Malo obadwira maluwa awa ndi Africa. Amaryllis ndi chomera chotentha, nyengo yozizira yozizira komanso malo otseguka kuti zomera izi zisamaloledwe.
Pali mtundu wosakanizidwa wa chomera ichi, amatchedwa hippeastrums, maluwa ndi aakulu kwambiri, ndipo maluwa okha ndi owerengeka. Mbalamezi zimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira komanso mawonekedwe a babu. Mababu amasungidwa kwa nthawi yaitali m'malo ouma.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya amaryllis.
Amaryllis ali ndi mitundu imodzi yokha, nyumba yomwe ili South America - amaryllis ndi yokongola, kapena amaryllis belladonna (Amaryllis belladonna).
Amaryllis ndi wokongola kapena belladonna ili ndi tsache la 50-70 centimeter yomwe imachokera ku mababu a bulauni (kukula kwa mababu kungakhale kuchokera ku nkhonya). Masamba a chomerachi amawoneka kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira, kapena pakuyamba kwa kasupe. Maluwa onunkhira awiriwa amakhala oposa 8-12 masentimita, akhoza kukhala pinki, ofiira kapena oyera powasintha.
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya amaryllis:
- Durban - iyi ndi maluwa ofiira-carmine, okhala ndi udzu woyera;
- Pamwamba - zosiyanasiyana za amaryllis zili ndi maluwa oyambirira;
- Parker ndi zosiyanasiyana, maluwa omwe ndi pinki yakuda ndi chikasu;
- Cusa ndi mochedwa mosiyanasiyana, momwe maluwawo ali ndi pinki yakuya ndi mtundu wachikasu;
- Hathor - izi zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi maluwa oyera ndi utoto wachikasu;
- Zokongola za pinki - izi zimakhala ndi maluwa okongola a pinki mumtsinje woyera.
Kusamalira amaryllis.
Chimera amaryllis chimatengedwa maluwa odzichepetsa. Ngati mumatsatira malamulo ena osamalira mbewuyi, mutenga fungo la maluwa okongola omwe adzakhale pa maluwa. Mababu a amaryllis amabzalidwa mumphika kotero kuti osachepera 1/3 ya kutalika kwa babu akhoza kuwona pamwamba pa nthaka (nthaka iyenera kuti ikhale yothira), mukhoza kusiya 0-5 pa babu pamwambapa. Mu kasupe, nthawi yamera, chomeracho chimafuna kutentha ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa, kutentha kwa mpweya ndi 18-25 ° C pamwamba pa zero. Ngati nyengo ya zomera idayamba mu March, inflorescence idzakhala yowala kwambiri komanso yaikulu. Panthawi imeneyi, muvi umasonyezedwa kuchokera ku babu ndipo mwamsanga pamene singano ili kufika masentimita 10, amaryllis ayambe kumwa madzi.
Kuyamitsa msanga panthawiyi (kukula kwa zomera) masamba obiriwira amatha kukula, ndipo kukula kwa maluwawo kumathamangira, ndipo chifukwa chake, maluwa sadzakhala osakwanira komanso osakhalitsa.
Fukani amaryllis ndi madzi kutentha, zomwe ziyenera kutetezedwa pasadakhale. Mukamwetsa, onetsetsani kuti babu sakupeza madzi. Pakati pa zomera, zomera zimasowa feteleza. Timadyetsa kawiri, padzakhala mpumulo pakati pawo masiku khumi. Timathira moyenera ngati dothi luma.
Amaryllis amamera mpaka masamba atayamba kupanga. Kumapeto kwa maluwa, pamene peduncles imauma, masamba samakonzedwa, ndipo chomera chiyenera kupitirizidwa kudyetsedwa. Kukonzekera amaryllis kuti mupume, kuthirira ndi kuvala pamwamba ziyenera kuchepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri mukhoza kuzimwa. Panthawiyi, mphika umayenera kusunthira ku malo amdima ndi ozizira, ndi kutentha kwa mpweya wa 10 ° C.
Ngati nthawi ya kukula imakhala ndi nthawi yopumula (amatha miyezi itatu) ya amaryllis, maluwawo adzaphuka ndi kutuluka kwa nthawi yaitali, mwinamwake babu akutha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maluwa akhale osawuka, kapena ngakhale atha, kupatula kuti babu akhoza kusiya kupereka ana.
Amaryllis kusindikizidwa.
Popeza amaryllis ndi chomera chosatha, sikofunikira kuti muzipaka chaka chilichonse. Nthawi yabwino kwambiri yoikirako imawerengedwa zaka zitatu kapena zinayi, atangoyamba kumene kubereka ana akukula pang'ono, kuti athe kukhazikika okha atatha kulekanitsidwa ndi babu. Chomera sichitha kuziika, koma mosamala chotsani chingwe choyambirira cha pamwamba, ndikutsanulira muzitsulo zatsopano. Pamene mukukula, babu imakhala yoonekera kuchokera pansi, choncho chaka chilichonse mumphika muyenera kutsanulira nthaka kuti muzitha kuwonjezera babu ku msinkhu wakale.
Kujambula nyumbayi ndikofunikira pambuyo pa maluwa, ndipo maluwawo atatha. Munda wa zomera za bulbous ukhoza kugulidwa pa sitolo yapadera, kapena kuphika payekha.
Timatenga nthaka zotsatirazi mofanana: tsamba, sod, mchenga, humus ndi peat.
Amaryllis musanayambe kusamba kwa masiku atatu kapena anayi ayenera kukhala madzi okwanira. Mukamapatsa amaryllis mosamala, yang'anani mosamala babu, chotsani mzere wouma, chotsani mizu yovunda kapena yakale, ndipo muwalekanitse bwinobwino ana. Mu mphika, bulbu imodzi yokha imabzalidwa, mchenga umatsanulira pansi pa babu, izi sizilola mizu kuvunda. Samalani kuti pali ngalande yabwino. Mzere wa mphika umene amaryllis wabzalidwa ukhale woposa 6 masentimita a babu wobzalidwa.