Mapologalamu a orchids a mtundu uwu ndi zomera zapiphytic zakuthambo zomwe zimakhala ndi njira yowonongeka; amasankha nkhalango zam'mlengalenga za Oceania ndi Southeast Asia. Iwo ali okhaokha mu gulu lapadera lotchedwa "amtengo wapatali" a orchid (Jevel Orchids), pamene iwo amakula makamaka kwa masamba okongoletsa. Maluwa amaluwa amenewa amakhala ochepa, amasonkhanitsidwa pa peduncle.
Mitundu yotchuka
Orchid Macodes petola (Macodes petola (B1) Ldl.) - chomera chokhala ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono, mtunduwo umakhala wofiira ndi wofiira. Kutalika kwa peduncle ndi pafupifupi masentimita 25. Mpweyawu umakhala wa 3-5 masentimita ndi 6-10 mamita mu msinkhu. Masamba amanenapo, ovate; Mtundu uli wobiriwira wobiriwira womwe uli ndi mitsempha isanu, yomwe imapezeka nthawi zonse. Nthaŵi yamaluwa ndi yophukira. Dziko lakwawo la Macodes la Petol ndizilumba za Sumatra ndi Philippines.
Kusamalira mbewu
Orchid Macodes sakonda kuwala kwa dzuwa, choncho ndibwino kuti tifotokoze kapena tiyike pawindo lakummawa kapena kumadzulo; Mbali yakumpoto imavomerezedwa. Kulekerera bwino kuunikira ndi magetsi a fulorosenti.
Komabe, ziyenera kukumbukiridwa kuti m'nyengo yozizira zomera zimatha kumva kuti alibe kuwala kuwindo la kumpoto. Ngati mpweya wa m'chipindacho wouma, ndiye kuti Macodes akhoza kukhala ndi nthawi yopumula. Pofuna kupewa izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa kuunika kwina kwa maola 10-15 patsiku.
Mlengalenga kutentha masana ayenera kusungidwa pa 22-25 ° C chaka chonse, ndipo usiku usadutse pansi pa 18 ° C.
Ngati mukukula ma orchids momasuka ndipo popanda kuunikira kwina, ndiye kuti kuyambira mu October mpaka February mbewuyo idzafika pogona. Panthawiyi, ma orchids amafunika kutentha kutentha kwa 18-20 ° C. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti Macodez Petola akhoza kukula kwa nthawi yaitali popanda mpumulo, popanda kuwononga maluwa. Milandu pamene masamba a chomera amakhala ndi burgundy hue, amalankhulani za nyengo yozizira kwambiri ya kukonzanso orchid.
Kuthirira kumalimbikitsidwa kuchitidwa nthawi zonse chaka chonse poima madzi. Mukamwetsa, pewani kudzaza mitsempha ya masamba ndi madzi, chifukwa izi zingapangitse kudulidwa kosayenera. Kuthira madzi pansi ndi njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli. Ngati chipinda chili ndi kutentha kwakukulu, ndi bwino kuthirira madzi ndi madzi otentha.
Macodeus Orchids amasankha sing'anga ndi zofunikira (80-90%) zowonjezera mlengalenga, chifukwa pang'onopang'ono kutsika kwa chinyezi kumatuluka, kuchepa kwa kukula kwa msinkhu ndi kuyanika kwa nsonga za masamba zimapezeka. Sindani chomeracho ndi kupopera mbewu pamsampha. Komabe, madzi ovuta sayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu izi, popeza mankhwala a saline amawonekera pa masamba. Kuti m'malo mwa maluwa am'mvula otentha asinthe, ndi bwino kuyika chomeracho (35 ° C). Pambuyo pake "kusamba" masamba ayenera kuthiridwa ndi chopukutira, ndipo pokhapokha ikauma, pita ku chipinda.
Manyowa oyenerera ayenera kupangidwa pokhapokha pa kukula kwachangu ndi maluwa. Pali lingaliro lakuti ndibwino kuti musakhale ndi "amtengo wapatali" a orchid, chifukwa izi zingakhudze mtundu wa masamba.
Maluwa a orchids Macodes akugwa kumapeto kwa autumn kapena yozizira. Mphukira yamaluwa wamtali amaoneka pamwamba pa mphukira. Inflorescence - brush multiflorous. Maluwawo ndi ochepa, mtunduwo ndi wofiira ndi wofiira. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti maluwa amatenga mphamvu zambiri kuchokera ku chomera, choncho sizowoneka kuti zomera zazing'ono kapena mitundu yaing'ono yamaluwa.
Kupaka ma orchids a mtundu uwu kumalimbikitsidwa pambuyo maluwa, mwinamwake kumapeto, koma ngati n'kofunikira (osati kawirikawiri kuposa kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri).
Pamene kuziika zomera ziyenera kuikidwa mokhazikika m'mbiya imodzi yaikulu kapena mwadongosolo mwagawidwa kukhala gawo la kholo ndi ana, ndikukwera munthu aliyense.
Orchids akufunira gawo lapansi. Ayenera kukhala olemera mu zigawo zowonjezera ndi ukhondo. Kuti apange gawo lokhala ndi zizindikiro zotere, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mizu ya fern, nkhuni birch makala, peat, zidutswa za pine makungwa, ena nthaka leafy. Pachifukwa ichi, gawo lalikulu liyenera kuikidwa pansi pa chidebe, ndipo gawo laling'ono liyenera kuikidwa pamwamba. Kawirikawiri pamwamba pa gawo lapansi mumakhala ndi sphagnum. Komanso, chifukwa cha "Amtengo Wapatali" amaluwa, njira za kulima zakhazikitsidwa m'moyo (wobiriwira) sphagnum.
Pambuyo pa kukonzanso, muyenera kuika orchid pamalo otentha kwambiri ndi chinyezi.
Macodes ndi orchid, yomwe imatulutsidwa ndi apical cuttings panthawi yopangira zomera, nyengo yovomerezeka ili kuyambira March mpaka July.
Musanadzalemo, kudula cuttings ndi ufa wonyezimira makala kuti uume ndi kuteteza kuvunda kwa odulidwa.
Kenaka ikani phesi m'madzi ozizira m'munsi mwa tsamba kuti muzuke. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pepala sayenera kuwonjezeka mu gawo lapansi. N'zotheka kuchita rooting m'madzi, kuwonjezera malasha osweka.
Kachulukidwe ka kuswana Macodes ndi zigawo zachitsulo, kumasulidwa ku masamba, apangidwa. Iwo amachoka mu wet sphagnum, kuwasiya iwo mu malo osakanikirana ndipo osapitiriza.
Zovuta pa kukula kwa macadets orchids
Ndi kusiyana kwakukulu usana ndi usiku, kutentha kosafunika kwa mbewu kumatheka. Pofuna kuthetsa vutoli, ndibwino kuchotsa maluwawo.
Kumbukirani kuti simungathe kuika ma orchids pafupi ndi radiator.
Kuwala kosavuta kumayambitsa kutambasula kosayenera kwa mbewu.
Yang'anani ulimi wothirira, musamadzichepetse komanso muthe. Ngati gawolo liri lonyowa kwambiri, lingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mizu.
Pewani kuwala kowala, chifukwa izi zingayambitse chomeracho.
Tizilombo: scutellum, mealybug, whitefly, akangaude.