Makangaza amakula osati kuti apeze zipatso zoyenera kudya, amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popangira zokongoletsa komanso kudula. Ma makangaza amapanga zitsamba, chifukwa zomera zimakhala ndi maluwa osiyanasiyana - zofiira, pinki, kirimu, zoyera, zotumbululuka. Magome aang'ono ali ndi mphukira yokwanira, kotero mukhoza kupereka thunthu ndi korona kulikonse - ndi chomera chabwino cha bonsai.
Kusamalira mbewu
Nyumba ya garnet imakhala yokongola kwambiri, choncho imamera bwino pafupi ndi mawindo akuyang'ana kum'mwera ndipo safuna shading. Komabe, pamasiku otentha ndi bwino kuti muteteze kuwala kwa dzuwa, madzulo.
M'chilimwe, kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa September, mbewuyo idzamverera bwino kunja. Kamtengo kamene kamangotenga kumene kamene kamene sikunapangidwe kwa dzuwa kwa nthawi yaitali chiyenera kukhala pang'onopang'ono chodziŵika ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa ndi kuwala, mwinamwake kungatenthe. M'nyengo yozizira, ndi bwino kusunga garnet m'chipinda chozizira chozizira.
Pa nyengo yokula, garnet imayenera kukhala m'chipindacho ndi kutentha kwa mpweya wa 20-25 ° C, kuyambira kuyambira nthawi yophukira, kutentha kumachepetsa. Nthaŵi yonse ya mbeuyo imatchulidwa ndipo imapezeka nthawi yozizira (pafupifupi mu November-February). M'nyengo yozizira, garnet imakonda chipinda chozizira komanso madzi osadziwika. Kuwonjezera apo, palibe cholakwika ndi chakuti m'nyengo yozizira masamba a chomera adzatuluka pang'ono. Wintering garnet iyenera kukhala kutentha kwa 5-10C, ngati kutentha kuli pamwamba pa 15C, ndiye chomera chikusowa kupopera mbewu. Mukhoza kusunga chomera pamtunda wapamwamba, komabe ngati chimakhala pamalo ozizira, m'chaka chake fruiting ndi maluwa zidzasintha. Mabomba akufunikira mpweya watsopano.
Pa nyengo yokula, zomera zimasowa madzi ochuluka. Kuthirira mabomba ndikofunikira pamene malo apamwamba a dziko lapansi amauma ndi madzi ofewa, okhazikika. Pa fruiting, mumatha kuthira kawiri pa tsiku. Pewani madzi okwanira kumapeto kwa August, panthawi imodzimodziyo musayambe kudya - ndikofunikira kuti mphukira zikule. Pambuyo kutaya masamba, kuthirira kumakhala kofewa kwambiri, kuti asapitirize kudula nthaka. Koma simungalekerere nthaka yowuma.
Garnet ndi chomera chimene chinyezi cha mpweya sichifunika.
Kudyetsa chomera ndi kofunikira m'nyengo yotentha. Choncho, kumayambiriro ndi kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe ndikofunikira kufalitsa feteleza ndi phosphorous ndi nayitrojeni, ndipo kumapeto kwa chilimwe - fetereza yomwe ili ndi potaziyamu.
Korona wa makangaza ayenera kukhazikitsidwa bwino, pokhapokha idzaphuka kwambiri kwambiri. Choncho, kumapeto kwa nyengo ndi bwino kuchotsa nthambi zouma, kudula anawo, kusiya awiri awiri pa masamba. M'chilimwe, mphukira yomwe imapangidwa pamunsi mwa mitengo ikuluikulu imakhalanso kudula. Kuonjezera apo, zaka zisanu zilizonse grenade iyenera kubwezeretsedwa - chifukwa imodzi mwa mitengo ikuluikulu yakale iyenera kuchotsedwa, kuikamo ndi mphukira yachinyamata ndi yamphamvu.
Garnet amatanthauza zomera mungu wochokera crosswise. Izi zikutanthauza kuti maluwa a mitundu yosiyanasiyana angapangidwe pa chomera chimodzi: ndi pestle yaifupi komanso yaitali pestle. Yoyamba mu mapangidwe a zipatso samagwira nawo mbali, ndipo yachiwiri mu mawonekedwe a pollination zipatso. Ngati mumakula makangaza makamaka chifukwa cha zipatso, osati maluwa, mutha kuchotsa maluwa bwinobwino ndi pestle yochepa kuti asachotse mphamvu kuchokera ku chomera. Mitengo ina ya makangaza siimangirira zipatso, koma imaphuka kwambiri - ndi mabomba okongoletsera.
Mabomba aang'ono ayenera kuikidwa chaka chilichonse, ndi akuluakulu - kamodzi pa zaka 2-4, ndikuchitanso patapita nthawi. Sikoyenera kuika chomeracho mu miphika yayikulu, chifukwa makangaza amakhuta bwino ngati mizu yake ili yochepa. Sakanizani makangaza mu mchenga wosasunthika komanso wathanzi (1h), humus (0.5h), masamba ndi nthaka (1 ora). Pansi pa mbale muyenera kuika ngalande yabwino.
Kubalanso nkhokwe
Kupaka nyumbayi kumafalitsa ndi cuttings, grafts ndi mbewu.
Kufesa mbewu zamasamba zimakhala bwino m'dzinja, koma n'zotheka komanso kumapeto kwa mchenga mumsanganizo ndi mchenga wofanana. Ngati kutentha kwa dziko kumakhala pafupi 22-25C, ndiye garnet idzaphuka mofulumira. Chomera mbande pamiphika 5-7-sentimita imodzi, kuthirira mochuluka. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kudula. Kumapeto kwa nyengo, zomera zimayenera kuikidwa mu miphika isanu ndi iwiri. Kukula mabrenje kumayambiriro kwa zaka, pang'onopang'ono, ndipo maluwawo amayamba zaka 5-8 zokha.
Ngati mukufuna kufalitsa mbewu mothandizidwa ndi cuttings, ndiye mudule iwo mu February kapena March kuchokera mphukira zakukhwima. Cuttings ayenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 10 m'litali. Bzalani pang'onopang'ono kutentha kapena kanyumba. Pambuyo pa rooting, yikani tizidulo mu miphika isanu ndi iwiri muzitsulo zotsatirazi: 1 gawo la mchenga, tsamba ndi dothi komanso 1/2 gawo humus. Kuonjezerapo, mutha kudula chomera m'nyengo ya chilimwe, pamene zidutswazo sizinayambe.
Mitundu yomwe imapangidwira kumunda imafalitsidwa ndi kuphatikizidwa, katunduyo ndi mbande. Maluwa amachulukira mwanjira imeneyi mabomba a zaka 3-4.
Zosatheka zovuta
- Chomera sichitha pachimake. Garnet wamba amayamba pachimake kwa zaka 5-7, ndipo amamera - kwa zaka 1-2. Kuwonjezera apo, mapangidwe a korona pa nyengo ya kukula akhoza kusokoneza maluwa, popeza maluwa amapanga kumapeto kwa mphukira.
- Masamba a makangaza amachititsa chikasu n'kugwa. Izi ndi zachilendo, chifukwa garnet ndi shrub yamadzi. M'nyengo yozizira ndi bwino kusunga malo ozizira. Masamba angagwe ndi pang'ono.
- Nthambi za mbewu zimaphwanya. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti nthambi za makangaza zimakhala zofooka komanso zochepa ndipo nthawi zonse sizilimbana ndi kulemera kwa chipatso chokhwima. Pofuna kugwedeza nthambi sizimasweka, zithandizani ndi zovuta.
- Pa nyengo yokula, masambawa ali ndi mabala a bulauni ndipo amagwa. Izi zikusonyeza kuti chomeracho chinali chododometsa. Kuti mupange mphukira zatsopano, muzitsuka bwino makangaza.
- Chipatso cha makangaza a makangaza. Izi zikhoza kuchitika chifukwa chimodzi - kutaya mochuluka kwa nthaka panthawi ya fruiting.
- Mbewu ya makangaza siimere. Kufesa ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mbewu zatsopano, zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa posachedwapa. Iwo sayenera kukhala nayo nthawi yoti aziuma.
- Chiwerengero chochepa cha zipatso zokhala ndi maluwa ambiri. Zipatso zimangopangidwa kuchokera ku maluwa omwe ali ndi thalala. Maluwa okhala ndi tizilombo tafupipafupi amafalikira ndipo potsiriza amagwa.