Kwa ambiri, chitetezo champhamvu chimakhalabe chodabwitsa. Koma ichi ndi chisonyezero chachikulu cha thanzi, maganizo ndi zamoyo zonse. Kutetezeka kwa chitetezo (kuchokera ku Latin immunitas - "kumasulidwa") kumatanthauza chitetezo, kutaya thupi kuchokera ku matenda opatsirana osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ntchito zawo zofunika, kuchokera ku ziphe ndi maselo otupa. Mwachidule, kuchokera ku chirichonse chomwe chingakhoze kuvulaza.
Chitetezo cha mthupi chimayimilidwa ndi matupi enieni, muzinthu zambiri zikufanana ndi chitetezo cha dziko.
Amagawanika ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magulu ankhondo. Ziwalo za chitetezo cha mthupi zimagawidwa mwapadera (pamene maselo a chitetezo cha thupi amatengedwa ")" ndi "akuchiwiri" (komwe "amagwira ntchito").
Ziwalo zikuluzikulu ndi thymus ndi msuzi wofiira mafupa. Maselo akuluakulu a chitetezo chokwanira ndi ma lymphocytes. Amatumizidwa ku malo apamwamba a maphunziro (thymus). Izi ndizo "maselo ophunzitsidwa" - T-lymphocytes, kuchokera ku T (thymus), mosiyana ndi ma B-lymphocyte (ochokera B-bursa), omwe amatchedwa thumba la fakitale mu mbalame, ngakhale kuti anthu ali ndi udindo wochita ndi marrow wofiira, Mapuloteni amathandizira kupanga ma antibodies, mapuloteni a magazi a seramu, omwe amatetezera mwachindunji thupi kuchokera ku tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. "Maphunziro" mu thymus amayenera kutulutsa gawo la T-lymphocytes kuti athe kuzindikira odwala, kuphatikizapo mabakiteriya. Ili ndi dongosolo la mtundu wanzeru.
Ambiri a T-lymphocyte amakhala opha (opha), amawononga othandizira adani awo omwe maselo a scout adziwa. Otsala T-lymphocytes amachita ntchito yoyendetsa: Othandizira (othandizira) othandizira (othandizira) amateteza chitetezo, samangodziwa chabe alendo, komanso ochimwa omwe ali awo. Zokhumudwitsa zoterezi, mwachitsanzo, maselo otupa. Othandiza amalengeza pakati - selo labadwanso, lasanduka mdani ndipo lingayambe njira yopanga chotupa cha khansa. Poyankha chizindikirochi, opha T alikutumizidwa kwa "wotsutsa" ndikupha. Palinso suppressor lymphocytes (kuchokera ku Chingerezi - "kupondereza"), zomwe zimachotsa chitetezo cha mthupi pambuyo poti alendo ndi osakhulupirika aperekedwa opanda vuto. Apo ayi opha opweteka akhoza kutentha ndi inertia ndi maselo achibadwidwe.
Mankhwala a mtundu wina (neutrophils) amapanga mzere woyamba wa chitetezo. Zili ngati alonda a m'mphepete mwa nyanja omwe ali oyamba kukumana ndi anthu osadziwika, kuphatikizapo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amalowa mkati mwazirombo kapena pakhungu. "Alonda a m'mipando" amatsanso malo owonongeka ndi ovulazidwa kuchokera ku maselo omwe anafa mopanda malire ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, komanso ku "erythrocyte" akale. Mwinamwake aliyense wamvapo za interferon, omwe tsopano, ndithudi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu matenda a tizilombo. Kodi interferon ndi chiyani? Ndi otsika maselo olemera mapuloteni ndi antiviral katundu. Amayamba kubala maselo omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Interferon imaletsa kuchulukitsa kwa mavairasi m'maselo, ndipo imatenga maselo aufulu ndipo salola anthu akunja kupita kumeneko. Pali mtundu wa leukocyte (eosinophils) umene ukhoza kuthandizira kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kukulitsa thupi, komanso kuchitapo kanthu. Iwo amawatcha anzawo anzawo kuti awathandize, ndipo chotero chiwerengero chawo mu magazi chikuwonjezeka.
Ziwalo zachiwiri za chitetezo ndi ntchentche, zamagazi, matoni, adenoids, zowonjezereka, mapuloteni a mitsempha. Iwo, ngati maselo a chitetezo chokwanira, amabalalika m'thupi lonse. Izi ndizosavuta kumva zokhudza machitidwe a chitetezo cha mthupi. Koma zidzatithandiza kumvetsetsa mabuku otchuka okhudzana ndi thanzi komanso kumvetsetsa momwe tingakhalire ndi chitetezo cha iwo eni, makamaka ana.
Mayeza ndi maantibiotiki
Mitundu ina ya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono (lactococci, enterococci, micrococci, bifidobacteria) imateteza thupi lathu ku zotsatira zoipa za mazira, mankhwala oopsa ndi khansa. Chifukwa cha zikhalidwe za tizilombo toyambitsa tizilomboti, asayansi adalenga biologics kuti apititse mkaka wa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi mankhwala ochizira mkaka. Amatchedwa probiotics. Ndipotu, miyambo ya tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timeneti ndi amodzi, omwe anatumizidwa kuti apange malo atsopano m'matumbo. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timateteza thupi kwa alendo. Kukonzekera kwakukulu tsopano kwakhazikitsidwa, kuphatikizapo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi zinthu zomwe zimalimbikitsa kukula. Zinthu zoterezi zimatchedwa prebiotics. Izi zikuphatikizapo zakudya zamagetsi, pectins, mavitamini ndi mavitamini, komanso polysaccharides ndi mapuloteni. Amapemphedwa kuti apange zikhalidwe zabwino kwa amwenye, kuti awathandize kupeza malo atsopano komanso kukhala ammudzi m'malo osiyanasiyana m'matumbo. Zinthu zothandiza kwambiri, maantibiobioti, alibe zokwanira pa zakudya zokonzedweratu, zokonzeka kudya, monga porridges panthawi ndi panthawi, mbatata yosenda, jellies, timadziti. Zokonzedwa bwino ndizo zabwino kwa ana okha, omwe njira zawo zowonjezera zimangopangidwanso ndipo sitingathe kupirira momwe zimawonongera zakudya zonse zakuthupi. Mavuto a tizilombo toyambitsa matendawa ndi mankhwala (ma probiotics ndi maantibiobiotiki) amagwiritsidwa ntchito popindulitsa mkaka wochokera ku mkaka ndipo amachokera ku kefirbiobalanses, zakumwa ndi zowonjezera zamasamba, ndi zina zotero. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo amagwiritsidwa ntchito malinga ndi lamulo la dokotala la dysbacteriosis, ndipo mkaka wowawasa womwe umakhudzidwa ndi miyambo ya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda imathandizanso ana omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino kuti akhale ndi "m'mimba".
Omanga mapuloteni
Zindikirani: zinthu zonse za chitetezo cha m'thupi ndi matupi a mapuloteni. Choncho, kumanga kwawo ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi mapuloteni mu zakudya zowonjezera.
Zakuloteni zamtunduwu ziyenera kukhala zodzaza, zomwe zili ndi zida zonse za amino acid.
Nyama iyi, mkaka ndi mkaka, mazira, nsomba. Kodi chimachitika ndi chiyani mwanayo atapatsidwa mankhwala osungirako nyama m'malo mwake, m'malo mwa tchizi, tchizi, dzuwa lotsatira m'malo mwa nsomba? Mwachidziwikire, kusowa kwa zipangizo zomangira zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa kutetezedwa kwa chitetezo cha mthupi, zidzakhudza mphamvu zawo.
Kuteteza mwanayo
Kusatetezeka kwa thupi la mwana ku matenda kwadziwika kwa nthawi yaitali. "Moyo wa mwana wosapitirira zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri umapachikidwa ndi ulusi," iwo amati mmbuyomu, ndithudi, mdziko lamakono zinthu zasintha kwambiri.
Pa nthawi ya chiwopsezo chachikulu cha kupuma kwa tizilombo, tengani decoction ya galu anawuka tsiku ndi tsiku! Muli, kuphatikiza pa vitamini C, palinso phindu la beta-carotene, ndi provitamin A.