Antioxidants ndi zinthu zomwe zimateteza munthu ku mpweya wokhazikika, komanso zowonongeka kwaulere. Amalowa m'thupi, kawirikawiri ndi chakudya. Chifukwa cha katundu wake, n'zotheka kupeza mankhwala odzola zodzoladzola.
Mfundo yakuti antioxidants imatsitsimutsa sizitsimikiziridwa. M'malo mwake amateteza zodzoladzola zokha kuchokera ku zowonjezera zakuthambo mlengalenga. Ma antioxidants ambiri ali ndi mamolekyu aakulu ndipo sangalowe m'thupi kudzera pakhungu. Kugwiritsa ntchito mwachindunji zinthu zimenezi pakhungu sikulepheretsanso ukalamba, chifukwa ayenera kulowa m'thupi kuchokera mkati.
Zatsimikiziridwa kale kuti antioxidants ali ndi machiritso, amathetsa kutentha ndikupanga cholepheretsa kuwala kwa ultraviolet. Choncho, njira zabwino zogwiritsira ntchito zinthuzi zimatha kupangidwa ndi khungu, zowonongeka, zowonongeka zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakhungu pambuyo poyang'ana.
Antioxidants otchuka kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zodzoladzola ndi: coenzyme Q10, selenium, mavitamini monga A, C, E, F, lipoic acid, carotenoids (lycopene ndi β-carotene), bioflavonoids.
Vitamini C (popanda - ascorbic asidi) - antioxidant iyi imasungunuka m'madzi. Kukhalapo kwake mu zodzoladzola kumapangidwira kuteteza khungu ku zotsatira za kuwala kwa ultraviolet, kumayendetsa machiritso a mabala, kumapangitsa kupanga collagen pakhungu, kuchepetsa ukalamba.
Vitamini E (a-tocopherol) - amasungunuka m'mafuta. Dzina lina la vitamini iyi ndi vitamini la achinyamata. Imodzi mwa magwero ofunika kwambiri a vitamini iyi ndi mafuta a tirigu omwe amapezeka ku zodzoladzola. Ali ndi vitamini mu mafuta a masamba, omwe amapezeka ndi ozizira ozizira, mu tirigu ndi kumera mbewu.
Carotenoids (lycopene, β-carotene, retinol, etc.) imathetsanso m'mafuta. Zinthu zimenezi zimafulumira kuchiritsa mabala, kuteteza khungu ku ultraviolet, kuthetsa kuyanika ndi kuyang'ana khungu. Iwo ali mu malalanje ndi ofiira ofiira a zomera. Amakhala ndi mafuta ochulukirapo komanso mafuta omwe amapezeka mu nyanja ya buckthorn, kaloti, mbatata, amatha kupezeka mu mafuta a kanjedza.
Bioflavonoids (chomera polyphenols), dzina lawo lina - phytoestrogens, chifukwa ndizofanana ndi maestrojeni a anthu, zokha ndizo zochokera ku zomera. Iwo ali mu buluu, komanso mtundu wobiriwira wa zomera. Phytoestrogens ya mtundu wina amatha kupezeka nthawi zonse m'madzi a zitsamba.
Superoxide dismutase (SOD)
Enzyme imeneyi imalepheretsa mpweya wabwino. Kukonzekera zodzoladzola, SODs za zomera, nyama kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timagwiritsidwa ntchito. Puloteni imeneyi imapezeka mu zomera zotsatirazi: tiyi wobiriwira, mphiri yamchere, nyanja ya buckthorn, mabokosi a akavalo, ginkgo biloba, ndi zina zotero.
Coenzyme Q
Molekyu imeneyi imathandiza kupanga mphamvu mu mitochondria (maselo amphamvu a selo), imakhala ndi antioxidant, komanso imateteza kuwonongeka kwa okosijeni ku mitochondria. Molekyu imeneyi imaphatikizidwira ku zodzoladzola zotsutsa.
Vitamini F ndi kuphatikiza kwa unsaturated mafuta acids (arachidonic, linoleic, linolenic), yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala okongoletsera omwe amawathandiza kuti azidya bwino, kuyeretsa khungu, makamaka ngati khungu limakwiya, louma, ndi zizindikiro zoonekeratu za wilting. Pakati pa 3-7%, vitamini imathandiza kulimbikitsa ntchito zotetezera za epidermis, kubwezeretsa mphamvu ya hydrolipid, choncho khungu limatenthedwa, ndipo kuphulika kwake kumawonjezeka.
Panthenol (vitamini B5) - yanena kuti anti-inflammatory effect. Amaphatikizidwa ku ndalama zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zisamalire khungu lamoto komanso lopsa mtima, kuphatikizapo njira zodzikongoletsera. Chimakhalanso gawo la shampo ndi mabala a tsitsi, ana ndi zowonjezera kutentha kwa dzuwa, ndi zina zotero.
Selenium ndi chinthu chofunikira pa ntchito ya glutathione peroxidase. Zodzoladzola nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo madzi otentha, omwe ali ndi selenium kapena maselo a selenium ndi cysteine ndi methionine. Njira zoterezi zimathandiza kuchepetsa khungu, komanso kuthetsa mkwiyo.