Davallia ndi chomera chosatha, chomwe chimakhala chokwawa, chamoyo, chophatikizana, chokhala ndi masikelo osiyanasiyana. Masamba a chomerawo amagawidwa mofanana, amphamvu, otsika, ofewa, amatha kukhala osiyana mosiyana kuchokera ku katatu mpaka ochepa. Chifukwa cha maonekedwe a masamba, davallia amatchedwa phazi la kalulu. Petiolus yaitali, yosalala. Sporangia, yomwe ili pamwamba pa mitsempha yaulere; Chigoba chikufalikira pamphepete mwa masamba.
Mitengo yowonjezera davaliya (nsalu ya haremu) imakula bwino ngati mawonekedwe a ampel, popeza ma rhizomes aubweya wonyezimira a mphika wawo amawoneka osasangalatsa. Ndi chithandizo cha davallia ndi bwino kulenga nyimbo za epiphytic.
Mitundu ya davallia.
Canary davaliya - chomera chosatha chosatha (chomwe chimatchedwanso Canarian Trichomanes). Amakula ku North Africa, Iberia Peninsula, Canary Islands. The rhizome ya chomera ndi lakuda, molunjika, yokutidwa ndi zotanuka subulate masamba a bulauni mtundu. Masambawa ndi ofewa, maulendo anayi, amatalika mpaka kufika mamita 30-45 masentimita, m'lifupi mwake masentimita 22-30. Masamba ali ndi chitetezo, serrate, dissected, oval-rhomboid. Petiolus molunjika, imakula mpaka mamita masentimita 10-20. Sporangia ndizosawerengeka, zosonkhanitsidwa pamwamba, zowonjezera, zophimba. Maonekedwe okongoletsera. Chipinda chozizira ndi choyenera chomera ichi.
Dense davaliya - chomera chosatha chosatha. Dziko lachilengedweli ndi Polynesia, Australia, Malay Malay, Malacca Peninsula. Mphunoyi ndi yoonda, yoonda, yophimbidwa ndi filiform. Masamba ali ochuluka kwambiri, katatu, m'litali amakula mpaka 30-50 masentimita, kufika 15-25 sentimita. Mapepala ofanana, apamwamba kwambiri; dentate, wosabala wothira; Zomera ndi sporangium imodzi pa lobe iliyonse.
Quark a bulauni, glossy, kutalika kufika masentimita 30. Mitundu yokongoletsa kwambiri ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chomera cha ampel. Kulima, kanyumba ndi ofunda ndi ofunika.
Bubble davalya - osatha chomera. Dziko lachilengedweli ndi Asia, China ndi Japan. Ali ndi rhizome zokwawa, zokhala ndi tsitsi lofiirira. Mu davallia amtunduwu amasiya katatu, kapena nthawi zinayi zowonongeka, kutalika kufika 20-25 masentimita, m'lifupi mwake masentimita 15. Maafesiwa amagawidwa kwambiri, ammimba, masamba apamwamba sali pamphepete. Pamwamba pa tsamba amagawana sporangia. Chomeracho chimakhala ndi goblet. Maonekedwe okongola kwambiri. Kulima, malo ofunda ndi ofunda ndi abwino.
Kusamalira mbewu.
Mitundu yonse ya davallia yomwe ili ngati kuwala kowala, komabe, kutuluka dzuwa dzuwa limadalira kutetezedwa. Chomera chidzakula bwino kumadzulo kapena kumayang'ana kummawa. Mitengo davaliya ikhoza kukhala ndi mthunzi wina, koma idzakula pang'onopang'ono.
Kutentha kwakukulu kwa dense davallia ndi bully davallia ndi madigiri 18-22. Kutsika kwa kutentha kumachititsa imfa ya chomeracho.
Kwa Canary davallia m'nyengo yozizira amaloledwa kuchepetsa kutentha kwa 16 о С.
Kuthirira kumakhala kochulukira, kutentha kofunda, madzi oima. Kuthirira kumaphatikizapo ngati chapamwamba chapamwamba cha nthaka chimauma. M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kungachepetsedwe pang'ono, mwachitsanzo, osati tsiku lomwela pamwamba pa gawo lapansi lauma, koma tsiku lotsatira, n'zosatheka kuuma nthaka. Pothirira madzi a leuka ndi opopatiza kwambiri, ndiye kuti simung'onong'onong'onong'ono womwe umatuluka mumphika. Kuthira kwa madzi pansi pano kumabwera moyenera.
Dawallia ndi zomera zomwe sizilekerera mpweya wouma, kotero ziyenera kukhala wamkulu mu chipinda chokhala ndi chinyezi chachikulu. Chinyezi chikhoza kusungidwa ndi kupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse, kapena mukhoza kuyika mphika wa zomera pa pallets ndi peyala kapena peat yonyowa. Kupopera mbewu kumaphatikizapo ndi madzi ozizira nthawi zonse. Canary davallia amalekerera mosavuta mpweya wouma.
Feteleza imapangidwa ndi feteleza yosungunuka kuyambira April mpaka September. M'nthawi yachisanu-yozizira, palibe feteleza yowonjezera yomwe imafunika, chifukwa imatha kuyambitsa matenda aakulu mu zomera.
Zipinda zapakhomozi zingapangidwe mu March-April zaka ziwiri zilizonse.
Dziko lapansili liyenera kukhala ndi peat, deciduous humus, mchenga wa mtsinje (zonse zitengedwa m'magulu omwewo). Pa chomera ichi, miphika yayikulu ndiyo yabwino, pansi pake yomwe payenera kukhala yabwino ngalande.
Davallia amachulukitsa pogwiritsa ntchito zidutswa za rhizome ndi kukhalapo kwa masamba awiri. Kuti muchite izi, chitsulo chiyenera kupangidwa ndi chitsulo, ndipo chithandizochi chimakhala pamwamba pa nthaka. Pambuyo pa miyezi iwiri, mizu imawonekera.
Spores ya davallium ikhoza kumera mwasakaniza mchenga ndi peat pansi pa polyethylene kutentha kwa madigiri 20.
Zisamaliro: spores za zomera zingayambitse machitidwe a asthmatic.
Zovuta zovuta:
- Kutentha kwapang'ono kungawononge kangaude.
- Osagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza masamba.
- Tetezani ku dzuwa lomwe limayambitsa moto.
- M'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, kuti mupewe matenda, musamamere zomera.
- Kwa moyo wamba wa chomera, gwiritsani ntchito magawo ofunika.
- Kuwonongeka: whitefly, thrips.