Akatswiri ofufuza zachilendo apanga njira zambiri zoyambirira zolerera ana.
Njira yodziwika bwino ya pakhomo pophunzitsa ana ndiyo njira ya sayansi yamakono ya St. Petersburg, Nikolai Alexandrovich Zaitsev. Iye anabadwa mu 1939, ndipo zaka 50 zinayamba kubala cubes Zaitsev, gawo lake loyamba.
Chifukwa cha njira:
Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu ndi maziko a njira yonse ndi kuyang'ana koyambirira pa chilankhulidwe cha chilankhulo, chomwe chimaphatikizapo kuti chilankhulo cha chinenero ndi malo osungirako, osati syllable, monga onse amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukhulupirira. Malo ogulitsa ndi makalata awiri, vowel ndi consonant. Malo ogulitsira awa ali pamaso pa cubes.
Malingana ndi phokoso la galamala, makoswe amakhala ndi mtundu wosiyana, kukula ndi phokoso. Ma cubes okhala ndi malo osungiramo katundu amadzaza ndi zitsulo, zitsulo zogontha zimadzaza ndi matabwa osalankhula, m'mabwalo osungiramo katundu amakhala ndi ndalama zamkuwa. Kuti mukumbukire bwino, makalata ena ali ndi mtundu wawo weniweni.
Nthawi yomweyo ana amakumbukira malo osungira katundu, ndipo ambiri pambuyo pa makalasi atatu ndi anayi amawawerengera ndikuyamba kuwerenga kuwerenga mawu osiyana.
Kodi njira ya Zaitsev ndi yani?
Njira ya Zaitsev ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa ana a msinkhu uliwonse, ngakhale mwanayo ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yokha, adzakondabe kusewera ndi ana aang'ono, mwanayo posachedwa mwanayo adzakumbukira malo osungiramo zinthu ndikuphunzira kuwerenga. Ngakhale otsogolera oyambirira angathe kuwerenga molingana ndi njira zamakono zapamwamba (pamene zilembo zimapanga makalata), adzalinso ndi chikondi cha Zaitsev. Maphunziro awa adzakonza mavuto ambiri a mafupa powerenga.
Mu njirayi mulibe cubes, komanso magome omwe ayenera kuyimba, koma osati awerenge, omwe amachititsa kulankhula bwino ndikuthandizira kuwerenga.
Nthawi ya mwanayo ndi yofunika kwambiri pochita mogwirizana ndi njira ya Zaitsev. Mwana wamng'ono, pang'onopang'ono adzapeza luso lowerenga. Zimatsimikiziridwa ndi zochitika zomwe ana a zaka zinayi ayesa kuwerenga pambuyo pa phunziro lachitatu, ndipo pambuyo pa makalasi khumi ndi asanu ndi limodzi, mwanayo adzawerenga dzina la msewu womwe mukupita.
Kodi makalasi:
Kawirikawiri makalasi a Zaitsev amakhala osachepera theka la ora, koma sagwirizana ndi maphunziro omwe akhala akuchitika, ndizofanana ndi masewera enieni, omwe amachitikira mfulu. Ana ayenera kumverera bwino, akhoza kuyenda, kukhala pansi, kunama. Ndi bwino kuti mwanayo apereke makompyuta onse kuti azidziwana bwino ndi ana onse nthawi imodzi ndikuwatsogolera ndi mitundu ndi kukula kwake. Musawope kuti izi zidzakhala katundu waukulu, popeza ubongo wa mwanayo wapangidwa mosavuta.
Choyamba, muyenera kuwerenga ku malo osungiramo ana pamene mukupanga zigawo za dzina lake, kenako muthe kuwerenga mazembedwe osasunthika, mwinamwake zidzakhala zovuta, koma zidzasangalatsa ndi kukondweretsa ana.
Zipangizo zamakono komanso sukulu zimagwiritsa ntchito njira za Zaitsev monga njira yophunzitsira ana. Kawirikawiri makalasi amachitika momasuka komanso mophweka. Malembawa alembedwa patebulo, ndikuyang'anitsitsa zomwe ana sawononga maso awo, koma chifukwa chakuti ana angathe kusuntha momasuka, sangasokoneze chikhalidwe chawo. Ana osangalala amaphunzira kuĊµerenga pamene akuwerenga ndi kuyimba malo osungirako zinthu.
Ofufuza ambiri asonyeza kuti zogwira mtima kwambiri ndi kuphunzitsa masewerawo. Ambiri mwa ana omwe adayamba kuphunzira ali ndi zaka zitatu, ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, amakhoza kuphunzira m'kalasi yachitatu ya sukulu yachiwiri, osati poyamba, monga momwe amaphunzitsira.
Ubwino wa njira za Zaitsev:
Ubwino sungatheke. Asayansi asonyeza kuti nthawi yabwino yokonzekera sukulu ya pulayimale ndi zaka zitatu kapena zinayi. Makolo amathera nthawi yochuluka pokonzekera ana awo mofulumira, choncho ana ambiri m'kalasi yoyamba amadziwa zambiri kuchokera pulogalamu yoyamba. Sukulu zapadera ndi masewera olimbitsa thupi, mosiyana ndi masukulu wamba, zimatsogoleredwa ndi maziko a chidziwitso chomwe mwasankha.
Zitsulo za Zaitsev:
Chigawo cha Zaitsev chimaphatikizapo makumi asanu ndi awiri ndi makumi asanu ndi awiri ndi masitolo ndi magome. Cubes ikhoza kusonkhanitsidwa padera.