kukhala zolimba, kupereka chitseko.
2. Ntchito yogwira ntchito
Pa ntchito yogwira ntchito, ngati mankhwalawa sali amphamvu ndipo nthawi zambiri, chiberekero cha chiberekero sichikutseguka kapena ntchito yomwe inayamba mwadzidzidzi imasiya, imagwiritsira ntchito oxytocin, yomwe imapangitsa kuchuluka kwa mavitamini a uterine. Rodovozbuzhdenie yotero nthawi zambiri imayendetsedwa pamodzi ndi anesthesia. Oxytocin imathandizidwa ndi phokoso mpaka kumayambiriro kwa zochitika zowonongeka komanso kutsegula kwa chiberekero. Nthawi yogwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake ndi yeniyeni payekha - munthu wina maola 7, kwa wina 16. Ngati zitatha izi zotsalira sizingatheke, zimatha, ndipo ntchitoyo imathera ndi gawo lopuma. Zomwe oxytocin zimachepetsa kwambiri mitsempha ya magazi ndipo ndiye chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa magazi kwa amayi amtsogolo komanso kusowa mpweya (hypoxia) mwa mwana sikungatheke. Zotsatira za ziwiya za mafanidwe opangidwa ndi mahomoni achilengedwe omwe amapangidwa ndi placenta amachepetsa.
Zotsatira
Ndikofunika kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito oxytocin, pokhapokha atadikirira, pamene chiberekero chakhala chofewa, chokhwima. Kuchuluka mofulumira kwa madokotala omwe amanena kuti izi zimakopetsa mu ntchito yokonzekera (chiberekero chazitsamba, chowoneka) nthawi zambiri chimatsogolera gawo lopuma.
Zoona
Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mapope ndi papaverine mu ntchito ndi sayansi sizolondola. Kawirikawiri mankhwalawa amalembedwa kuti athetse chiberekero ndi kufulumizitsa ndondomeko ya ndondomeko. Komabe, amatha kuchotsa mitsempha ya mitsempha, pamene chiberekero ndi minofu yolumikizana. Mkhalidwe umenewu, ntchito yawo ndi yopanda phindu.
Kuthamanga kwakukulu
Kunja kwina, matenda ambiri a anesthesia sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pobereka. Mwachitsanzo, ku US, gawo limodzi la 5-7% la magawo osungirako. Pamene m'dziko lathu nthawi zambiri ntchito yake ili pafupi ndi 70%! Poyamba, jekeseni wamagazi amaperekedwa kwa mayiyo, mayiyo amalowetsedwa mu tulo, pambuyo pake mpweya wamagetsi umayambika kudzera mu chubu lapadera, ndikuwuthandizira mu dziko lino lonse.
Kuthamangitsidwa kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo kumachitika kwa mkazi mmodzi yekha pa milioni. Zowopsa kwambiri kwa amayi ndi mwana zimakhudzana ndi zomwe zinachitikira komanso kugwirana ntchito kwa gulu la madokotala. Pofuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo kuti alowe m'magazi a mwanayo mopanda malire, muyenera kuchotsa chiberekero mwamsanga.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, ndi kofunika kwambiri kuti mwanayo atha kugwa m'manja mwa a neonatologist. Amatha kugona ndi kufooketsa minofu ya kupuma. Ngati kutumphuka kumalowanso amniotic madzi, ndi kofunika kuti wina amuthandize kumusula. Katswiri amafufuza momwe mwanayo aliri. Ngati sakusonyeza zizindikiro za hypoxia (kusowa mpweya), adzakhala ndi ana ena, pokhapokha atayang'anitsitsa. Ngati zilipo, makina okosijeni angapangidwe. Mulimonsemo, zotsatira zonse zogwiritsira ntchito anesthesia kwa mwanayo zimathetsedwa m'masiku oyambirira a moyo wake.
Azimayi omwe amatsutsa kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala aliwonse angathe kusindikiza chikalata chapadera asanabadwe. Zimasonyeza kuti ndi zotsatira zake zonse, zimakhala ndi udindo wonse.
Nthawi zina, pamene mayi ali ndi zovuta kwambiri zomwe siziwathandiza kuti atsegule chiberekero, zimakhala zokwanira kubwezeretsa madzi. Pachifukwa ichi, minofu yosalala ya chiberekero imathetsa, ndipo zitsulo zimakhala zogwira mtima
Anesthesia yoyamba m'ntchito pa nthawi ya cisamariya inagwiritsidwa ntchito mu 1847 ndi J. obstinstrojistan. Chinali chloroform.
Kusamala moyenera
M'mabungwe ambiri omwe ali ndi amayi omwe ali ndi amayi omwe ali ndi amayi oyembekezera, mosapatulapo amaika dropper ndi saline. Chifukwa chiyani? Kuti athe kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga pazidzidzidzi ndipo nthawi yomweyo muwachotse. Kubereka ndikoyembekezeredwa, komabe ndondomeko yosayembekezereka. Ndicho chifukwa chake tikuyenera kukhala ndi mwayi wamuyaya wa mitsempha, kotero kuti muzochitika mwamsanga mwa catheter mungathe kulowa mwamsanga mankhwala oyenera. Nthawi zina amayi amtsogolo amalembedwa dontho la saline ndi shuga. Izi ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa iwo amene sanadye asanabadwe. Pachifukwa ichi, shuga ikhoza kukhala gwero la mphamvu, lomwe mosakayikira lidzakhala lothandiza kwa amayi pakubereka ndi pambuyo pake, pamene angayambe kuyimbira mwana wake amene akuyembekezera kwa nthawi yayitali. Mchere wamchere ndi shuga ndi zotetezeka kwa amayi ndi mwana.