Koma nthawi yoyenera, yomwe ingapite kuchipatala, ndi ora limodzi chiyambireni zizindikiro; Mukamadikirira, chiopsezo chachikulu cha imfa. Koma amayi ambiri sadziwa ngakhale kuti ali ndi chiopsezo chotani. Kwa iwo, chizindikiro choyamba cha matenda a mtima ndi nthawi zambiri matenda a mtima. Ndi pamene amapeza kuti ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi kapena cholesterol. Pa nthawi yomweyo, amatha kuzindikira kuti kusuta kumavulaza thanzi lawo. Choyambitsa matenda a mtima sichinali chowonekera, koma tiwathandiza kuwatchinga.
Kuyamba kwa matenda
Ndipotu, zizindikiro za matendawa zingawonekere kusiyana ndi momwe mudzamvera. Kuwombera kwa atsikana omwe ali atsikana omwe anaphedwa pa ngozi za galimoto amasonyeza kuti pali makate a kolesterolini pamakoma a ngalawa - zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima. Atsikana ambiri sazindikira kuti ngakhale alibe zizindikiro, amatha kudziwonetsera okha pazoopsa zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo kusachita masewero olimbitsa thupi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta ochuluka. Mwachitsanzo, atalandira zotsatira za kafukufuku, osewera ena othamanga othamanga adagwidwa kwambiri atamva kuti ali ndi mitsempha ya cholesterol kapena anali ovuta kwambiri ndipo anali pangozi. Ndinawafotokozera kuti matenda a mtima samasamala kuti ndiwe wotani - 48 kapena 60. Iwe uli pachiopsezo ngati chimodzi mwa zizindikirozo chikupezeka - mwachitsanzo, kuthamanga kwa magazi. Madokotala nthawi zonse samatha kupeza matenda a mtima mwamsanga ndipo si madokotala onse omwe amazindikira momwe matendawa aliri pakati pa akazi. Madokotala osayembekezera mokwanira, pokhudzana ndi zizindikiro za matenda a mtima m'mabanja, ndizoopsa chabe. Zimapezeka kuti madokotala osachepera 20 peresenti, kuphatikizapo azimayi, azimayi ndi a cardiologists, amadziwa kuti chaka chilichonse amayi ambiri amafa ndi matenda a mtima kusiyana ndi amuna. Ndipo maphunziro omwe anachitika ku Ulaya anasonyeza kuti akazi omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima anali ndi chiopsezo chachiwiri chofa chifukwa cha matenda a mtima, mwinamwake chifukwa chakuti sanapite kukayezetsa kanthawi koyenera ndipo sanatenge mankhwala othandiza kuti achepetse magazi ndi cholesterol.
Izi sizowonongeka ...
Chimodzi mwa vuto ndikuti madokotala kawirikawiri amayang'ana zizindikiro zakuda za matenda a mtima, monga kupweteka koyaka kapena kupsa mtima m'chifuwa chomwe chimafalikira kumtunda kapena m'mbali. Ngakhale zizindikirozi zikhoza kukhalapo, sizidzakhala zofunika. Kufufuza kwa asayansi kunapezeka kuti amayi oposa 70% pa matenda a mtima anali ndi zofooka, pafupifupi theka - kupuma pang'ono, ndipo pafupifupi 40% anadandaula chifukwa chodzipweteka kwa mwezi umodzi mweziwu usanachitike. Azimayi ambiri omwe anadwala matenda a mtima pakati pa zaka makumi atatu ndi makumi asanu ndi awiri (50) anadandaula kuti sangathe kupita pamasitepe kapena kumangoyenda kuchoka kumapeto kwa chipindacho kufikira wina. Ambiri ankakhulupirira kuti iwo anali atagwedezeka kapena akungosonyeza zaka.
Ufulu wofanana wa kugonana
Kusiyana kwa zizindikiro zikhoza kufotokozedwa ndi kusiyana kwa thupi. Azimayi amatha kukhala ndi matenda osokoneza bongo kapena kutsekedwa kwa mitsempha yaing'ono kuposa amuna. Azimayi pafupifupi atatu miliyoni odwala matenda a mtima amapezeka ndi matendawa. Njira yoteroyo yodziwira kuti ali ndi matenda a mtima, monga momwe amachitira poyerekeza ndi mitsempha yayikulu ya mitsempha yamtendere, yomwe anthu amakhudzidwa kwambiri, sichigwira ntchito pozindikira pang'ono zazing'ono pamakoma a ziwiya zazing'ono. Ndipo izi zikutanthauza kuti mamiliyoni amayi sangathe kuwerengera molondola. Masiku ano, maphunziro akuyambanso kupanga njira zoterezi monga maginito resonance ndi kompyuta angiography, zomwe zimayenera kukhala zogwira mtima pozindikira matenda opatsirana pogonana mwa amayi.
Kodi zotsatira zake zonsezi ndi zotani?
Popeza matenda a mtima ndi ovuta kudziwa ndipo ambirife timadziona kuti ndizoopsa, ndikofunika kuti tiwone bwinobwino thanzi lanu: kudziwa momwe thupi lanu limakhalira ndi mphamvu ya magazi komanso cholesterol ndikuzindikira zizindikiro za nkhawa. Ndikofunika kuti musinthe zina zomwe mumachita pamoyo wanu zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda. Kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti amayi oposa 80% omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima amayamba kusuta komanso kukhala ndi moyo. Palibe mankhwala omwe angateteze matenda a mtima. Kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino, mumafunika nthawi ndi khama kusintha makhalidwe anu. Mwachidule, ngati simukufuna kuwonjezera ziwerengero zanu zomvetsa chisoni kale, yambani kusamalira thanzi lanu lero.
Theka la ola la mtima wathanzi
Kawirikawiri amaganiza kuti maphunziro apamwamba omwe amathandiza kuti moyo ukhale wathanzi amafunika njira yosiyana ndi yosavuta kugwira ntchito. Koma kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti mukhoza kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima ndi 40%, mukuchita mphindi 30-40 patsiku. Chiwerengero ichi palokha ndicho cholinga chabwino. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandiza kulimbitsa minofu ya mtima, kusintha mapapu ndi kuyendetsa magazi, kulimbikitsa kukula kwa "cholesterol" chabwino. Kuphatikiza pa izi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumathandizira kuchepetsa kulemera, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi maonekedwe a shuga - zidziŵika zoopsa za matenda a mtima. Kuti timapange masewera olimbitsa thupi, timalimbikitsa kugwira ntchito ndi mphamvu ya 50-80% ya momwe mtima wanu ulili. Pulogalamu yophunzitsidwa yoperekedwa pano imaphatikizapo masewera olimbitsa thupi kwambiri ndipo imakuthandizani kuchotsa makilogalamu 300.
Yesetsani mtima wanu
Pulogalamu yophunzitsayi, mtundu uliwonse wa kuyenda, kuthamanga, njinga zamoto kapena wophunzitsira elliptical ndi woyenera. Chitani katatu pamlungu kuwonjezera pa kuphunzitsa mphamvu. Maseŵera oyambirira a matenda a mtima nthawi zambiri alibe zizindikiro zoopsa. Ndicho chifukwa chake ndibwino kudutsa mayesero angapo ali wamng'ono.
Kuthamanga kwa magazi
Poyerekeza, dokotala amatsimikizira mphamvu ya magazi pamitsuko ya magazi panthawi iliyonse ya mtima. Chofunika ndikumvera pansi pa 120/80. Zotsatira za kafukufuku zikuwonetsa kuti pamene vuto likuwonjezeka (pamwamba pa 115/75), chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima chikuwonjezeka mofanana. Ngati kuthamanga kwa magazi kuli koyenera, yang'anani kamodzi pachaka. Ngati mpweya uli pamwamba (120-139 / 80) kapena wapamwamba (oposa 140/90), muyenera kuyeza miyezi itatu iliyonse mpaka mutakhazikika.
Gawo la shuga la magazi mu kusala
Mayesowa amasonyeza shuga, kapena shuga, m'magazi anu atatha maola 8 mutadya. Zotsatira za kufufuza kwakukulu zikuwonetsa kuti pafupifupi anthu mamiliyoni 1.5 akufa kuchokera ku matenda a mtima ndi imfa 709,000 kukwapulidwa ndi zotsatira za masitepe apamwamba. Msuzi wabwino kwambiri wa magazi sayenera kupitirira 99 mg / dL. Akazi omwe alibe ziopsezo ayenera kuyesedwa ali ndi zaka 40. Ngati zizindikirozo ndi zachilendo, muyenera kuyesedwa mobwerezabwereza zaka zingapo. Ngati mlingo wa shuga uli wapamwamba, bwerezani kuyesedwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Cholesterol
Pakati pa kuyesedwa kwa magazi, khungu la cholesterol (ie, "chabwino"), cholesterol (low, "zoipa") ndi triglycerides (mtundu wa mafuta okhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri, shuga ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi) zimatsimikiziridwa. Kachilombo kotsika kwambiri kolesterolini kangapangitse kupanga mapangidwe pamakoma a ziwiya, pamene cholesterol chokwanira kwambiri chimathandiza kuchotsa mafuta kuchokera ku magazi kupita ku chiwindi pamene amagawanika. Mlingo wanu wa cholesterol uli wonse ukhale pansi pa 200, pamene cholesterol chochepa sichiyenera kupitirira 100, cholesterol chokwanira chachikulu chiyenera kukhala pansi pa 50, ndipo mlingo wa triglyceride uyenera kukhala pansi pa 150. Ngati zonsezi zili zachilendo, ndiye kuti kuyezetsa magazi kwa cholesterol kungatheke kamodzi zaka zisanu. Ngati analeredwa, madokotala amalangiza kuti apange magazi nthawi imodzi pachaka.
Mapuloteni othandizira
Kuyezetsa magazi uku kumayambitsa magazi okhudzidwa ndi mapuloteni, omwe ndi chizindikiro cha kutupa komwe kumachitika ndi chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima. Mayesowa ndi ofunikira kwambiri, pafupifupi theka la matenda a mtima amapezeka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la cholesterol. Kafukufuku wina anasonyeza kuti mapuloteni otetezeka kwambiri mwa amayi amasonyeza kuti akhoza kudwala matenda a mtima, ngakhale kuti cholesterol chochepa kwambiri ndi chachilendo. Ngati muli pachiopsezo cha matenda a mtima, yesetsani mayesero awa ali ndi zaka pafupifupi 30 ndipo, malinga ndi zotsatira, bwerezerani zaka 2-4 zilizonse.
Electrocardiogram
ECG imapereka mpata wofufuza ntchito ya mtima wanu. Mothandizidwa ndi magetsi omwe amamatira pachifuwa, manja ndi mapazi, adokotala amalemba zofuna zamagetsi zomwe zimadutsa pamtima. Pangani mtima wokhala ndi zaka zoposa 35 mpaka 40. Ngati chirichonse chiri mu dongosolo, ndiye kuti kafukufuku wachiwiri akhoza kuchitidwa zaka 3-5.
Kuyesa kupanikizika
Mayesowa amatsimikizira momwe mtima wanu ukugwiritsira ntchito zovuta, zomwe zikuwonetseratu za matenda omwe amatha kupangika. Pamene mukuyenda kapena kuthamanga pamtunda, zidziwitso zokhudzana ndi ntchito ya mtima zimakhazikitsidwa ndi magetsi omwe amaikidwa pachifuwa ndi chida choyesa. Ngati mwatopa mwamsanga nthawi zonse, muyenera kupanikizika.
5 zizolowezi zoipa pa mtima wanu
Pofuna kuchepetsa matenda a mtima, ngakhale kusintha kwakukulu
m'njira ya moyo ndi yofunika kwambiri. Mwa kusamalira anthu onse ozungulira, nthawi zambiri mumaiwala za zosowa zanu zomwe zingathe kuthetsa nkhawa. Zimadziwika kuti kupanikizika pamodzi ndi kusoŵa zakudya m'thupi ndi kusowa kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimakhudza kukula kwa matenda a mtima. Kotero, mu kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi asayansi ku yunivesite ya Florida, zinapezeka kuti kupsinjika maganizo kumapangitsa kuti odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima apse moyo. Ngati mutayamba kukhala ndi zizoloŵezi zomwe zimakuthandizani kulimbana ndi nkhawa ndi nkhawa, m'tsogolomu mungapewe chitukuko chopanikizika. Tsiku ndi tsiku, fufuzani nthawi yothandizira, khalani ndi mphindi khumi ndikusinkhasinkha kapena muthamangire pakiyi.
Mumadya mafuta owopsa
Amayi ambiri amamatira ku zakudya zochepa zomwe zimadyetsa mafuta, choncho amadalira ma cookie ochepa, mafuta osakaniza, kirimu - zakudya zonse zomwe zili ndi makilogalamu ambiri, koma ali ndi zakudya zochepa. Njira yabwino kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito mafuta odzola (monyowa, mafuta a maolivi ndi mtedza) ndi mafuta ophatikiza ndi mafuta (mafuta a nsomba, monga saumoni, komanso mtedza, mafuta a zitsamba, mafuta a zitsamba ndi mafuta a mpendadzuwa); Mafuta awa amathandiza kuchepetsa mafuta m'thupi komanso kumapangitsa kuti munthu asamamve bwino. Yesetsani kupeza 30% ya maola a tsiku ndi tsiku omwe ali ndi mafuta abwino ndi osachepera 7% - okhuta (mankhwala onse a mkaka, nyama yofiira ndi mafuta). Pewani kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta opangidwa (zokazinga, zakudya zopangidwira, margarine). Opezeka ndi mafuta a masamba, mafuta amtunduwu amawonjezera kuchuluka kwa cholesterol komanso kuchepetsa cholesterol.
Mukukhulupirira kuti zizoloŵezi zoipa zimaperekedwa ndi
Pepani, koma chifukwa chakuti mumadya zipatso zambiri ndi zamasamba sizikutanthauza kusuta ndi kusachita masewero olimbitsa thupi sikukhudza moyo wanu mwanjira iliyonse. Chinthu chilichonse choopsya chiyenera kuperekedwa mosiyana, madokotala amati.
Simudya mkaka
Kafukufuku waposachedwapa omwe asayansi a ku yunivesite ya Harvard adasonyeza kuti anthu omwe amadya mkaka ndi yogurt maulendo oposa atatu patsiku, angapo 36 peresenti yochepa amavutika chifukwa cha kuthamanga kwa magazi kusiyana ndi omwe amadya osachepera. Zikuoneka kuti zakudya zamtundu wa calcium zomwe mumadya zimapindula ndi maselo a calcium a mitsempha yosavuta, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ayambe kuchepa ndi kuwonjezeka, akatswiri akufotokoza. Zakudya za kashiamu ndi zakudya zina sizingakhale zofanana, chifukwa mkaka uli ndi potassium ndi magnesium, mchere zomwe zimathandiza kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa magazi.
Simukuwerenga mwatcheru makalata pazogulitsa
Mukhoza kuyang'ana kuchuluka kwa mafuta, mafuta, koma musamamve zina. Zambiri zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito mthupi zili ndi sodium yambiri. Choncho ngakhale pokhala otsika kwambiri, zimapweteka mitsempha yanu. Yesetsani kuti kudya kwa sodium sikupitirira 2,300 mg. Kuwonjezera apo, ngati mlingo wa shuga mu magazi anu ukuwonjezeka, muyenera kumvetsera kuchuluka kwa chakudya. Chofunika kwambiri, mankhwalawa ayenera kukhala ochepera 20 peresenti ya zakudya zomwe zimaperekedwa tsiku ndi tsiku ndi makilogalamu asanu ndi awiri. Potsirizira pake, pewani kudya zakudya zomwe zili ndi mafuta enaake omwe amatha kukhala ndi mafuta (kapena mafuta), ndipo onani kuti ngakhale zakudya zomwe ziri ndi ma gramu 0,5 a mafuta opatsirana, chizindikirocho chingasonyeze kuti palibe .