Udindo wa zidulo zamtundu wa thupi la munthu.
Kodi fatty acids ndi chiyani? Izi ndizidulo zakuda zomwe zimapangidwa ndi masamba ndi zinyama. Amagwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa zidulo za thupi, mphamvu zimapangidwanso, komanso mapuloteni, chifukwa ma acidi amachititsa kupanga ziwalo, zomwe zimapanga mafupa a maselo ndi zinyama. Mwamtheradi mafuta onse acids amagawanika kukhala unsaturated ndi saturated. Zowonjezera zambiri zowonjezera mafuta osatetezedwa, chifukwa zimapanga zinthu zogwira ntchito za prostaglandins ndikuwonetsa mwachindunji ntchito ya metabolism.
Zakudya zamatenda zimapangidwira m'chiwindi, m'makoma a matumbo, m'matumbo ndi mafuta, mu mafupa ndi mafupa ena. Mafuta amchere amachitanso mbali ya mitundu yosiyana kwambiri ya lipids: phosphatides, glycerides, waxes, cholesterol, ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimagwira ntchito yogwira ntchito.
Kodi amatchedwa oleic acid? Udindo wa zidulo m'thupi la munthu.
Mafuta a oleic ndi mafuta olemera kwambiri omwe sakhala ndi mono acid, omwe ndi mbali ya mafuta (lipids) omwe amagwira nawo ntchito yomanga, ndipo amadziwika bwino kwambiri. Njira yothetsera oleic acids mu lipids yomwe imapangidwira mthupi ndi mafuta ena acids kwambiri imasintha chilengedwe cha membranes, chotchedwa permeability. Kukhalapo kwa zikuluzikulu zamchere zofanana m'matumba a mafuta amtundu wa anthu kumateteza chitetezo cha lipids kuchokera ku okosijeni ndi mankhwala ochepa a antioxidants.
Oleic acid, makamaka, ndi mafuta omwe amatha kusinthika, mwachitsanzo, m'maselo m'chiwindi cha munthu. Koma ma oleic acid, ndi zonsezi, ndi amodzi mwa acidi omwe amapezeka m'mafuta a zakudya. Oleic asidi amathandiza kwambiri anthu. Mafuta, omwe ma oleic acid akuwonjezeka, ali otupa kwambiri. Mu mankhwala, ngakhale mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito, malinga ndi momwe oleic acid ndi linetol.
M'makampani, oleic acid amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga maziko opangira zovala, varnishes, mafuta ouma, ma enamel, mapulogalamu. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito monga pulasitiki mankhwala mu zonunkhira, ndi salt zake - mu zotupa.
Acidi iyi ndi gwero la mphamvu kwa thupi, monga mafuta ena acids. Mphamvu zimatulutsidwa ndi okosijeni a mafuta oleic acids pambuyo posiyana ndi majekesi omwe amachititsa kuti madzi asakanike. Kuphatikizidwa kwa zidulozi zimayambitsidwa ndi mpweya wapadera wotchedwa oxygenase, umene umapezeka mu mafuta amtundu ndi chiwindi.
Mafuta a oleic acids amapangidwa kuchokera ku mafuta a maolivi pakapita khungu kambirimbiri pamapeto pa lipids. Kutsimikiza kwa kuchuluka kwa chilengedwe cha oleic acid kumapangidwa ndi gasi-madzi chromatography.
Mtengo wa oleic acid mu zakudya zaumunthu.
Mafuta a nyama, oleic acid amawerengera 40 peresenti ya mtengo wa acids onse, ndipo pafupifupi mafuta onse a masamba - pafupifupi 30%. Olemera kwambiri mu oleic acids, mafuta a maolivi ndi mafuta a mandimu.
Mafuta a oleic amasinthasintha, ngakhale kuti kudya zakudya zaumunthu kumawonedwa kuti ndibwino kwambiri, zomwe ziri pafupi kwambiri ndi zomwe zili m'mafuta a anthu. Izi ndi zomwe zimalepheretsa kubwezeretsa mafuta a acid acid a lipids akubwera ndi chakudya, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sipadzakhalanso zonyansa zofunikira ndi mphamvu mu thupi la munthu.
Zakudya zabwino za mafuta oleic acid ndi chakudya zimaperekedwa poyang'ana njira zodyera zakudya, monga momwe zakudya za anthu ziŵiri ziŵiri ziyenera kukhala nyama, ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a masamba. Pachifukwa ichi, zakudyazo zidzakhala ndi 40% oleic acid. Pambuyo pa kutentha kwa mafuta olemera kwambiri oleic acid, iwo sagwidwa ndi okosijeni kusiyana ndi mafuta ena. Izi ndizofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta mu kutentha kwa zinthu zina kuchokera ku chimanga, mbatata, etc., komanso kutsanulira chakudya chamzitini.
Pambuyo pa hydrogenation ya mafuta a masamba, ma trans-oleic acids amapangidwa kuti apange mafuta oyenerera margarines. Izi zowopsya, monga oleic acid, zimatengedwera bwino ndi thupi la munthu, koma zochepa kwambiri mu malo otayika mafuta.
Oleic acids ndi ofunikira kuti thupi likhale loyenera.