M'zaka za m'ma 1600 nkhaka zinkafika ku Russia ndipo kuyambira nthawi imeneyo anthu akhala akuzikonda ndikuziyika pakati pa zakudya zomwe amakonda. Ndipo mankhwala amtunduwu amagawira nkhaka ngati chithandizo cholimbikitsa. Olemba akale analemba kuti nkhaka ikhoza kuthetsa ludzu lanu.
Kuyambira nthawi zakale, nkhaka ndizofunika kwambiri, monga umboni wa nzeru, mankhwala owerengeka, ndi maholide amtundu woperekedwa kwa nkhaka, kuchitika m'malo osiyanasiyana a ku Russia.
Nkhaka pafupifupi alibe chifuwa, chifukwa mulibe zopanda pake zowonongeka, kotero zimatha kudyedwa ngakhale ndi anthu omwe akudwala matenda osiyanasiyana.
Nkhaka: zothandiza katundu
Chinthu choyamba chimene ndikufuna kudziwa ndikuti nkhaka ndi masamba okoma. Komanso, chifukwa m'mimba sizowopsa, komanso zimalola munthu kuti aziyang'anira zakudya zake. Madzi mu nkhaka 95%, kotero kuti ziphuphu zochokera ku zakudya zotere sizimangidwe. Chifukwa chake, nkhaka amapanga zakudya zophweka komanso zathanzi. Ndipo ngati mukufuna kuthetsa ziphuphu, zidzakhala zokwanira kukhala pansi pa oatmeal ndi nkhaka.
Madzi omwe ali mumkombero ayenera kuuzidwa mwatsatanetsatane. Tangozindikira kuti nkhakazo zimazimitsa njala (liwu lake limatambasula makoma a m'mimba, motero limapereka mphamvu yokhutira), koma izi sizothandiza kwambiri mu "madzi amphamvu" a nkhaka. Lingaliro la kutaya mapaundi owonjezera ndi losavuta: ichi ndi chiwerengero chochepa cha ma calories ndipo kuwonjezeranso kumverera kwachisomo. Komabe, madzi a nkhaka ali ndi phindu lalikulu kuposa momwe angawonekere poyamba.
Madzi omwe ali mumkango ndi masewera amtundu, omwe amatha kugawanika kwambiri. Ndicho chifukwa chake masambawa amapindulitsa kwa poizoni zosiyanasiyana. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku kwa masamba abwino kwambiri kumathandiza kuyeretsa thupi, komanso kuchotsa ziphe zomwe zinadza chifukwa cha ntchito yofunikira.
Ndi tsiku ndi tsiku mumagwiritsa ntchito madzi a nkhaka, mumachepetsa chiwerengero cha miyala mu bile komanso ndulu chikhodzodzo. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti musapitirire, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa madzi a nkhaka kungayambitse kuyenda kwa miyala, yomwe ili ndi mavuto.
Chinthu chofunikira ndi kukhalapo kwa ion sodium ndi potassium mu nkhaka, zomwe zimalimbitsa mphamvu zake zowonongeka. Mu nkhaka ya mbatata, zochuluka kwambiri kuposa sodium (17: 1), zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka kosalekeza koma kofatsa.
Chifukwa cha nkhaka, zinthu zowononga zimachotsedwa mthupi, chifukwa madzi ali mumkango, amachepetsa poizoni (amachepetsa ndondomeko yawo), ndipo chifukwa cha kusintha kwa diuretic iwo amatuluka mwamphamvu thupi. Kuwonjezera apo, nkhaka zamasamba zimatulutsa bwino (ndiko, zimatenga) ziphe zomwe zapezeka m'matumbo.
Zonsezi zapamwamba, zotsatira zowonongeka ndi potassium saturation zimapangitsa nkhaka kukhala chakudya chofunikira kwa anthu omwe akudwala matenda a mtima, kuphatikizapo kutupa.
Nkhaka zambiri zimaphatikizapo mavitamini a gulu B, vitamini C (ascorbic acid), mchere wambiri, iron, phosphorus, calcium. Nkhaka ndibwezeretsa kubwezeretsa, choncho ndizofunikira kwambiri pa catarrh pamutu wapumtima, chifuwa chachikulu.
Zotsatira za nkhaka mu chifuwa chachikulu zimalimbikitsidwa ndi kuti nkhaka imadya bwino kwambiri ndi mapuloteni kuchokera ku chakudya, kotero kuti nkhaka ya salaka ndi yabwino kwambiri komanso yothandiza kwambiri kudya nsomba kapena nyama.
Makilogalamu 100 a nkhaka ali ndi 3mg ya ayodini, izi ndizochepa, koma chithokomiro cha pafupifupi chithokomiro chimakhudza kwambiri ayodini omwe ali mu nkhaka, zomwe zimateteza matenda a chithokomiro.
Kuwonjezera apo, nkhaka ili ndi katundu omwe angathandize kusintha kagayidwe kamene kagayidwe kathupi m'thupi.
Mbewu iyi ndi yotsika kwambiri, ili ndi folic acid, yomwe imachepetsa chilakolako. Nkhaka zili ndi insulini ngati zinthu zomwe zimalimbikitsa kuika shuga m'magazi, kuteteza kusintha kwa mafuta ku mafuta, kotero kuti nkhaka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi kilo wambiri komanso polimbana ndi shuga.
Koma izi siziri zonse zochiritsira zomwe nkhaka zili nazo.
Mu chiwerengero cha nkhaka puree zambiri zowonjezera, zomwe zimapangitsa m'mimba peristalsis ndi mokoma zimapangitsa kutupa, kotero pamene colitis ndi zothandiza kudya nkhaka.
Zodzikongoletsera katundu wa nkhaka
Nkhaka madzi:
- kumatulutsa khungu bwino;
- kumacha khungu;
- kumayeretsa khungu;
- kumachepetsa pores;
- amateteza ku dzuwa.
Ngati khungu limakhala ndi ziphuphu ndi ziphuphu, ndiye kuti muyenera kudya hafu ya ola musanadye katatu patsiku kuti mudye nkhaka imodzi yamkati ndi khungu komanso opanda mchere.
Ndi zovuta za edema edema (kapena mwa njira yosavuta, matumba pamaso), m'pofunika kupanga mapulogalamu (mafomu ayenera kupangidwa pamwamba pa maso omwe ali pafupi ndi maso) kuchokera ku madzi atsopano a nkhaka kwa mphindi 15, ndipo phokoso lidzatha, pokhapokha ngati chifukwa cha maonekedwe awo sichidali matenda aakulu.