Mankhwala oyambirira (penicillin) anapezeka mu 1928. Kenaka anapanga chisokonezo ndipo nthawi yomweyo anakhala mliri wa matenda onse. Zambiri zasintha zaka zambiri. Mankhwala ambiri a antibacterial aonekera, ndipo malingaliro awo kwa iwo akhala akuzizira. Tsopano nthawi zambiri amalankhula za zotsatira za mankhwalawa. Komabe, iwo sayenera kuchita mantha (komabe, komanso kuwameza iwo ndi mphuno pang'ono ndi kupopera). Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa maantibayotiki sikudutsa thupi popanda tsatanetsatane, ndipo kwa mwana kwambiri. Komabe, zimachitika kuti munthu sangathe kuchita popanda iwo. Pamene akufunikira, katswiri yekha angathe kusankha. Adzakhalanso ndi mankhwala omwe mwana amafunikira ndipo adzasankha njira yothandizira.
Mabakiteriya adzatha
Ngati katswiri wa ana akuyambitsa antibiotics kwa makanda, nthawi zonse pali chifukwa. Katswiri weniweni nthawi zonse amayeza magawo oopsa ndipo samapereka mankhwala osokoneza bongo pachabe. Choncho musayese kuthetsa vutoli mwa kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala a zitsamba. Ngakhale ndalamazi ndi kulimbikitsa thupi, koma mabakiteriya sagwira ntchito. Kuchedwa kwa mankhwala kungayambitse vuto la mwanayo. Pali zochitika pamene maantibayotiki ndiwo mbali yofunikira kwambiri ya mankhwala.
Poizoni ndi poizoni. Nthawi zina tizilombo timachulukira molimbika kwambiri kuti amaipitsa thupi ndi mankhwala a ntchito yawo yofunikira. Choncho, tetanasi, botulism ndi diphtheria zimafuna kuchipatala mwamsanga ndi mankhwala amphamvu.
Nthawi yayitali ya matendawa. Ngati kachilombo ka bakiteriya kakadandaula mwanayo mobwerezabwereza, ndiye kuti kutupa sikungathetsedwe (mwa atsikana kungakhale cystitis). Maantibayotiki adzathetsa chifukwa cha matenda, kumuthandiza mwanayo.
Matenda opatsirana. Matenda otitis, chibayo, pyelonephritis, sinusitis, follicular matonillitis - matenda ofanana popanda mankhwala ochiritsika sangathe kuchiritsidwa. Katswiri adzawaika pa nthawi yovuta ya matendawa, kenako adzawatsitsimutsa ndi zodwala ndi zitsamba.
Nthawi yopuma. Njira iliyonse yopaleshoni imafooketsa thupi. Zimakhala zosavuta kwa majeremusi. Kuti ateteze mwanayo kuntchito yotupa, madokotala amalimbikitsa kupereka mankhwala opha tizilombo kwa ana. Ndikofunika kuti mupeze mankhwala odzaza. Monga lamulo, njira yopeza ndalama izi zimatenga masiku atatu mpaka asanu. Pazovuta kwambiri, mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatenga masiku khumi.
8 mfundo zothandizira maantibayotiki
Maantibayotiki amafuna mankhwala osalimba. Pali zovuta zomwe muyenera kuziganizira pamene mukuyamba kupereka antibiotics kwa khanda. Ndiye mukhoza kuyembekezera zotsatira zofulumira.
1. Musapereke antibayotiki popewera! Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timatha kusintha machitidwe a mankhwala. Zotsatira zake, zimakhala zopanda phindu. Musaiwale kuti njira iliyonse ya antibayotiki imachepetsa chitetezo cha thupi.
2. Gwiritsani ntchito njira yothetsera dokotalayo. Mwanayo anali ndi pakhosi ndipo iwe unathamangira ku mankhwala kwa antibiotic yomwe inamulanditsa iye ku vuto ili nthawi yatha. Izi ndi zolakwika! Ndipotu, katswiri wa ana okha ndiye angadziwe ndi zizindikiro zomwe tizilombo tina tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayambitsa vutoli, ndipo tidziwa momwe tingawathandizire. Ndi mawonetseredwe ofanana a matenda osiyanasiyana, ayenera kuchitidwa njira zosiyanasiyana.
3. Perekani mavitamini. Amakhulupirira kuti mankhwala oletsa antibacterial amathandizidwa ndi mavitamini. Ndipotu, izi siziri choncho. Ndipotu, sichimathandiza thupi la mwanayo, komanso limapatsa mphamvu mabakiteriya. Zotsatira zake, tizirombo timakhala otanganidwa kwambiri pokana mankhwala.
4. Musayime mankhwala. Pa tsiku la 2-3 mutangoyamba kumene maphunziro a antibacterial, mwanayo adakula bwino? Mkulu! Koma musamathetse maantibayotiki mwanzeru, mwinamwake matendawa ayamba kulimbitsa malowo.
5. Werengani malangizo. Phunzirani mosamalitsa mfundo yomwe imasonyezedwa, ndi mankhwala kapena mankhwala omwe sagwirizana. Zikhoza kukhala madzi, mkaka wamkaka kapena mkaka.
6. Yang'anani mwatsatanetsatane ndandanda. Mankhwala ena ayenera kuperekedwa ndi ora. Kuti musasokoneze, lembani nthawi yomwe mutenga izi kapena mankhwala ndipo muzitsatira ndondomekoyi.
7. Penyani kuchuluka kwake. Musawonjezere kapena kuchepa mlingo wa mankhwala. Poonetsetsa kuti magawowa anali olondola kwa milligram, gwiritsani ntchito zikho kapena makapu. Ojambula amawaika m'kati mwa mankhwalawa.
8. Samalani. Onetsetsani mmene thupi la mwana limakhudzidwira ndi mankhwala komanso momwe angaperekere maantibayotiki - makanda amakhala ofunika kwambiri ndipo nthawi yomweyo amavomereza zochita zawo. Kawirikawiri patsiku mwana amadya ndi chilakolako chachikulu, masewera ndi zosangalatsa, kugona tulo kumabwerera kwa iye. Ngati mkati mwa masiku awiri mulibe kusintha, funsani dokotala wa ana. Mwinamwake, wamng'onoyo adzafunika mankhwala osokoneza kwambiri. Pambuyo pa mankhwala, zinyenyesayo zimafuna zakudya zomwe zimabwezeretsanso m'mimba ya microflora.